Information Theory in Perception of Form: From Gestalt to Algorithmic Complexity

In 1948, Claude Shannon published a revolutionary paper on communication and information in engineering, one that made its way into the psychology of perception and changed it for good. However, the path to truly successful applications to psychology has been slow and bumpy. In this article, we pres...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Entropy (Basel, Switzerland) Vol. 27; no. 4; p. 434
Main Authors: Algom, Daniel, Fitousi, Daniel
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: Switzerland MDPI AG 17.04.2025
MDPI
Subjects:
algorithmic complexity
Complexity
gestalt
Group theory
information
Information theory
Perception
Psychologists
Psychology
Redundancy
sets
Symmetry
Visual perception
New York
United States
algorithmic complexity
information
redundancy
sets
gestalt
ISSN:1099-4300, 1099-4300
Online Access:Get full text
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Summary:In 1948, Claude Shannon published a revolutionary paper on communication and information in engineering, one that made its way into the psychology of perception and changed it for good. However, the path to truly successful applications to psychology has been slow and bumpy. In this article, we present a readable account of that path, explaining the early difficulties as well as the creative solutions offered. The latter include Garner’s theory of sets and redundancy as well as mathematical group theory. These solutions, in turn, enabled rigorous objective definitions to the hitherto subjective Gestalt concepts of figural goodness, order, randomness, and predictability. More recent developments enabled the definition of, in an exact mathematical sense, the key notion of complexity. In this article, we demonstrate, for the first time, the presence of the association between people’s subjective impression of figural goodness and the pattern’s objective complexity. The more attractive the pattern appears to perception, the less complex it is and the smaller the set of subjectively similar patterns.
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ISSN:1099-4300
1099-4300
DOI:10.3390/e27040434