A portable pencil-like immunosensor for point-of-care testing of inflammatory biomarkers

Portable devices for immunoassays are in high demand for point-of-care testing (POCT) of biomarkers. Here, we report a robust portable pencil-like immunosensor (PPS) platform for the determination of three inflammatory biomarkers including interleukin-6 (IL-6), procalcitonin (PCT), and C-reactive pr...

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Published in:	Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry Vol. 412; no. 13; pp. 3231 - 3239
Main Authors:	Nie, Rongbin, Huang, Jingwen, Xu, Xuexue, Yang, Li
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	Berlin/Heidelberg Springer Berlin Heidelberg 01.05.2020 Springer Springer Nature B.V
Subjects:	ambient temperature Analytical Chemistry Biochemistry Biological markers Biomarkers Biomarkers - metabolism Biosensing Techniques blood serum C-reactive protein C-Reactive Protein - metabolism Characterization and Evaluation of Materials Chemiluminescence Chemistry Chemistry and Materials Science detection limit Food Science Humans Immunoassay Immunoassays Immunosensors Inflammation Inflammation - metabolism Interleukin 6 Interleukins Laboratory Medicine Limit of Detection Monitoring/Environmental Analysis photons Point of care testing Point-of-Care Systems Portable equipment Procalcitonin Reagents Reproducibility of Results Research Paper Room temperature Sensors storage temperature storage time China Point-of-care testing Pencil-like immunosensor Procalcitonin C-Reactive protein Interleukin-6 Optical fiber
ISSN:	1618-2642, 1618-2650, 1618-2650
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Abstract	Portable devices for immunoassays are in high demand for point-of-care testing (POCT) of biomarkers. Here, we report a robust portable pencil-like immunosensor (PPS) platform for the determination of three inflammatory biomarkers including interleukin-6 (IL-6), procalcitonin (PCT), and C-reactive protein (CRP) in human serum samples. The PPS platform is composed of a unique pencil-like optical-fiber-based sensor, a reagent strip consisting of a series of pencil-cap-like wells, and a battery-powered photon counting detector for recording chemiluminescence. The PPS probe moves from well to well with a plug-into/out approach and goes through the immunoassay steps. Each fiber probe in the PPS platform can be sequentially used in up to 10 assays by simply propelling the intact probe out of the pencil body. The PPS platform is well-integrated into a portable suitcase-like device (32 cm × 23 cm × 11 cm) and is only 3 kg in weight. The sensor has good repeatability and can maintain 90% response after 14 days of storage at room temperature, showing its ability for assays in the field. The good linear relationship and efficient dynamic range with a limit-of-detection (LOD) of 1.05 pg/mL for IL-6, 10.64 pg/mL for PCT, and 29.40 ng/mL for CRP are obtained. The assay results are compared with clinical methods, and the findings confirm the high accuracy and precision of the proposed method. The proposed PPS platform is versatile and operable with minimal instruments and technical skills and simplifies the process of immune analysis, thus has great prospects for POCT of biomarkers. Graphical abstract
AbstractList	Portable devices for immunoassays are in high demand for point-of-care testing (POCT) of biomarkers. Here, we report a robust portable pencil-like immunosensor (PPS) platform for the determination of three inflammatory biomarkers including interleukin-6 (IL-6), procalcitonin (PCT), and C-reactive protein (CRP) in human serum samples. The PPS platform is composed of a unique pencil-like optical-fiber-based sensor, a reagent strip consisting of a series of pencil-cap-like wells, and a battery-powered photon counting detector for recording chemiluminescence. The PPS probe moves from well to well with a plug-into/out approach and goes through the immunoassay steps. Each fiber probe in the PPS platform can be sequentially used in up to 10 assays by simply propelling the intact probe out of the pencil body. The PPS platform is well-integrated into a portable suitcase-like device (32 cm × 23 cm × 11 cm) and is only 3 kg in weight. The sensor has good repeatability and can maintain 90% response after 14 days of storage at room temperature, showing its ability for assays in the field. The good linear relationship and efficient dynamic range with a limit-of-detection (LOD) of 1.05 pg/mL for IL-6, 10.64 pg/mL for PCT, and 29.40 ng/mL for CRP are obtained. The assay results are compared with clinical methods, and the findings confirm the high accuracy and precision of the proposed method. The proposed PPS platform is versatile and operable with minimal instruments and technical skills and simplifies the process of immune analysis, thus has great prospects for POCT of biomarkers. Graphical abstract Portable devices for immunoassays are in high demand for point-of-care testing (POCT) of biomarkers. Here, we report a robust portable pencil-like immunosensor (PPS) platform for the determination of three inflammatory biomarkers including interleukin-6 (IL-6), procalcitonin (PCT), and C-reactive protein (CRP) in human serum samples. The PPS platform is composed of a unique pencil-like optical-fiber-based sensor, a reagent strip consisting of a series of pencil-cap-like wells, and a battery-powered photon counting detector for recording chemiluminescence. The PPS probe moves from well to well with a plug-into/out approach and goes through the immunoassay steps. Each fiber probe in the PPS platform can be sequentially used in up to 10 assays by simply propelling the intact probe out of the pencil body. The PPS platform is well-integrated into a portable suitcase-like device (32 cm x 23 cm x 11 cm) and is only 3 kg in weight. The sensor has good repeatability and can maintain 90% response after 14 days of storage at room temperature, showing its ability for assays in the field. The good linear relationship and efficient dynamic range with a limit-of-detection (LOD) of 1.05 pg/mL for IL-6, 10.64 pg/mL for PCT, and 29.40 ng/mL for CRP are obtained. The assay results are compared with clinical methods, and the findings confirm the high accuracy and precision of the proposed method. The proposed PPS platform is versatile and operable with minimal instruments and technical skills and simplifies the process of immune analysis, thus has great prospects for POCT of biomarkers. Portable devices for immunoassays are in high demand for point-of-care testing (POCT) of biomarkers. Here, we report a robust portable pencil-like immunosensor (PPS) platform for the determination of three inflammatory biomarkers including interleukin-6 (IL-6), procalcitonin (PCT), and C-reactive protein (CRP) in human serum samples. The PPS platform is composed of a unique pencil-like optical-fiber-based sensor, a reagent strip consisting of a series of pencil-cap-like wells, and a battery-powered photon counting detector for recording chemiluminescence. The PPS probe moves from well to well with a plug-into/out approach and goes through the immunoassay steps. Each fiber probe in the PPS platform can be sequentially used in up to 10 assays by simply propelling the intact probe out of the pencil body. The PPS platform is well-integrated into a portable suitcase-like device (32 cm × 23 cm × 11 cm) and is only 3 kg in weight. The sensor has good repeatability and can maintain 90% response after 14 days of storage at room temperature, showing its ability for assays in the field. The good linear relationship and efficient dynamic range with a limit-of-detection (LOD) of 1.05 pg/mL for IL-6, 10.64 pg/mL for PCT, and 29.40 ng/mL for CRP are obtained. The assay results are compared with clinical methods, and the findings confirm the high accuracy and precision of the proposed method. The proposed PPS platform is versatile and operable with minimal instruments and technical skills and simplifies the process of immune analysis, thus has great prospects for POCT of biomarkers. Graphical abstract. Portable devices for immunoassays are in high demand for point-of-care testing (POCT) of biomarkers. Here, we report a robust portable pencil-like immunosensor (PPS) platform for the determination of three inflammatory biomarkers including interleukin-6 (IL-6), procalcitonin (PCT), and C-reactive protein (CRP) in human serum samples. The PPS platform is composed of a unique pencil-like optical-fiber-based sensor, a reagent strip consisting of a series of pencil-cap-like wells, and a battery-powered photon counting detector for recording chemiluminescence. The PPS probe moves from well to well with a plug-into/out approach and goes through the immunoassay steps. Each fiber probe in the PPS platform can be sequentially used in up to 10 assays by simply propelling the intact probe out of the pencil body. The PPS platform is well-integrated into a portable suitcase-like device (32 cm × 23 cm × 11 cm) and is only 3 kg in weight. The sensor has good repeatability and can maintain 90% response after 14 days of storage at room temperature, showing its ability for assays in the field. The good linear relationship and efficient dynamic range with a limit-of-detection (LOD) of 1.05 pg/mL for IL-6, 10.64 pg/mL for PCT, and 29.40 ng/mL for CRP are obtained. The assay results are compared with clinical methods, and the findings confirm the high accuracy and precision of the proposed method. The proposed PPS platform is versatile and operable with minimal instruments and technical skills and simplifies the process of immune analysis, thus has great prospects for POCT of biomarkers. Graphical abstract.Portable devices for immunoassays are in high demand for point-of-care testing (POCT) of biomarkers. Here, we report a robust portable pencil-like immunosensor (PPS) platform for the determination of three inflammatory biomarkers including interleukin-6 (IL-6), procalcitonin (PCT), and C-reactive protein (CRP) in human serum samples. The PPS platform is composed of a unique pencil-like optical-fiber-based sensor, a reagent strip consisting of a series of pencil-cap-like wells, and a battery-powered photon counting detector for recording chemiluminescence. The PPS probe moves from well to well with a plug-into/out approach and goes through the immunoassay steps. Each fiber probe in the PPS platform can be sequentially used in up to 10 assays by simply propelling the intact probe out of the pencil body. The PPS platform is well-integrated into a portable suitcase-like device (32 cm × 23 cm × 11 cm) and is only 3 kg in weight. The sensor has good repeatability and can maintain 90% response after 14 days of storage at room temperature, showing its ability for assays in the field. The good linear relationship and efficient dynamic range with a limit-of-detection (LOD) of 1.05 pg/mL for IL-6, 10.64 pg/mL for PCT, and 29.40 ng/mL for CRP are obtained. The assay results are compared with clinical methods, and the findings confirm the high accuracy and precision of the proposed method. The proposed PPS platform is versatile and operable with minimal instruments and technical skills and simplifies the process of immune analysis, thus has great prospects for POCT of biomarkers. Graphical abstract. Portable devices for immunoassays are in high demand for point-of-care testing (POCT) of biomarkers. Here, we report a robust portable pencil-like immunosensor (PPS) platform for the determination of three inflammatory biomarkers including interleukin-6 (IL-6), procalcitonin (PCT), and C-reactive protein (CRP) in human serum samples. The PPS platform is composed of a unique pencil-like optical-fiber-based sensor, a reagent strip consisting of a series of pencil-cap-like wells, and a battery-powered photon counting detector for recording chemiluminescence. The PPS probe moves from well to well with a plug-into/out approach and goes through the immunoassay steps. Each fiber probe in the PPS platform can be sequentially used in up to 10 assays by simply propelling the intact probe out of the pencil body. The PPS platform is well-integrated into a portable suitcase-like device (32 cm × 23 cm × 11 cm) and is only 3 kg in weight. The sensor has good repeatability and can maintain 90% response after 14 days of storage at room temperature, showing its ability for assays in the field. The good linear relationship and efficient dynamic range with a limit-of-detection (LOD) of 1.05 pg/mL for IL-6, 10.64 pg/mL for PCT, and 29.40 ng/mL for CRP are obtained. The assay results are compared with clinical methods, and the findings confirm the high accuracy and precision of the proposed method. The proposed PPS platform is versatile and operable with minimal instruments and technical skills and simplifies the process of immune analysis, thus has great prospects for POCT of biomarkers. Graphical abstract Portable devices for immunoassays are in high demand for point-of-care testing (POCT) of biomarkers. Here, we report a robust portable pencil-like immunosensor (PPS) platform for the determination of three inflammatory biomarkers including interleukin-6 (IL-6), procalcitonin (PCT), and C-reactive protein (CRP) in human serum samples. The PPS platform is composed of a unique pencil-like optical-fiber-based sensor, a reagent strip consisting of a series of pencil-cap-like wells, and a battery-powered photon counting detector for recording chemiluminescence. The PPS probe moves from well to well with a plug-into/out approach and goes through the immunoassay steps. Each fiber probe in the PPS platform can be sequentially used in up to 10 assays by simply propelling the intact probe out of the pencil body. The PPS platform is well-integrated into a portable suitcase-like device (32 cm × 23 cm × 11 cm) and is only 3 kg in weight. The sensor has good repeatability and can maintain 90% response after 14 days of storage at room temperature, showing its ability for assays in the field. The good linear relationship and efficient dynamic range with a limit-of-detection (LOD) of 1.05 pg/mL for IL-6, 10.64 pg/mL for PCT, and 29.40 ng/mL for CRP are obtained. The assay results are compared with clinical methods, and the findings confirm the high accuracy and precision of the proposed method. The proposed PPS platform is versatile and operable with minimal instruments and technical skills and simplifies the process of immune analysis, thus has great prospects for POCT of biomarkers.
Audience	Academic
Author	Yang, Li Huang, Jingwen Xu, Xuexue Nie, Rongbin
Author_xml	– sequence: 1 givenname: Rongbin surname: Nie fullname: Nie, Rongbin organization: Key Laboratory of Nanobiosensing and Nanobioanalysis at Universities of Jilin Province, Department of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University – sequence: 2 givenname: Jingwen surname: Huang fullname: Huang, Jingwen organization: Key Laboratory of Nanobiosensing and Nanobioanalysis at Universities of Jilin Province, Department of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University – sequence: 3 givenname: Xuexue surname: Xu fullname: Xu, Xuexue organization: Key Laboratory of Nanobiosensing and Nanobioanalysis at Universities of Jilin Province, Department of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University – sequence: 4 givenname: Li surname: Yang fullname: Yang, Li email: yangl330@nenu.edu.cn organization: Key Laboratory of Nanobiosensing and Nanobioanalysis at Universities of Jilin Province, Department of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University
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PublicationDate	2020-05-01
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PublicationPlace	Berlin/Heidelberg
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PublicationTitle	Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry
PublicationTitleAbbrev	Anal Bioanal Chem
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PublicationYear	2020
Publisher	Springer Berlin Heidelberg Springer Springer Nature B.V
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Snippet	Portable devices for immunoassays are in high demand for point-of-care testing (POCT) of biomarkers. Here, we report a robust portable pencil-like immunosensor...
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SubjectTerms	ambient temperature Analytical Chemistry Biochemistry Biological markers Biomarkers Biomarkers - metabolism Biosensing Techniques blood serum C-reactive protein C-Reactive Protein - metabolism Characterization and Evaluation of Materials Chemiluminescence Chemistry Chemistry and Materials Science detection limit Food Science Humans Immunoassay Immunoassays Immunosensors Inflammation Inflammation - metabolism Interleukin 6 Interleukins Laboratory Medicine Limit of Detection Monitoring/Environmental Analysis photons Point of care testing Point-of-Care Systems Portable equipment Procalcitonin Reagents Reproducibility of Results Research Paper Room temperature Sensors storage temperature storage time
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Title	A portable pencil-like immunosensor for point-of-care testing of inflammatory biomarkers
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