CONRAD—A software framework for cone-beam imaging in radiology
Purpose: In the community of x-ray imaging, there is a multitude of tools and applications that are used in scientific practice. Many of these tools are proprietary and can only be used within a certain lab. Often the same algorithm is implemented multiple times by different groups in order to enabl...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Medical physics (Lancaster) Jg. 40; H. 11; S. 111914 - n/a |
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| Hauptverfasser: | , , , , , , , , , , , |
| Format: | Journal Article |
| Sprache: | Englisch |
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United States
American Association of Physicists in Medicine
01.11.2013
2013 Author(s) |
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| ISSN: | 0094-2405, 2473-4209, 2473-4209, 0094-2405 |
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| Abstract | Purpose:
In the community of x-ray imaging, there is a multitude of tools and applications that are used in scientific practice. Many of these tools are proprietary and can only be used within a certain lab. Often the same algorithm is implemented multiple times by different groups in order to enable comparison. In an effort to tackle this problem, the authors created CONRAD, a software framework that provides many of the tools that are required to simulate basic processes in x-ray imaging and perform image reconstruction with consideration of nonlinear physical effects.
Methods:
CONRAD is a Java-based state-of-the-art software platform with extensive documentation. It is based on platform-independent technologies. Special libraries offer access to hardware acceleration such as OpenCL. There is an easy-to-use interface for parallel processing. The software package includes different simulation tools that are able to generate up to 4D projection and volume data and respective vector motion fields. Well known reconstruction algorithms such as FBP, DBP, and ART are included. All algorithms in the package are referenced to a scientific source.
Results:
A total of 13 different phantoms and 30 processing steps have already been integrated into the platform at the time of writing. The platform comprises 74.000 nonblank lines of code out of which 19% are used for documentation. The software package is available for download athttp://conrad.stanford.edu. To demonstrate the use of the package, the authors reconstructed images from two different scanners, a table top system and a clinical C-arm system. Runtimes were evaluated using the RabbitCT platform and demonstrate state-of-the-art runtimes with 2.5 s for the 256 problem size and 12.4 s for the 512 problem size.
Conclusions:
As a common software framework, CONRAD enables the medical physics community to share algorithms and develop new ideas. In particular this offers new opportunities for scientific collaboration and quantitative performance comparison between the methods of different groups. |
|---|---|
| AbstractList | In the community of x-ray imaging, there is a multitude of tools and applications that are used in scientific practice. Many of these tools are proprietary and can only be used within a certain lab. Often the same algorithm is implemented multiple times by different groups in order to enable comparison. In an effort to tackle this problem, the authors created CONRAD, a software framework that provides many of the tools that are required to simulate basic processes in x-ray imaging and perform image reconstruction with consideration of nonlinear physical effects.
CONRAD is a Java-based state-of-the-art software platform with extensive documentation. It is based on platform-independent technologies. Special libraries offer access to hardware acceleration such as OpenCL. There is an easy-to-use interface for parallel processing. The software package includes different simulation tools that are able to generate up to 4D projection and volume data and respective vector motion fields. Well known reconstruction algorithms such as FBP, DBP, and ART are included. All algorithms in the package are referenced to a scientific source.
A total of 13 different phantoms and 30 processing steps have already been integrated into the platform at the time of writing. The platform comprises 74.000 nonblank lines of code out of which 19% are used for documentation. The software package is available for download at http://conrad.stanford.edu. To demonstrate the use of the package, the authors reconstructed images from two different scanners, a table top system and a clinical C-arm system. Runtimes were evaluated using the RabbitCT platform and demonstrate state-of-the-art runtimes with 2.5 s for the 256 problem size and 12.4 s for the 512 problem size.
As a common software framework, CONRAD enables the medical physics community to share algorithms and develop new ideas. In particular this offers new opportunities for scientific collaboration and quantitative performance comparison between the methods of different groups. Purpose: In the community of x-ray imaging, there is a multitude of tools and applications that are used in scientific practice. Many of these tools are proprietary and can only be used within a certain lab. Often the same algorithm is implemented multiple times by different groups in order to enable comparison. In an effort to tackle this problem, the authors created CONRAD, a software framework that provides many of the tools that are required to simulate basic processes in x-ray imaging and perform image reconstruction with consideration of nonlinear physical effects.Methods: CONRAD is a Java-based state-of-the-art software platform with extensive documentation. It is based on platform-independent technologies. Special libraries offer access to hardware acceleration such as OpenCL. There is an easy-to-use interface for parallel processing. The software package includes different simulation tools that are able to generate up to 4D projection and volume data and respective vector motion fields. Well known reconstruction algorithms such as FBP, DBP, and ART are included. All algorithms in the package are referenced to a scientific source.Results: A total of 13 different phantoms and 30 processing steps have already been integrated into the platform at the time of writing. The platform comprises 74.000 nonblank lines of code out of which 19% are used for documentation. The software package is available for download at http://conrad.stanford.edu. To demonstrate the use of the package, the authors reconstructed images from two different scanners, a table top system and a clinical C-arm system. Runtimes were evaluated using the RabbitCT platform and demonstrate state-of-the-art runtimes with 2.5 s for the 256 problem size and 12.4 s for the 512 problem size.Conclusions: As a common software framework, CONRAD enables the medical physics community to share algorithms and develop new ideas. In particular this offers new opportunities for scientific collaboration and quantitative performance comparison between the methods of different groups. Purpose: In the community of x‐ray imaging, there is a multitude of tools and applications that are used in scientific practice. Many of these tools are proprietary and can only be used within a certain lab. Often the same algorithm is implemented multiple times by different groups in order to enable comparison. In an effort to tackle this problem, the authors created CONRAD, a software framework that provides many of the tools that are required to simulate basic processes in x‐ray imaging and perform image reconstruction with consideration of nonlinear physical effects. Methods: CONRAD is a Java‐based state‐of‐the‐art software platform with extensive documentation. It is based on platform‐independent technologies. Special libraries offer access to hardware acceleration such as OpenCL. There is an easy‐to‐use interface for parallel processing. The software package includes different simulation tools that are able to generate up to 4D projection and volume data and respective vector motion fields. Well known reconstruction algorithms such as FBP, DBP, and ART are included. All algorithms in the package are referenced to a scientific source. Results: A total of 13 different phantoms and 30 processing steps have already been integrated into the platform at the time of writing. The platform comprises 74.000 nonblank lines of code out of which 19% are used for documentation. The software package is available for download athttp://conrad.stanford.edu. To demonstrate the use of the package, the authors reconstructed images from two different scanners, a table top system and a clinical C‐arm system. Runtimes were evaluated using the RabbitCT platform and demonstrate state‐of‐the‐art runtimes with 2.5 s for the 256 problem size and 12.4 s for the 512 problem size. Conclusions: As a common software framework, CONRAD enables the medical physics community to share algorithms and develop new ideas. In particular this offers new opportunities for scientific collaboration and quantitative performance comparison between the methods of different groups. In the community of x-ray imaging, there is a multitude of tools and applications that are used in scientific practice. Many of these tools are proprietary and can only be used within a certain lab. Often the same algorithm is implemented multiple times by different groups in order to enable comparison. In an effort to tackle this problem, the authors created CONRAD, a software framework that provides many of the tools that are required to simulate basic processes in x-ray imaging and perform image reconstruction with consideration of nonlinear physical effects.PURPOSEIn the community of x-ray imaging, there is a multitude of tools and applications that are used in scientific practice. Many of these tools are proprietary and can only be used within a certain lab. Often the same algorithm is implemented multiple times by different groups in order to enable comparison. In an effort to tackle this problem, the authors created CONRAD, a software framework that provides many of the tools that are required to simulate basic processes in x-ray imaging and perform image reconstruction with consideration of nonlinear physical effects.CONRAD is a Java-based state-of-the-art software platform with extensive documentation. It is based on platform-independent technologies. Special libraries offer access to hardware acceleration such as OpenCL. There is an easy-to-use interface for parallel processing. The software package includes different simulation tools that are able to generate up to 4D projection and volume data and respective vector motion fields. Well known reconstruction algorithms such as FBP, DBP, and ART are included. All algorithms in the package are referenced to a scientific source.METHODSCONRAD is a Java-based state-of-the-art software platform with extensive documentation. It is based on platform-independent technologies. Special libraries offer access to hardware acceleration such as OpenCL. There is an easy-to-use interface for parallel processing. The software package includes different simulation tools that are able to generate up to 4D projection and volume data and respective vector motion fields. Well known reconstruction algorithms such as FBP, DBP, and ART are included. All algorithms in the package are referenced to a scientific source.A total of 13 different phantoms and 30 processing steps have already been integrated into the platform at the time of writing. The platform comprises 74.000 nonblank lines of code out of which 19% are used for documentation. The software package is available for download at http://conrad.stanford.edu. To demonstrate the use of the package, the authors reconstructed images from two different scanners, a table top system and a clinical C-arm system. Runtimes were evaluated using the RabbitCT platform and demonstrate state-of-the-art runtimes with 2.5 s for the 256 problem size and 12.4 s for the 512 problem size.RESULTSA total of 13 different phantoms and 30 processing steps have already been integrated into the platform at the time of writing. The platform comprises 74.000 nonblank lines of code out of which 19% are used for documentation. The software package is available for download at http://conrad.stanford.edu. To demonstrate the use of the package, the authors reconstructed images from two different scanners, a table top system and a clinical C-arm system. Runtimes were evaluated using the RabbitCT platform and demonstrate state-of-the-art runtimes with 2.5 s for the 256 problem size and 12.4 s for the 512 problem size.As a common software framework, CONRAD enables the medical physics community to share algorithms and develop new ideas. In particular this offers new opportunities for scientific collaboration and quantitative performance comparison between the methods of different groups.CONCLUSIONSAs a common software framework, CONRAD enables the medical physics community to share algorithms and develop new ideas. In particular this offers new opportunities for scientific collaboration and quantitative performance comparison between the methods of different groups. |
| Author | Hofmann, Hannes G. Keil, Andreas Choi, Jang-Hwan Hornegger, Joachim Müller, Kerstin Maier, Andreas Schwemmer, Chris Fischer, Peter Wu, Haibo Riess, Christian Berger, Martin Fahrig, Rebecca |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Andreas surname: Maier fullname: Maier, Andreas email: andreas.maier@cs.fau.de organization: Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305 – sequence: 2 givenname: Hannes G. surname: Hofmann fullname: Hofmann, Hannes G. organization: Pattern Recognition Laboratory, Department of Computer Science, Friedrich-Alexander University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen 91058, Germany – sequence: 3 givenname: Martin surname: Berger fullname: Berger, Martin organization: Pattern Recognition Laboratory, Department of Computer Science, Friedrich-Alexander University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen 91058, Germany – sequence: 4 givenname: Peter surname: Fischer fullname: Fischer, Peter organization: Erlangen Graduate School in Advanced Optical Technologies (SAOT), Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg Pattern Recognition Laboratory, Department of Computer Science, Friedrich-Alexander University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen 91058, Germany – sequence: 5 givenname: Chris surname: Schwemmer fullname: Schwemmer, Chris organization: Erlangen Graduate School in Advanced Optical Technologies (SAOT), Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg Pattern Recognition Laboratory, Department of Computer Science, Friedrich-Alexander University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen 91058, Germany – sequence: 6 givenname: Haibo surname: Wu fullname: Wu, Haibo organization: Erlangen Graduate School in Advanced Optical Technologies (SAOT), Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg Pattern Recognition Laboratory, Department of Computer Science, Friedrich-Alexander University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen 91058, Germany – sequence: 7 givenname: Kerstin surname: Müller fullname: Müller, Kerstin organization: Erlangen Graduate School in Advanced Optical Technologies (SAOT), Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg Pattern Recognition Laboratory, Department of Computer Science, Friedrich-Alexander University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen 91058, Germany – sequence: 8 givenname: Joachim surname: Hornegger fullname: Hornegger, Joachim organization: Erlangen Graduate School in Advanced Optical Technologies (SAOT), Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg Pattern Recognition Laboratory, Department of Computer Science, Friedrich-Alexander University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen 91058, Germany – sequence: 9 givenname: Jang-Hwan surname: Choi fullname: Choi, Jang-Hwan organization: Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305 – sequence: 10 givenname: Christian surname: Riess fullname: Riess, Christian organization: Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305 – sequence: 11 givenname: Andreas surname: Keil fullname: Keil, Andreas organization: Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305 – sequence: 12 givenname: Rebecca surname: Fahrig fullname: Fahrig, Rebecca organization: Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305 |
| BackLink | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24320447$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed https://www.osti.gov/biblio/22220267$$D View this record in Osti.gov |
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| Copyright | Author(s) 2013 The Authors. Published by American Association of Physicists in Medicine and John Wiley & Sons Ltd. Copyright © 2013 2013 Author(s). 2013 2013 Author(s). |
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| Keywords | software frameworks cone-beam open-source hardware acceleration GPU C-arm computed tomography (CT) |
| Language | English |
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In the community of x-ray imaging, there is a multitude of tools and applications that are used in scientific practice. Many of these tools are... Purpose: In the community of x‐ray imaging, there is a multitude of tools and applications that are used in scientific practice. Many of these tools are... In the community of x-ray imaging, there is a multitude of tools and applications that are used in scientific practice. Many of these tools are proprietary and... Purpose: In the community of x-ray imaging, there is a multitude of tools and applications that are used in scientific practice. Many of these tools are... |
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| SubjectTerms | ALGORITHMS Biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Haemocytometers BIOMEDICAL RADIOGRAPHY Computed radiography Computed tomography COMPUTER CODES Computer Graphics Computer Simulation Computer software Computerised tomographs computerised tomography COMPUTERIZED TOMOGRAPHY Computers Cone-Beam Computed Tomography cone‐beam C‐arm computed tomography (CT) diagnostic radiography Digital computing or data processing equipment or methods, specially adapted for specific applications Equipment Design Four-Dimensional Computed Tomography GPU hardware acceleration Humans Image data processing or generation, in general IMAGE PROCESSING Image Processing, Computer-Assisted image reconstruction Image sensors Java Medical image noise medical image processing Medical image reconstruction Medical imaging Medical X‐ray imaging Motion open‐source PARALLEL PROCESSING PHANTOMS Phantoms, Imaging Programming Languages Radiation Imaging Physics Radiographic Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted - methods RADIOLOGY AND NUCLEAR MEDICINE Reconstruction Software software frameworks software packages User interfaces User-Computer Interface X RADIATION X‐ray imaging X‐ray scattering |
| Title | CONRAD—A software framework for cone-beam imaging in radiology |
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