Land management explains major trends in forest structure and composition over the last millennium in California's Klamath Mountains

SignificanceWe provide the first assessment of aboveground live tree biomass in a mixed conifer forest over the late Holocene. The biomass record, coupled with local Native oral history and fire scar records, shows that Native burning practices, along with a natural lightning-based fire regime, prom...

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Published in:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences - PNAS Vol. 119; no. 12; p. e2116264119
Main Authors: Knight, Clarke A, Anderson, Lysanna, Bunting, M Jane, Champagne, Marie, Clayburn, Rosie M, Crawford, Jeffrey N, Klimaszewski-Patterson, Anna, Knapp, Eric E, Lake, Frank K, Mensing, Scott A, Wahl, David, Wanket, James, Watts-Tobin, Alex, Potts, Matthew D, Battles, John J
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: United States 22.03.2022
Subjects:
California
Conservation of Natural Resources
Fires
Forests
Humans
Trees
California
forest biomass
Indigenous management
land use
restoration
carbon policy
ISSN:1091-6490, 1091-6490
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Abstract SignificanceWe provide the first assessment of aboveground live tree biomass in a mixed conifer forest over the late Holocene. The biomass record, coupled with local Native oral history and fire scar records, shows that Native burning practices, along with a natural lightning-based fire regime, promoted long-term stability of the forest structure and composition for at least 1 millennium in a California forest. This record demonstrates that climate alone cannot account for observed forest conditions. Instead, forests were also shaped by a regime of frequent fire, including intentional ignitions by Native people. This work suggests a large-scale intervention could be required to achieve the historical conditions that supported forest resiliency and reflected Indigenous influence.
AbstractList SignificanceWe provide the first assessment of aboveground live tree biomass in a mixed conifer forest over the late Holocene. The biomass record, coupled with local Native oral history and fire scar records, shows that Native burning practices, along with a natural lightning-based fire regime, promoted long-term stability of the forest structure and composition for at least 1 millennium in a California forest. This record demonstrates that climate alone cannot account for observed forest conditions. Instead, forests were also shaped by a regime of frequent fire, including intentional ignitions by Native people. This work suggests a large-scale intervention could be required to achieve the historical conditions that supported forest resiliency and reflected Indigenous influence.
SignificanceWe provide the first assessment of aboveground live tree biomass in a mixed conifer forest over the late Holocene. The biomass record, coupled with local Native oral history and fire scar records, shows that Native burning practices, along with a natural lightning-based fire regime, promoted long-term stability of the forest structure and composition for at least 1 millennium in a California forest. This record demonstrates that climate alone cannot account for observed forest conditions. Instead, forests were also shaped by a regime of frequent fire, including intentional ignitions by Native people. This work suggests a large-scale intervention could be required to achieve the historical conditions that supported forest resiliency and reflected Indigenous influence.SignificanceWe provide the first assessment of aboveground live tree biomass in a mixed conifer forest over the late Holocene. The biomass record, coupled with local Native oral history and fire scar records, shows that Native burning practices, along with a natural lightning-based fire regime, promoted long-term stability of the forest structure and composition for at least 1 millennium in a California forest. This record demonstrates that climate alone cannot account for observed forest conditions. Instead, forests were also shaped by a regime of frequent fire, including intentional ignitions by Native people. This work suggests a large-scale intervention could be required to achieve the historical conditions that supported forest resiliency and reflected Indigenous influence.
Author Wahl, David
Anderson, Lysanna
Klimaszewski-Patterson, Anna
Knight, Clarke A
Champagne, Marie
Crawford, Jeffrey N
Watts-Tobin, Alex
Lake, Frank K
Mensing, Scott A
Potts, Matthew D
Clayburn, Rosie M
Wanket, James
Bunting, M Jane
Knapp, Eric E
Battles, John J
Author_xml – sequence: 1
  givenname: Clarke A
  orcidid: 0000-0003-0002-6959
  surname: Knight
  fullname: Knight, Clarke A
  organization: Department of Environmental Science, Policy, and Management, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720
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  givenname: Lysanna
  surname: Anderson
  fullname: Anderson, Lysanna
  organization: US Geological Survey, Menlo Park, CA 94025
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  givenname: M Jane
  orcidid: 0000-0002-3152-5745
  surname: Bunting
  fullname: Bunting, M Jane
  organization: Department of Geography, Geology and Environment, University of Hull, Hull HU6 7RX, United Kingdom
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  givenname: Marie
  orcidid: 0000-0001-8236-3910
  surname: Champagne
  fullname: Champagne, Marie
  organization: US Geological Survey, Menlo Park, CA 94025
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  givenname: Rosie M
  surname: Clayburn
  fullname: Clayburn, Rosie M
  organization: The Yurok Tribe's Cultural Resources Manager, Klamath, CA 95548
– sequence: 6
  givenname: Jeffrey N
  surname: Crawford
  fullname: Crawford, Jeffrey N
  organization: USDA Forest Service, Deschutes National Forest, Bend, OR 97701
– sequence: 7
  givenname: Anna
  surname: Klimaszewski-Patterson
  fullname: Klimaszewski-Patterson, Anna
  organization: Department of Geography, California State University, Sacramento, CA 95819
– sequence: 8
  givenname: Eric E
  surname: Knapp
  fullname: Knapp, Eric E
  organization: Pacific Southwest Research Station, USDA Forest Service, Redding, CA 96002
– sequence: 9
  givenname: Frank K
  surname: Lake
  fullname: Lake, Frank K
  organization: Pacific Southwest Research Station, USDA Forest Service, Arcata, CA 95521
– sequence: 10
  givenname: Scott A
  surname: Mensing
  fullname: Mensing, Scott A
  organization: Department of Geography, University of Nevada, Reno, NV 89557
– sequence: 11
  givenname: David
  surname: Wahl
  fullname: Wahl, David
  organization: Department of Geography, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720
– sequence: 12
  givenname: James
  orcidid: 0000-0002-7018-4154
  surname: Wanket
  fullname: Wanket, James
  organization: Department of Geography, California State University, Sacramento, CA 95819
– sequence: 13
  givenname: Alex
  surname: Watts-Tobin
  fullname: Watts-Tobin, Alex
  organization: The Karuk Tribe's Department of Natural Resources, Orleans, CA 95556
– sequence: 14
  givenname: Matthew D
  orcidid: 0000-0001-7442-3944
  surname: Potts
  fullname: Potts, Matthew D
  organization: Department of Environmental Science, Policy, and Management, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720
– sequence: 15
  givenname: John J
  orcidid: 0000-0001-7124-7893
  surname: Battles
  fullname: Battles, John J
  organization: Department of Environmental Science, Policy, and Management, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720
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Indigenous management
land use
restoration
carbon policy
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Conservation of Natural Resources
Fires
Forests
Humans
Trees
Title Land management explains major trends in forest structure and composition over the last millennium in California's Klamath Mountains
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