Critical assessment and ramifications of a purported marine trophic cascade
When identifying potential trophic cascades, it is important to clearly establish the trophic linkages between predators and prey with respect to temporal abundance, demographics, distribution and diet. In the northwest Atlantic Ocean, the depletion of large coastal sharks was thought to trigger a t...
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| Published in: | Scientific reports Vol. 6; no. 1; p. 20970 |
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| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , |
| Format: | Journal Article |
| Language: | English |
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Nature Publishing Group UK
15.02.2016
Nature Publishing Group |
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| ISSN: | 2045-2322, 2045-2322 |
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| Abstract | When identifying potential trophic cascades, it is important to clearly establish the trophic linkages between predators and prey with respect to temporal abundance, demographics, distribution and diet. In the northwest Atlantic Ocean, the depletion of large coastal sharks was thought to trigger a trophic cascade whereby predation release resulted in increased cownose ray abundance, which then caused increased predation on and subsequent collapse of commercial bivalve stocks. These claims were used to justify the development of a predator-control fishery for cownose rays, the “Save the Bay, Eat a Ray” fishery, to reduce predation on commercial bivalves. A reexamination of data suggests declines in large coastal sharks did not coincide with purported rapid increases in cownose ray abundance. Likewise, the increase in cownose ray abundance did not coincide with declines in commercial bivalves. The lack of temporal correlations coupled with published diet data suggest the purported trophic cascade is lacking the empirical linkages required of a trophic cascade. Furthermore, the life history parameters of cownose rays suggest they have low reproductive potential and their populations are incapable of rapid increases. Hypothesized trophic cascades should be closely scrutinized as spurious conclusions may negatively influence conservation and management decisions. |
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| AbstractList | When identifying potential trophic cascades, it is important to clearly establish the trophic linkages between predators and prey with respect to temporal abundance, demographics, distribution and diet. In the northwest Atlantic Ocean, the depletion of large coastal sharks was thought to trigger a trophic cascade whereby predation release resulted in increased cownose ray abundance, which then caused increased predation on and subsequent collapse of commercial bivalve stocks. These claims were used to justify the development of a predator-control fishery for cownose rays, the “Save the Bay, Eat a Ray” fishery, to reduce predation on commercial bivalves. A reexamination of data suggests declines in large coastal sharks did not coincide with purported rapid increases in cownose ray abundance. Likewise, the increase in cownose ray abundance did not coincide with declines in commercial bivalves. The lack of temporal correlations coupled with published diet data suggest the purported trophic cascade is lacking the empirical linkages required of a trophic cascade. Furthermore, the life history parameters of cownose rays suggest they have low reproductive potential and their populations are incapable of rapid increases. Hypothesized trophic cascades should be closely scrutinized as spurious conclusions may negatively influence conservation and management decisions. When identifying potential trophic cascades, it is important to clearly establish the trophic linkages between predators and prey with respect to temporal abundance, demographics, distribution, and diet. In the northwest Atlantic Ocean, the depletion of large coastal sharks was thought to trigger a trophic cascade whereby predation release resulted in increased cownose ray abundance, which then caused increased predation on and subsequent collapse of commercial bivalve stocks. These claims were used to justify the development of a predator-control fishery for cownose rays, the "Save the Bay, Eat a Ray" fishery, to reduce predation on commercial bivalves. A reexamination of data suggests declines in large coastal sharks did not coincide with purported rapid increases in cownose ray abundance. Likewise, the increase in cownose ray abundance did not coincide with declines in commercial bivalves. The lack of temporal correlations coupled with published diet data suggest the purported trophic cascade is lacking the empirical linkages required of a trophic cascade. Furthermore, the life history parameters of cownose rays suggest they have low reproductive potential and their populations are incapable of rapid increases. Hypothesized trophic cascades should be closely scrutinized as spurious conclusions may negatively influence conservation and management decisions.When identifying potential trophic cascades, it is important to clearly establish the trophic linkages between predators and prey with respect to temporal abundance, demographics, distribution, and diet. In the northwest Atlantic Ocean, the depletion of large coastal sharks was thought to trigger a trophic cascade whereby predation release resulted in increased cownose ray abundance, which then caused increased predation on and subsequent collapse of commercial bivalve stocks. These claims were used to justify the development of a predator-control fishery for cownose rays, the "Save the Bay, Eat a Ray" fishery, to reduce predation on commercial bivalves. A reexamination of data suggests declines in large coastal sharks did not coincide with purported rapid increases in cownose ray abundance. Likewise, the increase in cownose ray abundance did not coincide with declines in commercial bivalves. The lack of temporal correlations coupled with published diet data suggest the purported trophic cascade is lacking the empirical linkages required of a trophic cascade. Furthermore, the life history parameters of cownose rays suggest they have low reproductive potential and their populations are incapable of rapid increases. Hypothesized trophic cascades should be closely scrutinized as spurious conclusions may negatively influence conservation and management decisions. |
| ArticleNumber | 20970 |
| Author | Grubbs, R. Dean McCandless, Camilla T. Romine, Jason G. Carlson, John K. Curtis, Tobey H. McElroy, W. David Musick, John A. Cotton, Charles F. |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: R. Dean surname: Grubbs fullname: Grubbs, R. Dean organization: Florida State University Coastal and Marine Laboratory – sequence: 2 givenname: John K. surname: Carlson fullname: Carlson, John K. organization: NOAA/National Marine Fisheries Service, Southeast Fisheries Science Center – sequence: 3 givenname: Jason G. surname: Romine fullname: Romine, Jason G. organization: U.S. Geological Survey, Western Fisheries Research Center, Columbia River Research Laboratory – sequence: 4 givenname: Tobey H. surname: Curtis fullname: Curtis, Tobey H. organization: NOAA/National Marine Fisheries Service, Greater Atlantic Regional Fisheries Office – sequence: 5 givenname: W. David surname: McElroy fullname: McElroy, W. David organization: NOAA/National Marine Fisheries Service, Northeast Fisheries Science Center – sequence: 6 givenname: Camilla T. surname: McCandless fullname: McCandless, Camilla T. organization: NOAA/National Marine Fisheries Service, Northeast Fisheries Science Center – sequence: 7 givenname: Charles F. surname: Cotton fullname: Cotton, Charles F. organization: Florida State University Coastal and Marine Laboratory – sequence: 8 givenname: John A. surname: Musick fullname: Musick, John A. organization: Virginia Institute of Marine Science |
| BackLink | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26876514$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed |
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| Snippet | When identifying potential trophic cascades, it is important to clearly establish the trophic linkages between predators and prey with respect to temporal... |
| SourceID | pubmedcentral proquest pubmed crossref springer |
| SourceType | Open Access Repository Aggregation Database Index Database Enrichment Source Publisher |
| StartPage | 20970 |
| SubjectTerms | 704/158 704/158/853/2006 Abundance Animals Atlantic Ocean Bivalvia - physiology Demography Ecosystem Feeding Behavior Fisheries Food Chain Humanities and Social Sciences Life history Mollusks multidisciplinary Population Dynamics Predation Predators Predatory Behavior Prey Reproduction Science Sharks Sharks - physiology Shellfish Skates (Fish) - physiology Sustainable fisheries |
| Title | Critical assessment and ramifications of a purported marine trophic cascade |
| URI | https://link.springer.com/article/10.1038/srep20970 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26876514 https://www.proquest.com/docview/1899037952 https://www.proquest.com/docview/1765919452 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/PMC4753470 |
| Volume | 6 |
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