Effect of 30% Supramolecular Salicylic Acid Peel on Skin Microbiota and Inflammation in Patients with Moderate-to-Severe Acne Vulgaris

Introduction Thirty-percent supramolecular salicylic acid (SSA), a modified salicylic acid preparation, is a safe and effective treatment for moderate-to-severe acne vulgaris (AV). However, its mechanism of action remains unclear. We aimed to analyze the role of 30% SSA peels on skin microbiota and...

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Published in:Dermatology and therapy Vol. 13; no. 1; pp. 155 - 168
Main Authors: Shao, Xinyi, Chen, Yangmei, Zhang, Lingzhao, Zhang, Yujie, Ariyawati, Asoka, Chen, Tingqiao, Chen, Jiayi, Liu, Lin, Pu, Yihuan, Li, Yuxin, Chen, Jin
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: Cheshire Springer Healthcare 01.01.2023
Springer
Subjects:
Acne
Dermatology
Dosage and administration
Drug therapy
Health aspects
Immune response
Internal Medicine
Medicine
Medicine & Public Health
Microbiota (Symbiotic organisms)
Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
Original Research
Patient outcomes
Physiological aspects
Plastic Surgery
Quality of Life Research
Salicylic acid
China
Moderate-to-severe acne vulgaris
Microbiota
Inflammation
Skin
Supramolecular salicylic acid
ISSN:2193-8210, 2190-9172
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Summary:Introduction Thirty-percent supramolecular salicylic acid (SSA), a modified salicylic acid preparation, is a safe and effective treatment for moderate-to-severe acne vulgaris (AV). However, its mechanism of action remains unclear. We aimed to analyze the role of 30% SSA peels on skin microbiota and inflammation in patients with moderate-to-severe AV. Methods A total of 28 patients were enrolled and received 30% SSA peels biweekly for 2 months. The Global Acne Grading System (GAGS) score, skin water content, transepidermal water loss (TEWL), pH, and sebum levels were assessed. Skin microbial samples and perilesional skin biopsies were obtained at the onset and 2 weeks after treatment completion. Samples were characterized using a high-throughput sequencing approach targeting a portion of the bacterial 16S ribosomal RNA gene. Results After treatment, patients showed a significant improvement in their GAGS score and skin barrier indicators ( P  < 0.05). The GAGS score was positively associated with both the sebum concentration ( R  = 0.3, P  = 0.027) and pH ( R  = 0.39, P  = 0.003). Increased expression of caveolin-1 and decreased expression of interleukin (IL)-1a, IL-6, IL-17, transforming growth factor beta, and toll-like receptor 2 were observed in the skin tissue after treatment. The richness and evenness of the cutaneous microbiome decreased after treatment and the Staphylococcus proportion decreased significantly ( P  < 0.05), whereas the Propionibacterium proportion tended to decrease ( P  = 0.066). Conclusions On the basis of analyses of the skin barrier and microbiota, we speculate that the 30% SSA peel may have a therapeutic effect in patients with moderate-to-severe AV by improving the skin microenvironment and modulating the skin microbiome, thus reducing local inflammation.
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ISSN:2193-8210
2190-9172
DOI:10.1007/s13555-022-00844-5