Sarcopenia and Heart Failure

Modifications of lean mass are a frequent critical determinant in the pathophysiology and progression of heart failure (HF). Sarcopenia may be considered one of the most important causes of low physical performance and reduced cardiorespiratory fitness in older patients with HF. Sarcopenia is freque...

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Veröffentlicht in:Nutrients Jg. 12; H. 1; S. 211
Hauptverfasser: Curcio, Francesco, Testa, Gianluca, Liguori, Ilaria, Papillo, Martina, Flocco, Veronica, Panicara, Veronica, Galizia, Gianluigi, Della-Morte, David, Gargiulo, Gaetano, Cacciatore, Francesco, Bonaduce, Domenico, Landi, Francesco, Abete, Pasquale
Format: Journal Article
Sprache:Englisch
Veröffentlicht: Switzerland MDPI AG 14.01.2020
MDPI
Schlagworte:
Age
Apoptosis
Atrophy
cachexia
cardiorespiratory fitness
Edema
Ejection fraction
Exercise
exhibitions
Gene expression
Growth hormones
Heart failure
hypertrophy
Insulin-like growth factors
Malnutrition
mass
Musculoskeletal system
myocardium
nutrients
nutritional intervention
Oxidative stress
Pathophysiology
patients
physical activity
prognosis
Proteins
Review
Sarcopenia
heart failure
malnutrition
elderly
cachexia
physical activity
sarcopenia
ISSN:2072-6643, 2072-6643
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Zusammenfassung:Modifications of lean mass are a frequent critical determinant in the pathophysiology and progression of heart failure (HF). Sarcopenia may be considered one of the most important causes of low physical performance and reduced cardiorespiratory fitness in older patients with HF. Sarcopenia is frequently misdiagnosed as cachexia. However, muscle wasting in HF has different pathogenetic features in sarcopenic and cachectic conditions. HF may induce sarcopenia through common pathogenetic pathways such as hormonal changes, malnutrition, and physical inactivity; mechanisms that influence each other. In the opposite way, sarcopenia may favor HF development by different mechanisms, including pathological ergoreflex. Paradoxically, sarcopenia is not associated with a sarcopenic cardiac muscle, but the cardiac muscle shows a hypertrophy which seems to be “not-functional.” First-line agents for the treatment of HF, physical activity and nutritional interventions, may offer a therapeutic advantage in sarcopenic patients irrespective of HF. Thus, sarcopenia is highly prevalent in patients with HF, contributing to its poor prognosis, and both conditions could benefit from common treatment strategies based on pharmacological, physical activity, and nutritional approaches.
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ISSN:2072-6643
2072-6643
DOI:10.3390/nu12010211