Inverse coupling between ultradian oscillations in delta wave activity and heart rate variability during sleep

Objective: We investigate the relationship between changes in heart rate variability and electroencephalographic (EEG) activity during sleep. Method: Nine male subjects with regular non-rapid-eye movement-rapid-eye movement (NREM-REM) sleep cycles were included in the study. They underwent EEG and c...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Clinical neurophysiology Vol. 112; no. 6; pp. 992 - 996
Main Authors: Brandenberger, Gabrielle, Ehrhart, Jean, Piquard, François, Simon, Chantal
Format: Journal Article Conference Proceeding
Language:English
Published: Shannon Elsevier Ireland Ltd 01.06.2001
Elsevier Science
Subjects:
Activity Cycles - physiology
Adult
Analysis of Variance
Biological and medical sciences
Delta Rhythm - methods
Electroencephalographic activity
Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
Heart Rate - physiology
Heart rate variability
Humans
Sleep
Sleep Stages - physiology
Sleep. Vigilance
Sympathovagal balance
Ultradian rhythm
Vertebrates: nervous system and sense organs
Sympathovagal balance
Sleep
Electroencephalographic activity
Heart rate variability
Ultradian rhythm
Human
Sleep stage
Variability
Central nervous system
Electroencephalography
Rapid eye movement sleep
Slow wave sleep
Heart rate
Oscillation
Sleep wake cycle
Brain (vertebrata)
ISSN:1388-2457, 1872-8952
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Summary:Objective: We investigate the relationship between changes in heart rate variability and electroencephalographic (EEG) activity during sleep. Method: Nine male subjects with regular non-rapid-eye movement-rapid-eye movement (NREM-REM) sleep cycles were included in the study. They underwent EEG and cardiac recordings during one experimental night. Heart rate variability was determined over 5-min periods by the ratio of low frequency to low frequency plus high frequency power [LF/(LF+HF)] calculated using spectral analysis of R-R intervals. EEG spectra were analyzed using a fast Fourier transform algorithm. Results: We found an ultradian 80–120 min rhythm in the LF/(LF+HF) ratio, with high levels during rapid eye movement (REM) sleep and low levels during slow wave sleep (SWS). During sleep stage 2 there was a progressive decrease in the transition from REM sleep to SWS, and an abrupt increase from SWS to REM sleep. These oscillations were significantly coupled in a ‘mirror-image’ to the overnight oscillations in delta wave activity, which reflect sleep deepening and lightening. Cardiac changes preceded EEG changes by about 5 min. Conclusions: These findings demonstrate the existence of an inverse coupling between oscillations in delta wave activity and heart rate variability. They indicate a non-uniformity in sleep stage 2 that underlies ultradian sleep regulation.
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ISSN:1388-2457
1872-8952
DOI:10.1016/S1388-2457(01)00507-7