Beneficial microbiome and diet interplay in early-onset colorectal cancer

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most commonly diagnosed cancer and the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Although the risk of developing CRC increases with age, approximately 10% of newly diagnosed cases occur in individuals under the age of 50. Significant changes in die...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:EMBO molecular medicine Vol. 17; no. 1; pp. 9 - 30
Main Authors: Zhou, Zhengyuan, Kleis, Linda, Depetris-Chauvin, Ana, Jaskulski, Stefanie, Damerell, Victoria, Michels, Karin B, Gigic, Biljana, Nöthlings, Ute, Panagiotou, Gianni
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: London Nature Publishing Group UK 13.01.2025
Springer Nature
Subjects:
Animals
Biomedical and Life Sciences
Biomedicine
Colorectal Neoplasms - epidemiology
Colorectal Neoplasms - microbiology
Colorectal Neoplasms - prevention & control
Diet
Early-onset Colorectal Cancer
EMBO03
EMBO14
EMBO23
Gastrointestinal Microbiome
Gut Microbiome
Humans
Molecular Medicine
Prevention
Review
Review Article
Risk Factors
Therapy
Prevention
Therapy
Early-onset Colorectal Cancer
Gut Microbiome
Diet
ISSN:1757-4684, 1757-4676, 1757-4684
Online Access:Get full text
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Summary:Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most commonly diagnosed cancer and the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Although the risk of developing CRC increases with age, approximately 10% of newly diagnosed cases occur in individuals under the age of 50. Significant changes in dietary habits in young adults since industrialization create a favorable microenvironment for colorectal carcinogenesis. We aim here to shed light on the complex interplay between diet and gut microbiome in the pathogenesis and prevention of early-onset CRC (EO-CRC). We provide an overview of dietary risk factors associated with EO-CRC and contrast them with the general trends for CRC. We delve into gut bacteria, fungi, and phages with potential benefits against CRC and discuss the underlying molecular mechanisms. Furthermore, based on recent findings from human studies, we offer insights into how dietary modifications could potentially enhance gut microbiome composition to mitigate CRC risk. All together, we outline the current research landscape in this area and propose directions for future investigations that could pave the way for novel preventive and therapeutic strategies. In this review, G. Panagiotou and colleagues discuss the interplay between diet and gut microbiome in the pathogenesis and prevention of early-onset CRC (EO-CRC) and suggest directions for future research that could lead to new preventive and therapeutic approaches.
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ISSN:1757-4684
1757-4676
1757-4684
DOI:10.1038/s44321-024-00177-0