Nasal high flow clears anatomical dead space in upper airway models
Recent studies showed that nasal high flow (NHF) with or without supplemental oxygen can assist ventilation of patients with chronic respiratory and sleep disorders. The hypothesis of this study was to test whether NHF can clear dead space in two different models of the upper nasal airways. The firs...
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| Vydáno v: | Journal of applied physiology (1985) Ročník 118; číslo 12; s. 1525 - 1532 |
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| Hlavní autoři: | , , , , , , , |
| Médium: | Journal Article |
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
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United States
15.06.2015
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| ISSN: | 1522-1601 |
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| Abstract | Recent studies showed that nasal high flow (NHF) with or without supplemental oxygen can assist ventilation of patients with chronic respiratory and sleep disorders. The hypothesis of this study was to test whether NHF can clear dead space in two different models of the upper nasal airways. The first was a simple tube model consisting of a nozzle to simulate the nasal valve area, connected to a cylindrical tube to simulate the nasal cavity. The second was a more complex anatomically representative upper airway model, constructed from segmented CT-scan images of a healthy volunteer. After filling the models with tracer gases, NHF was delivered at rates of 15, 30, and 45 l/min. The tracer gas clearance was determined using dynamic infrared CO2 spectroscopy and 81mKr-gas radioactive gamma camera imaging. There was a similar tracer-gas clearance characteristic in the tube model and the upper airway model: clearance half-times were below 1.0 s and decreased with increasing NHF rates. For both models, the anterior compartments demonstrated faster clearance levels (half-times < 0.5 s) and the posterior sections showed slower clearance (half-times < 1.0 s). Both imaging methods showed similar flow-dependent tracer-gas clearance in the models. For the anatomically based model, there was complete tracer-gas removal from the nasal cavities within 1.0 s. The level of clearance in the nasal cavities increased by 1.8 ml/s for every 1.0 l/min increase in the rate of NHF. The study has demonstrated the fast-occurring clearance of nasal cavities by NHF therapy, which is capable of reducing of dead space rebreathing. |
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| AbstractList | Recent studies showed that nasal high flow (NHF) with or without supplemental oxygen can assist ventilation of patients with chronic respiratory and sleep disorders. The hypothesis of this study was to test whether NHF can clear dead space in two different models of the upper nasal airways. The first was a simple tube model consisting of a nozzle to simulate the nasal valve area, connected to a cylindrical tube to simulate the nasal cavity. The second was a more complex anatomically representative upper airway model, constructed from segmented CT-scan images of a healthy volunteer. After filling the models with tracer gases, NHF was delivered at rates of 15, 30, and 45 l/min. The tracer gas clearance was determined using dynamic infrared CO2 spectroscopy and 81mKr-gas radioactive gamma camera imaging. There was a similar tracer-gas clearance characteristic in the tube model and the upper airway model: clearance half-times were below 1.0 s and decreased with increasing NHF rates. For both models, the anterior compartments demonstrated faster clearance levels (half-times < 0.5 s) and the posterior sections showed slower clearance (half-times < 1.0 s). Both imaging methods showed similar flow-dependent tracer-gas clearance in the models. For the anatomically based model, there was complete tracer-gas removal from the nasal cavities within 1.0 s. The level of clearance in the nasal cavities increased by 1.8 ml/s for every 1.0 l/min increase in the rate of NHF. The study has demonstrated the fast-occurring clearance of nasal cavities by NHF therapy, which is capable of reducing of dead space rebreathing. |
| Author | Oliver, Eickelberg Meyer, Gabriele Schmid, Otmar Celik, Gülnaz Möller, Winfried Tatkov, Stanislav Feng, Sheng Bartenstein, Peter |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Winfried surname: Möller fullname: Möller, Winfried – sequence: 2 givenname: Gülnaz surname: Celik fullname: Celik, Gülnaz – sequence: 3 givenname: Sheng surname: Feng fullname: Feng, Sheng – sequence: 4 givenname: Peter surname: Bartenstein fullname: Bartenstein, Peter – sequence: 5 givenname: Gabriele surname: Meyer fullname: Meyer, Gabriele – sequence: 6 givenname: Eickelberg surname: Oliver fullname: Oliver, Eickelberg – sequence: 7 givenname: Otmar surname: Schmid fullname: Schmid, Otmar – sequence: 8 givenname: Stanislav surname: Tatkov fullname: Tatkov, Stanislav |
| BackLink | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25882385$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed |
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| Snippet | Recent studies showed that nasal high flow (NHF) with or without supplemental oxygen can assist ventilation of patients with chronic respiratory and sleep... |
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| SubjectTerms | Carbon Dioxide - metabolism Continuous Positive Airway Pressure Half-Life Humans Insufflation Krypton Radioisotopes Models, Anatomic Nasal Cavity - anatomy & histology Nasal Cavity - diagnostic imaging Nasal Cavity - physiology Radionuclide Imaging Respiratory Dead Space - physiology Respiratory Physiological Phenomena Tomography, X-Ray Computed |
| Title | Nasal high flow clears anatomical dead space in upper airway models |
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