Satellite Ocean Colour: Current Status and Future Perspective

Spectrally resolved water-leaving radiances (ocean colour) and inferred chlorophyll concentration are key to studying phytoplankton dynamics at seasonal and inter-annual scales, for a better understanding of the role of phytoplankton in marine biogeochemistry; the global carbon cycle; and the respon...

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Vydané v:	Frontiers in Marine Science Ročník 6; číslo 485; s. 1 - 30
Hlavní autori:	Groom, Steve, Sathyendranath, Shubha, Ban, Yai, Bernard, Stewart, Brewin, Robert, Brotas, Vanda, Brockmann, Carsten, Chauhan, Prakash, Choi, Jong-kuk, Chuprin, Andrei, Ciavatta, Stefano, Cipollini, Paolo, Donlon, Craig, Franz, Bryan, He, Xianqiang, Hirata, Takafumi, Jackson, Tom, Kampel, Milton, Krasemann, Hajo, Lavender, Samantha, Pardo-Martinez, Silvia, Mélin, Frédéric, Platt, Trevor, Santoleri, Rosalia, Skakala, Jozef, Schaeffer, Blake, Smith, Marie, Steinmetz, Francois, Valente, Andre, Wang, Menghua
Médium:	Journal Article
Jazyk:	English
Vydavateľské údaje:	Goddard Space Flight Center Frontiers Media 29.08.2019 Frontiers Research Foundation Frontiers Media S.A
Predmet:	Algal blooms Algorithms Biogeochemistry Calibration capacity building Capacity development Carbon cycle Catch per unit effort Chlorophyll Chlorophylls Climate change climate data records Climate variability Climatic data Coastal zone Crowdsourcing Duration Ecosystems Environmental impact Environmental monitoring Eutrophication Fisheries ground-segment Laboratories Marine ecosystems Mathematical models Ocean colour Oceanography Oceans Phytoplankton Plumes R&D Radiometry Research & development Satellites Sensors Training Variability Water quality Italy United Kingdom > UK United States > US Germany Water-Quality Chlorophyll Climate-Change Vertical Migration Functional Types Ground-Segment Data Assimilation Biogeochemical Model Climate Data Records Biooptical Algorithms Harmful Algal Blooms Optical-Properties Atmospheric Correction Ocean Colour Phytoplankton Capacity Building ocean colour phytoplankton water-quality ground-segment climate data records capacity building
ISSN:	2296-7745, 2296-7745
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Shrnutí:	Spectrally resolved water-leaving radiances (ocean colour) and inferred chlorophyll concentration are key to studying phytoplankton dynamics at seasonal and inter-annual scales, for a better understanding of the role of phytoplankton in marine biogeochemistry; the global carbon cycle; and the response of marine ecosystems to climate variability, change and feedback processes. Ocean colour data also have a critical role in operational observation systems monitoring coastal eutrophication, harmful algal blooms, and sediment plumes. The contiguous ocean-colour record reached 21 years in 2018; however, it is comprised of a number of one-off missions such that creating a consistent time-series of ocean-colour data requires merging of the individual sensors (including MERIS, Aqua-MODIS, SeaWiFS, VIIRS, and OLCI) with differing sensor characteristics, without introducing artefacts. By contrast, the next decade will see consistent observations from operational ocean colour series with sensors of similar design and with a replacement strategy. Also, by 2029 the record will start to be of sufficient duration to discriminate climate change impacts from natural variability, at least in some regions. This paper describes the current status and future prospects in the field of ocean colour focusing on large to medium resolution observations of oceans and coastal seas. It reviews the user requirements in terms of products and uncertainty characteristics and then describes features of current and future satellite ocean-colour sensors, both operational and innovative. The key role of in situ validation and calibration is highlighted as are ground segments that process the data received from the ocean-colour sensors and deliver analysis-ready products to end-users. Example applications of the ocean-colour data are presented, focusing on the climate data record and operational applications including water quality and assimilation into numerical models. Current capacity building and training activities pertinent to ocean colour are described and finally a summary of future perspectives is provided.
Bibliografia:	GSFC Goddard Space Flight Center ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 14 content type line 23 AUTHOR CONTRIBUTIONS All authors listed have made a substantial, direct and intellectual contribution to the work, and approved it for publication.
ISSN:	2296-7745 2296-7745
DOI:	10.3389/fmars.2019.00485