Advances and novel developments in environmental influences on the development of atopic diseases

Although genetic factors play a role in the etiology of atopic disease, the rapid increases in the prevalence of these diseases over the last few decades suggest that environmental, rather than genetic factors are the driving force behind the increasing prevalence. In modern societies, there is incr...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Allergy (Copenhagen) Vol. 75; no. 12; pp. 3077 - 3086
Main Authors: Alkotob, Shifaa Suhayl, Cannedy, Cade, Harter, Katharina, Movassagh, Hesam, Paudel, Bibek, Prunicki, Mary, Sampath, Vanitha, Schikowski, Tamara, Smith, Eric, Zhao, Qi, Traidl‐Hoffmann, Claudia, Nadeau, Kari C.
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: Denmark Blackwell Publishing Ltd 01.12.2020
Subjects:
Allergens
Allergic diseases
Allergies
allergy
Animals
Antibiotics
atopic disease
Atopy
Detergents
environment
Environmental Exposure - adverse effects
Environmental factors
Environmental health
Environmental Pollutants
Etiology
exposome
Food allergies
Food consumption
Food processing
Genetic factors
Hypersensitivity - epidemiology
Hypersensitivity - etiology
Immune system
Pets
Pollutants
pollution
Prevalence
Processed foods
Risk Factors
Skin diseases
Soaps
Tobacco
Urbanization
allergy
environment
atopic disease
pollution
exposome
ISSN:0105-4538, 1398-9995, 1398-9995
Online Access:Get full text
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Summary:Although genetic factors play a role in the etiology of atopic disease, the rapid increases in the prevalence of these diseases over the last few decades suggest that environmental, rather than genetic factors are the driving force behind the increasing prevalence. In modern societies, there is increased time spent indoors, use of antibiotics, and consumption of processed foods and decreased contact with farm animals and pets, which limit exposure to environmental allergens, infectious parasitic worms, and microbes. The lack of exposure to these factors is thought to prevent proper education and training of the immune system. Increased industrialization and urbanization have brought about increases in organic and inorganic pollutants. In addition, Caesarian birth, birth order, increased use of soaps and detergents, tobacco smoke exposure and psychosomatic factors are other factors that have been associated with increased rate of allergic diseases. Here, we review current knowledge on the environmental factors that have been shown to affect the development of allergic diseases and the recent developments in the field.
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Author Contributions: All authors contributed to the writing and review of the manuscript.
ISSN:0105-4538
1398-9995
1398-9995
DOI:10.1111/all.14624