Lyme borreliosis incidence in Lombardy, Italy (2000–2015): Spatiotemporal analysis and environmental risk factors

Lyme borreliosis cases have been reported from Lombardy in northern Italy, where Ixodes ricinus is the main vector of Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato. However, spatial and temporal variation in the incidence of Lyme borreliosis is not well understood. In the present study, based on new notified case...

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Veröffentlicht in:Ticks and tick-borne diseases Jg. 10; H. 6; S. 101257
Hauptverfasser: Zanzani, Sergio A., Rimoldi, Sara G., Manfredi, MariaTeresa, Grande, Romualdo, Gazzonis, Alessia L., Merli, Stefania, Olivieri, Emanuela, Giacomet, Vania, Antinori, Spinello, Cislaghi, Giuliana, Bestetti, Giovanna, Nan, Katiuscia, Sala, Vittorio, Gismondo, Maria R., Atzori, Chiara, De Faveri, Eleonora
Format: Journal Article
Sprache:Englisch
Veröffentlicht: Netherlands Elsevier GmbH 01.10.2019
Schlagworte:
Adolescent
Adult
Aged
Aged, 80 and over
bacterial diseases of plants
Borrelia burgdorferi
Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato
Child
Child, Preschool
data collection
economic resources
Environment
environmental factors
Environmental risk factors
Epidemiology
factor analysis
Female
forests
georeferencing
Humans
Incidence
Infant
Italy
Italy - epidemiology
Ixodes ricinus
land cover
Lyme borreliosis incidence
Lyme disease
Lyme Disease - epidemiology
Lyme Disease - microbiology
Male
meadows
Middle Aged
pets
plant pathogenic bacteria
relative risk
Retrospective Studies
Risk
Risk Factors
Spatial analysis
Spatio-Temporal Analysis
taxonomy
temporal variation
tick bites
ticks
wildland-urban interface
Young Adult
Italy
Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato
Spatial analysis
Environmental risk factors
Lyme borreliosis incidence
Epidemiology
ISSN:1877-959X, 1877-9603, 1877-9603
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Zusammenfassung:Lyme borreliosis cases have been reported from Lombardy in northern Italy, where Ixodes ricinus is the main vector of Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato. However, spatial and temporal variation in the incidence of Lyme borreliosis is not well understood. In the present study, based on new notified cases of Lyme borreliosis from 2000 to 2015, an average of 1.24 new cases per million residents per year was documented. New cases, georeferenced at the municipal level, were analyzed by retrospective space-time analysis (using SaTScan v. 9.3.1); and land cover, extrapolated from a Corine Land Cover dataset (using QGIS 2.8.1), was used to implement an environmental risk factor analysis. Firstly, a temporal high-risk cluster was detected in Lombardy: the relative risk of Lyme borreliosis was 3.73 times higher during 2008–2015 compared with the entire study period. Moreover, in a spatiotemporal high-risk cluster with a circular base, land cover consisting of wildland-urban interface, meadow, forest and meadow-forest transition were significantly higher compared to low-risk areas. Results of the present study demonstrate that the incidence of Lyme borreliosis is increasing in Lombardy and that environmental conditions are suitable for I. ricinus ticks infected with B. burgdorferi s.l.: citizens and health systems should be aware of Lyme borreliosis to reduce tick bites with personal protective behaviors and to avoid misdiagnosis, particularly within the area including the observed high-risk cluster. Economic resources should be invested to inform about methods to prevent tick bites, how to check people and pets after frequenting risk areas, and ways of removing the biting ticks when they are found.
Bibliographie:ObjectType-Article-1
SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1
ObjectType-Feature-2
content type line 23
ISSN:1877-959X
1877-9603
1877-9603
DOI:10.1016/j.ttbdis.2019.07.001