Rapid determination and continuous monitoring of propofol in microliter whole blood sample during anesthesia by paper spray ionization-mass spectrometry
Propofol is a widely used intravenous anesthetic agent in sedation and general anesthesia. To improve the safety and maintain the depth of anesthesia, it is important to develop a rapid, sensitive, and reliable method to monitor the concentration of propofol in blood during anesthesia continuously....
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| Vydané v: | Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry Ročník 413; číslo 1; s. 279 - 287 |
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| Hlavní autori: | , , , , , |
| Médium: | Journal Article |
| Jazyk: | English |
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Berlin/Heidelberg
Springer Berlin Heidelberg
01.01.2021
Springer Springer Nature B.V |
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| ISSN: | 1618-2642, 1618-2650, 1618-2650 |
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| Abstract | Propofol is a widely used intravenous anesthetic agent in sedation and general anesthesia. To improve the safety and maintain the depth of anesthesia, it is important to develop a rapid, sensitive, and reliable method to monitor the concentration of propofol in blood during anesthesia continuously. Here, we present a novel strategy based on paper spray ionization-mass spectrometry (PSI-MS) to detect propofol. Samples (in 10 μL) were mixed with methanol as protein precipitation solvent and 2,6-dimethylphenol as internal standard. Protein micro-precipitation was achieved with methanol by vortexing and centrifuging for 5 s each, and propofol was extracted to the supernatant. PSI-MS was performed in negative ionization mode, and MS signal lasted for 1 min. The analysis of a single sample was completed within 2 min. The area ratios of propofol to internal standard were calculated for quantification. Limit of detection of 5.5 ng mL
−1
and limit of quantification of 18.2 ng mL
−1
were achieved for propofol in whole blood. Calibration curve was linear in the range of 0.02–10 μg mL
−1
. The developed method was used successfully in monitoring the propofol concentration in 3 patients’ whole blood during anesthesia, showing its further application in controlling and feeding-back target concentration infusion.
Graphical abstract |
|---|---|
| AbstractList | Propofol is a widely used intravenous anesthetic agent in sedation and general anesthesia. To improve the safety and maintain the depth of anesthesia, it is important to develop a rapid, sensitive, and reliable method to monitor the concentration of propofol in blood during anesthesia continuously. Here, we present a novel strategy based on paper spray ionization-mass spectrometry (PSI-MS) to detect propofol. Samples (in 10 μL) were mixed with methanol as protein precipitation solvent and 2,6-dimethylphenol as internal standard. Protein micro-precipitation was achieved with methanol by vortexing and centrifuging for 5 s each, and propofol was extracted to the supernatant. PSI-MS was performed in negative ionization mode, and MS signal lasted for 1 min. The analysis of a single sample was completed within 2 min. The area ratios of propofol to internal standard were calculated for quantification. Limit of detection of 5.5 ng mL
and limit of quantification of 18.2 ng mL
were achieved for propofol in whole blood. Calibration curve was linear in the range of 0.02-10 μg mL
. The developed method was used successfully in monitoring the propofol concentration in 3 patients' whole blood during anesthesia, showing its further application in controlling and feeding-back target concentration infusion. Graphical abstract. Propofol is a widely used intravenous anesthetic agent in sedation and general anesthesia. To improve the safety and maintain the depth of anesthesia, it is important to develop a rapid, sensitive, and reliable method to monitor the concentration of propofol in blood during anesthesia continuously. Here, we present a novel strategy based on paper spray ionization-mass spectrometry (PSI-MS) to detect propofol. Samples (in 10 [mu]L) were mixed with methanol as protein precipitation solvent and 2,6-dimethylphenol as internal standard. Protein micro-precipitation was achieved with methanol by vortexing and centrifuging for 5 s each, and propofol was extracted to the supernatant. PSI-MS was performed in negative ionization mode, and MS signal lasted for 1 min. The analysis of a single sample was completed within 2 min. The area ratios of propofol to internal standard were calculated for quantification. Limit of detection of 5.5 ng mL.sup.-1 and limit of quantification of 18.2 ng mL.sup.-1 were achieved for propofol in whole blood. Calibration curve was linear in the range of 0.02-10 [mu]g mL.sup.-1. The developed method was used successfully in monitoring the propofol concentration in 3 patients' whole blood during anesthesia, showing its further application in controlling and feeding-back target concentration infusion. Propofol is a widely used intravenous anesthetic agent in sedation and general anesthesia. To improve the safety and maintain the depth of anesthesia, it is important to develop a rapid, sensitive, and reliable method to monitor the concentration of propofol in blood during anesthesia continuously. Here, we present a novel strategy based on paper spray ionization-mass spectrometry (PSI-MS) to detect propofol. Samples (in 10 μL) were mixed with methanol as protein precipitation solvent and 2,6-dimethylphenol as internal standard. Protein micro-precipitation was achieved with methanol by vortexing and centrifuging for 5 s each, and propofol was extracted to the supernatant. PSI-MS was performed in negative ionization mode, and MS signal lasted for 1 min. The analysis of a single sample was completed within 2 min. The area ratios of propofol to internal standard were calculated for quantification. Limit of detection of 5.5 ng mL −1 and limit of quantification of 18.2 ng mL −1 were achieved for propofol in whole blood. Calibration curve was linear in the range of 0.02–10 μg mL −1 . The developed method was used successfully in monitoring the propofol concentration in 3 patients’ whole blood during anesthesia, showing its further application in controlling and feeding-back target concentration infusion. Graphical abstract Propofol is a widely used intravenous anesthetic agent in sedation and general anesthesia. To improve the safety and maintain the depth of anesthesia, it is important to develop a rapid, sensitive, and reliable method to monitor the concentration of propofol in blood during anesthesia continuously. Here, we present a novel strategy based on paper spray ionization-mass spectrometry (PSI-MS) to detect propofol. Samples (in 10 μL) were mixed with methanol as protein precipitation solvent and 2,6-dimethylphenol as internal standard. Protein micro-precipitation was achieved with methanol by vortexing and centrifuging for 5 s each, and propofol was extracted to the supernatant. PSI-MS was performed in negative ionization mode, and MS signal lasted for 1 min. The analysis of a single sample was completed within 2 min. The area ratios of propofol to internal standard were calculated for quantification. Limit of detection of 5.5 ng mL−1 and limit of quantification of 18.2 ng mL−1 were achieved for propofol in whole blood. Calibration curve was linear in the range of 0.02–10 μg mL−1. The developed method was used successfully in monitoring the propofol concentration in 3 patients’ whole blood during anesthesia, showing its further application in controlling and feeding-back target concentration infusion. Propofol is a widely used intravenous anesthetic agent in sedation and general anesthesia. To improve the safety and maintain the depth of anesthesia, it is important to develop a rapid, sensitive, and reliable method to monitor the concentration of propofol in blood during anesthesia continuously. Here, we present a novel strategy based on paper spray ionization-mass spectrometry (PSI-MS) to detect propofol. Samples (in 10 μL) were mixed with methanol as protein precipitation solvent and 2,6-dimethylphenol as internal standard. Protein micro-precipitation was achieved with methanol by vortexing and centrifuging for 5 s each, and propofol was extracted to the supernatant. PSI-MS was performed in negative ionization mode, and MS signal lasted for 1 min. The analysis of a single sample was completed within 2 min. The area ratios of propofol to internal standard were calculated for quantification. Limit of detection of 5.5 ng mL⁻¹ and limit of quantification of 18.2 ng mL⁻¹ were achieved for propofol in whole blood. Calibration curve was linear in the range of 0.02–10 μg mL⁻¹. The developed method was used successfully in monitoring the propofol concentration in 3 patients’ whole blood during anesthesia, showing its further application in controlling and feeding-back target concentration infusion. Graphical abstract Propofol is a widely used intravenous anesthetic agent in sedation and general anesthesia. To improve the safety and maintain the depth of anesthesia, it is important to develop a rapid, sensitive, and reliable method to monitor the concentration of propofol in blood during anesthesia continuously. Here, we present a novel strategy based on paper spray ionization-mass spectrometry (PSI-MS) to detect propofol. Samples (in 10 μL) were mixed with methanol as protein precipitation solvent and 2,6-dimethylphenol as internal standard. Protein micro-precipitation was achieved with methanol by vortexing and centrifuging for 5 s each, and propofol was extracted to the supernatant. PSI-MS was performed in negative ionization mode, and MS signal lasted for 1 min. The analysis of a single sample was completed within 2 min. The area ratios of propofol to internal standard were calculated for quantification. Limit of detection of 5.5 ng mL-1 and limit of quantification of 18.2 ng mL-1 were achieved for propofol in whole blood. Calibration curve was linear in the range of 0.02-10 μg mL-1. The developed method was used successfully in monitoring the propofol concentration in 3 patients' whole blood during anesthesia, showing its further application in controlling and feeding-back target concentration infusion. Graphical abstract.Propofol is a widely used intravenous anesthetic agent in sedation and general anesthesia. To improve the safety and maintain the depth of anesthesia, it is important to develop a rapid, sensitive, and reliable method to monitor the concentration of propofol in blood during anesthesia continuously. Here, we present a novel strategy based on paper spray ionization-mass spectrometry (PSI-MS) to detect propofol. Samples (in 10 μL) were mixed with methanol as protein precipitation solvent and 2,6-dimethylphenol as internal standard. Protein micro-precipitation was achieved with methanol by vortexing and centrifuging for 5 s each, and propofol was extracted to the supernatant. PSI-MS was performed in negative ionization mode, and MS signal lasted for 1 min. The analysis of a single sample was completed within 2 min. The area ratios of propofol to internal standard were calculated for quantification. Limit of detection of 5.5 ng mL-1 and limit of quantification of 18.2 ng mL-1 were achieved for propofol in whole blood. Calibration curve was linear in the range of 0.02-10 μg mL-1. The developed method was used successfully in monitoring the propofol concentration in 3 patients' whole blood during anesthesia, showing its further application in controlling and feeding-back target concentration infusion. Graphical abstract. |
| Audience | Academic |
| Author | Zhang, Xiao-Hui Liu, Ying Mi, Wei-Dong Zhang, Xin-Xiang Zhang, Chang-Sheng Zhou, Ying-Lin |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Ying surname: Liu fullname: Liu, Ying organization: Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University – sequence: 2 givenname: Xiao-Hui surname: Zhang fullname: Zhang, Xiao-Hui organization: State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University – sequence: 3 givenname: Wei-Dong surname: Mi fullname: Mi, Wei-Dong organization: Anesthesia and Operation Center, First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital – sequence: 4 givenname: Ying-Lin surname: Zhou fullname: Zhou, Ying-Lin email: zhouyl@pku.edu.cn organization: Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University – sequence: 5 givenname: Chang-Sheng surname: Zhang fullname: Zhang, Chang-Sheng email: powerzcs@126.com organization: Anesthesia and Operation Center, First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital – sequence: 6 givenname: Xin-Xiang surname: Zhang fullname: Zhang, Xin-Xiang email: zxx@pku.edu.cn organization: Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University |
| BackLink | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33106945$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed |
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| CitedBy_id | crossref_primary_10_1080_10408347_2021_1910927 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_trac_2025_118350 crossref_primary_10_3390_app12041856 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jmsacl_2022_06_001 crossref_primary_10_1002_mas_70004 |
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| Keywords | Whole blood Ambient ionization mass spectrometry Propofol Monitoring in anesthesia Protein micro-precipitation |
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| Title | Rapid determination and continuous monitoring of propofol in microliter whole blood sample during anesthesia by paper spray ionization-mass spectrometry |
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