Molecular digital data storage using DNA

Molecular data storage is an attractive alternative for dense and durable information storage, which is sorely needed to deal with the growing gap between information production and the ability to store data. DNA is a clear example of effective archival data storage in molecular form. In this Review...

Full description

Saved in:

Bibliographic Details
Published in:	Nature reviews. Genetics Vol. 20; no. 8; pp. 456 - 466
Main Authors:	Ceze, Luis, Nivala, Jeff, Strauss, Karin
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	London Nature Publishing Group UK 01.08.2019 Nature Publishing Group
Subjects:	631/208/514/1948 631/337/151/1431 631/553/2720 631/92/147 639/301/1005/1008 639/925/926/1047 Agriculture Analysis Animal Genetics and Genomics Animals Biomedical and Life Sciences Biomedicine Biotechnology Biotechnology - methods Cancer Research Deoxyribonucleic acid DNA DNA - genetics DNA sequencing Gene expression Gene Function Human Genetics Humans Information storage Information storage and retrieval Information Storage and Retrieval - methods Nucleotide sequencing Review Article
ISSN:	1471-0056, 1471-0064, 1471-0064
Online Access:	Get full text
Tags:	Add Tag No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!

Abstract	Molecular data storage is an attractive alternative for dense and durable information storage, which is sorely needed to deal with the growing gap between information production and the ability to store data. DNA is a clear example of effective archival data storage in molecular form. In this Review, we provide an overview of the process, the state of the art in this area and challenges for mainstream adoption. We also survey the field of in vivo molecular memory systems that record and store information within the DNA of living cells, which, together with in vitro DNA data storage, lie at the growing intersection of computer systems and biotechnology. Throughout evolution, DNA has been the primary medium of biological information storage. In this article, Ceze, Nivala and Strauss discuss how DNA can be adopted as a storage medium for custom data, as a potential future complement to current data storage media such as computer hard disks, optical disks and tape. They discuss strategies for coding, decoding and error correction and give examples of implementation both in vitro and in vivo.
AbstractList	Molecular data storage is an attractive alternative for dense and durable information storage, which is sorely needed to deal with the growing gap between information production and the ability to store data. DNA is a clear example of effective archival data storage in molecular form. In this Review, we provide an overview of the process, the state of the art in this area and challenges for mainstream adoption. We also survey the field of in vivo molecular memory systems that record and store information within the DNA of living cells, which, together with in vitro DNA data storage, lie at the growing intersection of computer systems and biotechnology. Molecular data storage is an attractive alternative for dense and durable information storage, which is sorely needed to deal with the growing gap between information production and the ability to store data. DNA is a clear example of effective archival data storage in molecular form. In this Review, we provide an overview of the process, the state of the art in this area and challenges for mainstream adoption. We also survey the field of in vivo molecular memory systems that record and store information within the DNA of living cells, which, together with in vitro DNA data storage, lie at the growing intersection of computer systems and biotechnology. Throughout evolution, DNA has been the primary medium of biological information storage. In this article, Ceze, Nivala and Strauss discuss how DNA can be adopted as a storage medium for custom data, as a potential future complement to current data storage media such as computer hard disks, optical disks and tape. They discuss strategies for coding, decoding and error correction and give examples of implementation both in vitro and in vivo. Molecular data storage is an attractive alternative for dense and durable information storage, which is sorely needed to deal with the growing gap between information production and the ability to store data. DNA is a clear example of effective archival data storage in molecular form. In this Review, we provide an overview of the process, the state of the art in this area and challenges for mainstream adoption. We also survey the field of in vivo molecular memory systems that record and store information within the DNA of living cells, which, together with in vitro DNA data storage, lie at the growing intersection of computer systems and biotechnology.Molecular data storage is an attractive alternative for dense and durable information storage, which is sorely needed to deal with the growing gap between information production and the ability to store data. DNA is a clear example of effective archival data storage in molecular form. In this Review, we provide an overview of the process, the state of the art in this area and challenges for mainstream adoption. We also survey the field of in vivo molecular memory systems that record and store information within the DNA of living cells, which, together with in vitro DNA data storage, lie at the growing intersection of computer systems and biotechnology. Molecular data storage is an attractive alternative for dense and durable information storage, which is sorely needed to deal with the growing gap between information production and the ability to store data. DNA is a clear example of effective archival data storage in molecular form. In this Review, we provide an overview of the process, the state of the art in this area and challenges for mainstream adoption. We also survey the field of in vivo molecular memory systems that record and store information within the DNA of living cells, which, together with in vitro DNA data storage, lie at the growing intersection of computer systems and biotechnology.Throughout evolution, DNA has been the primary medium of biological information storage. In this article, Ceze, Nivala and Strauss discuss how DNA can be adopted as a storage medium for custom data, as a potential future complement to current data storage media such as computer hard disks, optical disks and tape. They discuss strategies for coding, decoding and error correction and give examples of implementation both in vitro and in vivo.
Audience	Academic
Author	Strauss, Karin Ceze, Luis Nivala, Jeff
Author_xml	– sequence: 1 givenname: Luis orcidid: 0000-0002-1377-6217 surname: Ceze fullname: Ceze, Luis email: luisceze@cs.washington.edu organization: Paul G. Allen School of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Washington – sequence: 2 givenname: Jeff orcidid: 0000-0002-8210-5417 surname: Nivala fullname: Nivala, Jeff organization: Paul G. Allen School of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Washington – sequence: 3 givenname: Karin surname: Strauss fullname: Strauss, Karin organization: Paul G. Allen School of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Washington, Microsoft Research
BackLink	https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31068682$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed
BookMark	eNp9kltrFTEUhYNU7EV_gC8yIEh9mJqd20weD_VWqApenkNOJpmm5ExqkgH775vhtNZTVEJICN9a7Oy9DtHeFCeL0HPAJ4Bp_yYz4J1oMci6CW_pI3QArIMWY8H2ft-52EeHOV9iDAI6-gTtU8CiFz05QMefYrBmDjo1gx990aEZdNFNLjHp0TZz9tPYvP28eooeOx2yfXZ7HqEf7999P_3Ynn_5cHa6Om8Nx6y0a8eM63vJrYCBcEYsCCa5tmA7Rhl3UmNnoJdD55iWAyPAYS0o0F5jcIQeoeOt71WKP2ebi9r4bGwIerJxzooQCpJTgnlFXz5AL-OcplpdpbikHED099Sog1V-crEkbRZTtaqQkFIKWqmTv1B1DXbjTW278_V9R_B6R1CZYn-VUc85q7NvX3fZV3-wF1aHcpFjmIuPU94FX9z-aF5v7KCukt_odK3u5lWBbguYFHNO1ilTZ7b41HJ9UIDVkgy1TYaqyVBLMtRiDQ-Ud-b_05CtJld2Gm26b_C_RTc088MR
CitedBy_id	crossref_primary_10_1021_acsnano_4c13882 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_csbj_2025_06_003 crossref_primary_10_1038_s41563_021_01096_y crossref_primary_10_1007_s13206_024_00146_2 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_biosystems_2023_104934 crossref_primary_10_1109_TETC_2025_3546119 crossref_primary_10_1002_adfm_202511868 crossref_primary_10_1038_s41589_020_00711_4 crossref_primary_10_1002_advs_202505868 crossref_primary_10_1002_smtd_202101335 crossref_primary_10_1007_s42979_024_02672_0 crossref_primary_10_1039_D5SC00834D crossref_primary_10_1038_s41467_020_18842_6 crossref_primary_10_1145_3516482 crossref_primary_10_1038_s42004_022_00685_5 crossref_primary_10_1002_adfm_202408852 crossref_primary_10_1039_D4NR04544K crossref_primary_10_1038_s41589_021_00737_2 crossref_primary_10_5802_crchim_72 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_nlm_2023_107748 crossref_primary_10_1038_s41598_023_34160_5 crossref_primary_10_1039_C9SC04098F crossref_primary_10_1021_acs_chemmater_5c00330 crossref_primary_10_1109_TNB_2021_3091685 crossref_primary_10_1002_smll_202100711 crossref_primary_10_1111_1751_7915_14171 crossref_primary_10_1109_TCBB_2020_3011582 crossref_primary_10_3390_nano11071725 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_ijbiomac_2024_137491 crossref_primary_10_1002_anie_202116718 crossref_primary_10_1002_adma_202412926 crossref_primary_10_1109_TIT_2024_3515896 crossref_primary_10_1002_cbic_202400670 crossref_primary_10_1038_s41586_023_06369_x crossref_primary_10_1186_s12951_022_01242_x crossref_primary_10_1002_nano_202100275 crossref_primary_10_1093_nar_gkz580 crossref_primary_10_1139_bcb_2021_0504 crossref_primary_10_1038_s41540_022_00233_w crossref_primary_10_1109_COMST_2021_3066117 crossref_primary_10_1080_14686996_2024_2346068 crossref_primary_10_1002_sstr_202400203 crossref_primary_10_1038_s41467_020_14455_1 crossref_primary_10_1002_cplu_202200183 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jmb_2023_168416 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_compbiolchem_2022_107696 crossref_primary_10_1371_journal_pone_0292228 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_tibtech_2020_12_008 crossref_primary_10_1109_TNB_2021_3121278 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_nantod_2020_100871 crossref_primary_10_1109_TCBB_2021_3127271 crossref_primary_10_1038_s42256_025_01003_z crossref_primary_10_1109_TIT_2020_3030569 crossref_primary_10_1039_D4SC06958G crossref_primary_10_1038_s41467_021_25023_6 crossref_primary_10_1073_pnas_2112812119 crossref_primary_10_1038_s41467_023_42223_4 crossref_primary_10_1093_nargab_lqab126 crossref_primary_10_3390_mi11110982 crossref_primary_10_1007_s12257_020_0022_9 crossref_primary_10_1039_D0NR07865D crossref_primary_10_1016_j_csbj_2024_10_038 crossref_primary_10_1371_journal_pone_0321246 crossref_primary_10_1515_revic_2023_0018 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_cell_2021_03_007 crossref_primary_10_1177_02666669251349162 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_biosystems_2022_104664 crossref_primary_10_1038_s41563_021_01021_3 crossref_primary_10_1002_adma_202403071 crossref_primary_10_1038_s42003_020_01141_7 crossref_primary_10_1002_advs_202411354 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_csbj_2025_09_002 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_microc_2025_114315 crossref_primary_10_1073_pnas_2217330120 crossref_primary_10_1126_sciadv_adw2613 crossref_primary_10_1002_ange_202215759 crossref_primary_10_1002_smll_202412225 crossref_primary_10_1093_nsr_nwab028 crossref_primary_10_3390_act10100246 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_procir_2024_08_277 crossref_primary_10_3390_ijms25126449 crossref_primary_10_1021_acsnano_5c08183 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_bpj_2022_08_045 crossref_primary_10_1038_s41586_024_08040_5 crossref_primary_10_1038_s41598_022_19751_y crossref_primary_10_1002_ange_202116718 crossref_primary_10_3390_app13126996 crossref_primary_10_1002_elps_202200079 crossref_primary_10_1371_journal_pone_0259868 crossref_primary_10_1111_csp2_13095 crossref_primary_10_1007_s41965_025_00202_2 crossref_primary_10_3390_ph15050572 crossref_primary_10_3390_ijms222111901 crossref_primary_10_1109_TMBMC_2024_3403488 crossref_primary_10_1002_cphc_202400863 crossref_primary_10_1021_jacs_2c02456 crossref_primary_10_1002_prot_26308 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_isci_2024_109575 crossref_primary_10_3390_biologics4040026 crossref_primary_10_1093_pnasnexus_pgaf233 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_eswa_2025_128714 crossref_primary_10_1039_D3SC01162C crossref_primary_10_3389_fbioe_2022_916615 crossref_primary_10_1039_C9SC05133C crossref_primary_10_1109_ACCESS_2020_2980036 crossref_primary_10_1007_s13206_025_00214_1 crossref_primary_10_1002_bies_202100051 crossref_primary_10_1038_s41565_023_01377_4 crossref_primary_10_1002_advs_202004038 crossref_primary_10_3762_bjoc_19_146 crossref_primary_10_1093_nsr_nwad229 crossref_primary_10_1039_D4CC06351A crossref_primary_10_1186_s12859_024_05943_y crossref_primary_10_1007_s12539_024_00671_6 crossref_primary_10_4467_26581264ARC_21_014_14494 crossref_primary_10_3390_app15095050 crossref_primary_10_1002_ange_202310801 crossref_primary_10_1093_nar_gkz1024 crossref_primary_10_1073_pnas_2004821117 crossref_primary_10_1109_JIOT_2023_3332903 crossref_primary_10_1002_anie_202506846 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_copbio_2023_102936 crossref_primary_10_3390_app15094760 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_compbiomed_2023_107548 crossref_primary_10_1038_s41570_022_00456_9 crossref_primary_10_1038_s41467_024_53455_3 crossref_primary_10_1038_s41557_022_01111_y crossref_primary_10_1088_1367_2630_ac2a5d crossref_primary_10_1016_j_nancom_2021_100391 crossref_primary_10_1002_marc_202100084 crossref_primary_10_1007_s12539_021_00476_x crossref_primary_10_1016_j_bsheal_2025_03_006 crossref_primary_10_3390_biotech12020044 crossref_primary_10_1093_nsr_nwae469 crossref_primary_10_1002_ange_202506846 crossref_primary_10_1109_TMBMC_2023_3331579 crossref_primary_10_1038_s41467_024_51768_x crossref_primary_10_1016_j_csbj_2023_09_004 crossref_primary_10_1007_s11427_021_2074_7 crossref_primary_10_1126_science_adf1354 crossref_primary_10_1126_science_abe4882 crossref_primary_10_3724_BNSFC_2025_02_19_0002 crossref_primary_10_1038_s43588_024_00717_1 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_csbj_2024_02_019 crossref_primary_10_1007_s13222_023_00460_3 crossref_primary_10_1021_jacs_2c10316 crossref_primary_10_1038_s43588_025_00793_x crossref_primary_10_1109_TNB_2024_3424576 crossref_primary_10_1038_s41467_023_41729_1 crossref_primary_10_1002_ange_202003823 crossref_primary_10_1007_s11684_023_1013_y crossref_primary_10_1002_anie_202215759 crossref_primary_10_1038_s41467_023_36297_3 crossref_primary_10_1038_s41467_020_19757_y crossref_primary_10_1134_S0032946023020023 crossref_primary_10_1038_s41563_021_01089_x crossref_primary_10_1214_21_AAP1662 crossref_primary_10_1038_s41467_025_62353_1 crossref_primary_10_1002_VIW_20230062 crossref_primary_10_1002_adma_202312915 crossref_primary_10_1002_ange_202416004 crossref_primary_10_1002_marc_202400482 crossref_primary_10_1002_cplu_202200127 crossref_primary_10_1038_s44172_023_00134_8 crossref_primary_10_3389_fgene_2023_1120791 crossref_primary_10_3390_bios14040177 crossref_primary_10_1002_adma_202415358 crossref_primary_10_1002_anie_202310801 crossref_primary_10_1038_s41467_020_18681_5 crossref_primary_10_1039_D4RA03656E crossref_primary_10_1002_adfm_202305680 crossref_primary_10_1002_imt2_168 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_techfore_2023_122588 crossref_primary_10_1109_TMBMC_2025_3556858 crossref_primary_10_1002_cbic_202100420 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_cej_2025_161245 crossref_primary_10_1093_nar_gkab230 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jtbi_2020_110316 crossref_primary_10_1038_s41598_024_53944_x crossref_primary_10_3390_app142411663 crossref_primary_10_1109_TCOMM_2024_3506938 crossref_primary_10_1109_TNB_2021_3102122 crossref_primary_10_1007_s11427_022_2214_2 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_engstruct_2022_115178 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_eurpolymj_2019_109260 crossref_primary_10_1088_1361_648X_addbb7 crossref_primary_10_1109_MDAT_2021_3069369 crossref_primary_10_31857_S055529232302002X crossref_primary_10_1038_s41467_021_21587_5 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_tibtech_2023_04_005 crossref_primary_10_1017_S0033583520000050 crossref_primary_10_1093_bib_bbaf102 crossref_primary_10_1021_jacs_3c01941 crossref_primary_10_1038_s41467_020_16958_3 crossref_primary_10_1073_pnas_2410164121 crossref_primary_10_1002_advs_201903785 crossref_primary_10_1109_TNB_2022_3181615 crossref_primary_10_1002_adhm_202302652 crossref_primary_10_1088_2058_9565_abd3dc crossref_primary_10_1016_j_bios_2025_117132 crossref_primary_10_1070_RCR4994 crossref_primary_10_1038_s41598_023_29575_z crossref_primary_10_1002_adma_202302345 crossref_primary_10_1038_s41587_021_00969_6 crossref_primary_10_1093_bioadv_vbad117 crossref_primary_10_1186_s12934_020_01387_0 crossref_primary_10_1002_chem_202203919 crossref_primary_10_1039_D1SC01098K crossref_primary_10_1021_acscentsci_2c00460 crossref_primary_10_1007_s13205_021_02882_w crossref_primary_10_3390_math12081235 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_biotechadv_2020_107639 crossref_primary_10_1002_advs_202303197 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_ymssp_2024_111458 crossref_primary_10_1002_adom_202300991 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_compbiomed_2023_107244 crossref_primary_10_1039_D5AN00353A crossref_primary_10_1002_sstr_202000046 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_tibtech_2023_08_001 crossref_primary_10_1039_D5TB00869G crossref_primary_10_1093_nsr_nwaa007 crossref_primary_10_1109_ACCESS_2020_2995812 crossref_primary_10_1021_jacs_3c00081 crossref_primary_10_1093_nar_gkab1209 crossref_primary_10_1002_advs_202402951 crossref_primary_10_1038_s41467_023_38876_w crossref_primary_10_1002_cbic_202200521 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_tics_2022_01_007 crossref_primary_10_1038_s41467_022_33046_w crossref_primary_10_1038_s41467_025_55986_9 crossref_primary_10_1038_s41598_021_97570_3 crossref_primary_10_1089_cmb_2024_0697 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_chempr_2021_05_012 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jtbi_2021_110984 crossref_primary_10_1038_s41565_024_01771_6 crossref_primary_10_1038_s41467_021_24497_8 crossref_primary_10_1109_TBCAS_2023_3342704 crossref_primary_10_1002_advs_202305921 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_addr_2023_114872 crossref_primary_10_1038_s41467_021_24991_z crossref_primary_10_1088_2399_6528_ad246d crossref_primary_10_1109_TCSI_2023_3311145 crossref_primary_10_1038_d41586_024_03312_6 crossref_primary_10_1038_s41586_022_04994_6 crossref_primary_10_1088_1367_2630_ac3883 crossref_primary_10_1002_smll_202309867 crossref_primary_10_1002_adhm_202401207 crossref_primary_10_1021_acsomega_5c00645 crossref_primary_10_1002_anie_202416004 crossref_primary_10_1021_jacs_2c08135 crossref_primary_10_1109_TIT_2022_3184903 crossref_primary_10_1038_s41467_021_27846_9 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_bbrep_2025_101962 crossref_primary_10_1002_anie_202003823 crossref_primary_10_1109_ACCESS_2023_3235201 crossref_primary_10_1007_s41965_024_00149_w crossref_primary_10_1016_j_biosystems_2023_104870 crossref_primary_10_1038_s41467_025_61991_9 crossref_primary_10_1038_s41598_023_43658_x crossref_primary_10_1016_j_tibtech_2023_03_005 crossref_primary_10_1051_e3sconf_202341201090 crossref_primary_10_1002_smsc_202400094 crossref_primary_10_1109_ACCESS_2025_3568380 crossref_primary_10_3390_ijms21062191 crossref_primary_10_1038_s41570_024_00576_4 crossref_primary_10_1002_adsr_202300176 crossref_primary_10_1002_adma_202307499 crossref_primary_10_1109_ACCESS_2023_3332254 crossref_primary_10_1145_3626233 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_progpolymsci_2023_101677 crossref_primary_10_3389_fbioe_2021_689797 crossref_primary_10_1038_s41598_022_18108_9 crossref_primary_10_1038_s41467_024_55527_w crossref_primary_10_1038_s44160_025_00805_8 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_chempr_2025_102571 crossref_primary_10_1145_3723166 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_cej_2024_150485 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_cclet_2023_109104 crossref_primary_10_1007_s12668_020_00764_8 crossref_primary_10_1021_jacs_3c13953 crossref_primary_10_1093_nar_gkaf733 crossref_primary_10_1002_cjoc_202300272 crossref_primary_10_1007_s11047_023_09964_z crossref_primary_10_1109_TMBMC_2024_3403755 crossref_primary_10_1109_TNB_2023_3303512
Cites_doi	10.1002/j.1538-7305.1948.tb01338.x 10.1073/pnas.1202344109 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1003145 10.1038/srep14138 10.1126/science.aaf1175 10.1101/433524 10.1038/nbt.3423 10.1021/bp060261y 10.1038/nmeth.3147 10.1126/science.1226355 10.1038/21092 10.1016/j.procs.2016.05.398 10.1080/00043249.1996.10791743 10.1126/science.1190719 10.1093/nar/gkp1060 10.1101/439521 10.1145/602421.602426 10.1038/nrg.2017.15 10.1126/science.7725109 10.1111/1755-0998.12134 10.1145/2872362.2872397 10.1038/nmat4594 10.1098/rspb.2012.1745 10.1016/j.fsigen.2013.09.003 10.1002/anie.201411378 10.1038/s41598-017-05188-1 10.1038/s41570-018-0051-5 10.1126/science.aaj2038 10.1016/j.cub.2013.06.047 10.1074/jbc.X112.442855 10.1146/annurev-anchem-062011-143028 10.2144/000113218 10.1109/TMAG.2015.2397880 10.1038/nrg.2016.49 10.1038/nature24286 10.1038/nbt.4079 10.1038/nbt.4173 10.1137/0108018 10.1021/acs.biochem.7b00937 10.1126/science.aad8559 10.1126/science.1258096 10.1126/science.aag0511 10.1038/nmeth.4108 10.1021/bp049917i 10.1126/science.1256272 10.1016/j.cell.2009.12.034 10.1101/348987 10.1126/science.aap8992 10.1038/nmeth.2918 10.1109/ISIT.2017.8007106 10.1126/science.1172005 10.1126/science.aao0958 10.1038/nature15386 10.1038/s41576-018-0052-8 10.1063/1.5007621 10.1021/la703235y 10.1038/nature11875 10.1126/science.293.5536.1763c 10.1101/367052 10.1371/journal.pone.0002815 10.1038/nature23017
ContentType	Journal Article
Copyright	Springer Nature Limited 2019 COPYRIGHT 2019 Nature Publishing Group Springer Nature Limited 2019.
Copyright_xml	– notice: Springer Nature Limited 2019 – notice: COPYRIGHT 2019 Nature Publishing Group – notice: Springer Nature Limited 2019.
DBID	AAYXX CITATION CGR CUY CVF ECM EIF NPM ISR 3V. 7QP 7QR 7RV 7TK 7TM 7X7 7XB 88A 88E 8AO 8C1 8FD 8FE 8FH 8FI 8FJ 8FK ABUWG AFKRA AZQEC BBNVY BENPR BHPHI CCPQU DWQXO FR3 FYUFA GHDGH GNUQQ HCIFZ K9. KB0 LK8 M0S M1P M7P NAPCQ P64 PHGZM PHGZT PJZUB PKEHL PPXIY PQEST PQGLB PQQKQ PQUKI PRINS RC3 7X8
DOI	10.1038/s41576-019-0125-3
DatabaseName	CrossRef Medline MEDLINE MEDLINE (Ovid) MEDLINE MEDLINE PubMed Gale In Context: Science ProQuest Central (Corporate) Calcium & Calcified Tissue Abstracts Chemoreception Abstracts Nursing & Allied Health Database Neurosciences Abstracts Nucleic Acids Abstracts Health & Medical Collection ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016) Biology Database (Alumni Edition) Medical Database (Alumni Edition) ProQuest Pharma Collection Public Health Database (ProQuest) Technology Research Database ProQuest SciTech Collection ProQuest Natural Science Collection Hospital Premium Collection Hospital Premium Collection (Alumni Edition) ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016) ProQuest Central (Alumni) ProQuest Central UK/Ireland ProQuest Central Essentials Biological Science Collection ProQuest Central Natural Science Collection ProQuest One ProQuest Central Korea Engineering Research Database Health Research Premium Collection Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni) ProQuest Central Student SciTech Premium Collection ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni) Nursing & Allied Health Database (Alumni Edition) ProQuest Biological Science Collection ProQuest Health & Medical Collection Medical Database Biological Science Database Nursing & Allied Health Premium Biotechnology and BioEngineering Abstracts ProQuest Central Premium ProQuest One Academic (New) ProQuest Health & Medical Research Collection ProQuest One Academic Middle East (New) ProQuest One Health & Nursing ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE) ProQuest One Applied & Life Sciences ProQuest One Academic (retired) ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition ProQuest Central China Genetics Abstracts MEDLINE - Academic
DatabaseTitle	CrossRef MEDLINE Medline Complete MEDLINE with Full Text PubMed MEDLINE (Ovid) ProQuest Central Student Technology Research Database ProQuest One Academic Middle East (New) ProQuest Central Essentials Nucleic Acids Abstracts ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni) ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition) SciTech Premium Collection ProQuest One Community College ProQuest One Health & Nursing ProQuest Natural Science Collection ProQuest Pharma Collection ProQuest Central China ProQuest Biology Journals (Alumni Edition) ProQuest Central ProQuest One Applied & Life Sciences ProQuest Health & Medical Research Collection Genetics Abstracts Health Research Premium Collection Health and Medicine Complete (Alumni Edition) Natural Science Collection ProQuest Central Korea Health & Medical Research Collection Biological Science Collection Chemoreception Abstracts ProQuest Central (New) ProQuest Medical Library (Alumni) ProQuest Public Health ProQuest Biological Science Collection ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition ProQuest Nursing & Allied Health Source ProQuest Hospital Collection Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni) Biological Science Database ProQuest SciTech Collection Neurosciences Abstracts ProQuest Hospital Collection (Alumni) Biotechnology and BioEngineering Abstracts Nursing & Allied Health Premium ProQuest Health & Medical Complete ProQuest Medical Library ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition ProQuest Nursing & Allied Health Source (Alumni) Engineering Research Database ProQuest One Academic Calcium & Calcified Tissue Abstracts ProQuest One Academic (New) ProQuest Central (Alumni) MEDLINE - Academic
DatabaseTitleList	MEDLINE MEDLINE - Academic ProQuest Central Student
Database_xml	– sequence: 1 dbid: NPM name: PubMed url: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed sourceTypes: Index Database – sequence: 2 dbid: BENPR name: ProQuest Central url: https://www.proquest.com/central sourceTypes: Aggregation Database
DeliveryMethod	fulltext_linktorsrc
Discipline	Agriculture Biology
EISSN	1471-0064
EndPage	466
ExternalDocumentID	A593699963 31068682 10_1038_s41576_019_0125_3
Genre	Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Journal Article Review
GroupedDBID	--- -DZ .55 0R~ 123 29M 36B 39C 3V. 4.4 53G 70F 7RV 7X7 88A 88E 8AO 8C1 8FE 8FH 8FI 8FJ 8R4 8R5 AAEEF AARCD AAWYQ AAYZH AAZLF ABAWZ ABDBF ABJNI ABLJU ABUWG ACGFS ACIWK ACPRK ACUHS ADBBV AENEX AFBBN AFFNX AFKRA AFSHS AGAYW AGHTU AHBCP AHMBA AHOSX AHSBF AIBTJ ALFFA ALIPV ALMA_UNASSIGNED_HOLDINGS ARMCB ASPBG AVWKF AXYYD AZFZN B0M BBNVY BENPR BHPHI BKEYQ BKKNO BPHCQ BVXVI CCPQU CS3 DB5 DU5 EAD EAP EBS EE. EJD EMB EMK EMOBN EPL ESX EX3 EXGXG F5P FEDTE FQGFK FSGXE FYUFA HCIFZ HMCUK HVGLF HZ~ IAO IGS IHR IHW INH INR ISR ITC LK8 M0L M1P M7P N9A NAPCQ NNMJJ O9- ODYON PQQKQ PROAC PSQYO Q2X RIG RNR RNS RNT RNTTT SHXYY SIXXV SNYQT SOJ SV3 TAOOD TBHMF TDRGL TSG TUS UKHRP WOW X7M ~8M AAYXX ABFSG ACSTC AEZWR AFANA AFHIU AGSTI AHWEU AIXLP ALPWD ATHPR CITATION CGR CUY CVF ECM EIF NFIDA NPM PHGZM PHGZT PJZUB PPXIY PQGLB 7QP 7QR 7TK 7TM 7XB 8FD 8FK AZQEC DWQXO FR3 GNUQQ K9. P64 PKEHL PQEST PQUKI PRINS RC3 7X8
ID	FETCH-LOGICAL-c504t-bf4cf8895e61d2542e16495ae1e74345f9a0fc189d7f4a9d42151b63138a01f23
IEDL.DBID	M7P
ISICitedReferencesCount	401
ISICitedReferencesURI	http://www.webofscience.com/api/gateway?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=Summon&SrcAuth=ProQuest&DestLinkType=CitingArticles&DestApp=WOS_CPL&KeyUT=000475969100006&url=https%3A%2F%2Fcvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com%2F%23%21%2Fsearch%3Fho%3Df%26include.ft.matches%3Dt%26l%3Dnull%26q%3D
ISSN	1471-0056 1471-0064
IngestDate	Sun Nov 09 09:44:14 EST 2025 Mon Oct 06 18:25:48 EDT 2025 Sat Nov 29 13:03:04 EST 2025 Sat Nov 29 10:10:28 EST 2025 Wed Nov 26 10:32:02 EST 2025 Thu May 22 21:03:21 EDT 2025 Mon Jul 21 05:46:49 EDT 2025 Sat Nov 29 02:34:58 EST 2025 Tue Nov 18 21:58:34 EST 2025 Fri Feb 21 02:40:14 EST 2025
IsPeerReviewed	true
IsScholarly	true
Issue	8
Language	English
LinkModel	DirectLink
MergedId	FETCHMERGED-LOGICAL-c504t-bf4cf8895e61d2542e16495ae1e74345f9a0fc189d7f4a9d42151b63138a01f23
Notes	ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 14 ObjectType-Review-3 content type line 23
ORCID	0000-0002-8210-5417 0000-0002-1377-6217
PMID	31068682
PQID	2259351168
PQPubID	44267
PageCount	11
ParticipantIDs	proquest_miscellaneous_2231953205 proquest_journals_2259351168 gale_infotracmisc_A593699963 gale_infotracacademiconefile_A593699963 gale_incontextgauss_ISR_A593699963 gale_healthsolutions_A593699963 pubmed_primary_31068682 crossref_citationtrail_10_1038_s41576_019_0125_3 crossref_primary_10_1038_s41576_019_0125_3 springer_journals_10_1038_s41576_019_0125_3
PublicationCentury	2000
PublicationDate	2019-08-01
PublicationDateYYYYMMDD	2019-08-01
PublicationDate_xml	– month: 08 year: 2019 text: 2019-08-01 day: 01
PublicationDecade	2010
PublicationPlace	London
PublicationPlace_xml	– name: London – name: England
PublicationTitle	Nature reviews. Genetics
PublicationTitleAbbrev	Nat Rev Genet
PublicationTitleAlternate	Nat Rev Genet
PublicationYear	2019
Publisher	Nature Publishing Group UK Nature Publishing Group
Publisher_xml	– name: Nature Publishing Group UK – name: Nature Publishing Group
References	ErlichYZielinskiDDNA Fountain enables a robust and efficient storage architectureScience20173559509541:CAS:528:DC%2BC2sXjsVCgsrc%3D10.1126/science.aaj2038 WongPCWongK-kFooteHOrganic data memory using the DNA approachCommun. ACM200346959810.1145/602421.602426 Bornholt, J. et al. A DNA-based archival storage system. Presented at the Twenty-First International Conference on Architectural Support for Programming Languages and Operating Systems (ASPLOS ‘16) (2016). PortneyNGWuYQuezadaLKLonardiSOzkanMLength-based encoding of binary data in DNALangmuir200824161316161:CAS:528:DC%2BD1cXhtFCht70%3D10.1021/la703235y JensenMADavisRWTemplate-independent enzymatic oligonucleotide synthesis (TiEOS): its history, prospects, and challengesBiochemistry201857182118321:CAS:528:DC%2BC1cXktlKhsr8%3D10.1021/acs.biochem.7b00937 IvanovaNVKuzminaMLProtocols for dry DNA storage and shipment at room temperatureMol. Ecol. Resour.2013138908981:CAS:528:DC%2BC3sXht1OqtrnJ10.1111/1755-0998.12134 DoudnaJACharpentierEThe new frontier of genome engineering with CRISPR-Cas9Science2014346125809610.1126/science.1258096 FriedlandAESynthetic gene networks that countScience2009324119912021:CAS:528:DC%2BD1MXmsVGisLw%3D10.1126/science.1172005 Lee, H. H., Kalhor, R., Goela, N., Bolot, J. & Church, G. M. Enzymatic DNA synthesis for digital information storage. Preprint at bioRxivhttps://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/348987v1 (2018). ShannonCThe mathematical theory of communicationBell Syst. Tech. J.19482737942310.1002/j.1538-7305.1948.tb01338.x HowlettSECastilloHSGioeniLJRobertsonJMDonfackJEvaluation of DNAstableTM for DNA storage at ambient temperatureForens. Sci. Int. Genet.201481701781:CAS:528:DC%2BC3sXitVWntrjN10.1016/j.fsigen.2013.09.003 KosuriSChurchGMLarge-scale de novo DNA synthesis: technologies and applicationsNat. Methods2014114995071:CAS:528:DC%2BC2cXntVSnu7s%3D10.1038/nmeth.2918 ShethRUWangHHDNA-based memory devices for recording cellular eventsNat. Rev. Genet.2018197187321:CAS:528:DC%2BC1cXhslKjt7nM10.1038/s41576-018-0052-8 AlbrechtTRBit-patterned magnetic recording: theory, media fabrication, and recording performanceIEEE Trans. Magn.201551080034210.1109/TMAG.2015.2397880 OrganickLRandom access in large-scale DNA data storageNat. Biotechnol.2018362422481:CAS:528:DC%2BC1cXivFGitr4%3D10.1038/nbt.4079This study presents an end-to-end discussion of DNA data storage, demonstrating the ability to perform random access at a large scale, the first error correction that tolerates insertions and deletions, and the largest amount of digital data in DNA as of 2019 Choi, Y. et al. Addition of degenerate bases to DNA-based data storage for increased information capacity. Preprint at bioRxivhttps://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/367052v1 (2018). ShethRUYimSSWuFLWangHHMultiplex recording of cellular events over time on CRISPR biological tapeScience2017358145714611:CAS:528:DC%2BC2sXhvFGmtr3N10.1126/science.aao0958 RuttenMGTAVaandragerFWElemansJAAWNolteRJMEncoding information into polymersNat. Rev. Chem.2018236538110.1038/s41570-018-0051-5 Heckel, R., Shomorony, I., Ramchandran, K. & Tse, D. N. Fundamental limits of DNA storage systems. Presented at the 2017 IEEE International Symposium on Information Theory (ISIT) (2017). YazdiSMHTYuanYMaJZhaoHMilenkovicOARewritable, random-access DNA-based storage systemSci. Rep.2015510.1038/srep14138This paper proposes PCR-based random access ShendureJDNA sequencing at 40: past, present and futureNature20175503453531:CAS:528:DC%2BC2sXhs1eksrvL10.1038/nature24286 Willsey, M. et al. in Proc. 24th Int. Conf. on Architectural Support for Programming Languages and Operating Systems 183–197 (ACM, 2019). GrassRNHeckelRPudduMPaunescuDStarkWJRobust chemical preservation of digital information on DNA in silica with error-correcting codesAngew. Chem.201554255225551:CAS:528:DC%2BC2MXis1Snsr8%3D10.1002/anie.201411378This study introduces the first robust system based on error correcting codes using inner codes and outer codes for DNA data storage, and it demonstrates silica encapsulation for greater durability ShipmanSLNivalaJMacklisJDChurchGMCRISPR-Cas encoding of a digital movie into the genomes of a population of living bacteriaNature20175473453491:CAS:528:DC%2BC2sXhtFOjtrfN10.1038/nature23017 GibsonDGCreation of a bacterial cell controlled by a chemically synthesized genomeScience201032952571:CAS:528:DC%2BC3cXotVeqsLg%3D10.1126/science.1190719 HamTSLeeSKKeaslingJDArkinAPDesign and construction of a double inversion recombination switch for heritable sequential genetic memoryPLOS ONE2008310.1371/journal.pone.0002815 AritaMOhashiYSecret signatures inside genomic DNABiotechnol. Prog.200420160516071:CAS:528:DC%2BD2cXlsFaht7o%3D10.1021/bp049917i AilenbergMRotsteinODAn improved Huffman coding method for archiving text, images, and music characters in DNABiotechniques2009477477541:CAS:528:DC%2BD1MXhtFKmurjK10.2144/000113218 Dawkins, R. The Blind Watchmaker (Longman Scientific & Technical, 1986). YachieNSekiyamaKSugaharaJOhashiYTomitaMAlignment-based approach for durable data storage into living organismsBiotechnol. Prog.2007235015051:CAS:528:DC%2BD2sXot1aisg%3D%3D10.1021/bp060261y ChurchGMGaoYKosuriSNext-generation digital information storage in DNAScience2012337162816281:CAS:528:DC%2BC38Xhtl2ntrrL10.1126/science.1226355 GoodwinSMcPhersonJDMcCombieWRComing of age: ten years of next-generation sequencing technologiesNat. Rev. Genet.2016173333511:CAS:528:DC%2BC28XnvFOksL8%3D10.1038/nrg.2016.49 ChoiKNgAHFobelRWheelerARDigital microfluidicsAnnu. Rev. Anal. Chem.201254134401:CAS:528:DC%2BC38Xht1GmtLnF10.1146/annurev-anchem-062011-143028 KalhorRMaliPChurchGMRapidly evolving homing CRISPR barcodesNat. Methods2017141952001:CAS:528:DC%2BC28XitVSrurbF10.1038/nmeth.4108 NeimanMSOn the molecular memory systems and the directed mutationsRadiotekhnika1965618 GoldmanNTowards practical, high-capacity, low-maintenance information storage in synthesized DNANature201349477801:CAS:528:DC%2BC3sXhsVygsLg%3D10.1038/nature11875Church et al. (2012) and Goldman et al. (2013) feature key work on the modern reincarnation and demonstration of DNA data storage ideas BancroftCLong-term storage of information in DNAScience2001293176317651:CAS:528:DC%2BD3MXmvVSmsbc%3D10.1126/science.293.5536.1763c ReedISSolomonGPolynomial codes over certain finite fieldsJ. Soc. Ind. Appl. Math.1960830030410.1137/0108018 MarraffiniLACRISPR-Cas immunity in prokaryotesNature201552655611:CAS:528:DC%2BC2MXhs1SitLjL10.1038/nature15386 ClellandCTRiscaVBancroftCHiding messages in DNA microdotsNature19993995335341:CAS:528:DyaK1MXjvFeitrs%3D10.1038/21092 YazdiSMHTGabrysRMilenkovicOPortable and error-free DNA-based data storageSci. Rep.2017710.1038/s41598-017-05188-1 CaruthersMHThe chemical synthesis of DNA/RNA: our gift to scienceJ. Biol. Chem.2013288142014271:CAS:528:DC%2BC3sXosFOksw%3D%3D10.1074/jbc.X112.442855 Anavy, L., Vaknin, I., Atar, O., Amit, R. & Yakhini, Z. Improved DNA based storage capacity and fidelity using composite DNA letters. Preprint at bioRxivhttps://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/433524v1 (2018). Newman, S. et al. High density DNA data storage library via dehydration with digital microfluidic retrieval. Nat. Commun.10, 1706 (2019). Heckel, R., Mikutis, G. & Grass, R. N. A characterization of the DNA data storage channel. Preprint at arXivhttps://arxiv.org/abs/1803.03322 (2018). PerliSDCuiCHLuTKContinuous genetic recording with self-targeting CRISPR-Cas in human cellsScience2016353aag051110.1126/science.aag0511 DeamerDAkesonMBrantonDThree decades of nanopore sequencingNat. Biotechnol.2016345185241:CAS:528:DC%2BC28XnsVahtrY%3D10.1038/nbt.3423 Stewart, K. et al. in DNA Computing and Molecular Programming (eds Doty, D. & Dietz, H.) 55–70 (Springer International Publishing, Cham, 2018). FarzadfardFLuTKGenomically encoded analog memory with precise in vivo DNA writing in living cell populationsScience2014346125627210.1126/science.1256272 YangLPermanent genetic memory with>1-byte capacityNat. Methods201411126112661:CAS:528:DC%2BC2cXhvVSqsbnE10.1038/nmeth.3147 BaumEBBuilding an associative memory vastly larger than the brainScience19952685835851:CAS:528:DyaK2MXlt1KntLs%3D10.1126/science.7725109 Tavella, F. et al. DNA molecular storage system: transferring digitally encoded information through bacterial nanonetworks. Preprint at arXivhttps://arxiv.org/abs/1801.04774 (2018). GlaserJIStatistical analysis of molecular signal recordingPLOS Comput. Biol.201391:CAS:528:DC%2BC3sXht1ygu7nI10.1371/journal.pcbi.1003145 BlawatMForward error correction for DNA data storageProcedia Comput. Sci.2016801011102210.1016/j.procs.2016.05.398 DavisJMicrovenusArt J.199655707410.1080/00043249.1996.10791743 WienerNInterview: machines smarter than men?US News World Rep.1964568486 Reisel, D., Gantz, J. & Rydning, J. Data age 2025: the digitization of the world from edge to core. Seagate https://www.seagate.com/files/www-content/our-story/trends/files/idc-seagate-dataage-whitepaper.pdf (2018). RoquetNSoleimanyAPFerrisACAaronsonSLuTKSynthetic recombinase-based state machines in living cellsScience2016353aad855910.1126/science.aad8559 AllentoftMEThe half-life of DNA in bone: measuring decay kinetics in 158 dated fossilsProc. Biol. Sci.2012279472447331:CAS:528:DC%2BC38XhvVyms7rI10.1098/rspb.2012.1745 BonnetJChain and conformation stability of solid-state DNA: implications for room temperature storageNucleic Acids Res.2009381531154610.1093/nar/gkp1060 InnissMCSilverPABuilding synthetic memoryCurr. Biol.201323R812R8161:CAS:528:DC%2BC3sXhsVWjtLfM10.1016/j.cub.2013.06.047 ZhirnovVZadeganRMSandhuGSChurchGMHughesWLNucleic acid memoryNat. Mater.2016153663701:CAS:528:DC%2BC28XkvVCitb0%3D10.1038/nmat4594This paper presents a detailed analysis of properties of DNA as a data storage medium and compares it with other media Rashtchian, C. et al. Clustering billions of reads for DNA data storage. NIPShttps://papers.nips.cc/paper/6928-clustering-billions-of-reads-for-dna-data-storage.pdf (2017). BurrillDRSilverPAMaking cellular memoriesCell201014013181:CAS:528:DC%2BC3cXkvVWitbs%3D10.1 MC Inniss (125_CR59) 2013; 23 N Goldman (125_CR20) 2013; 494 D Deamer (125_CR46) 2016; 34 125_CR49 S Palluk (125_CR42) 2018; 36 C Bancroft (125_CR13) 2001; 293 GM Church (125_CR19) 2012; 337 DR Burrill (125_CR60) 2010; 140 125_CR40 C Shannon (125_CR36) 1948; 27 SL Shipman (125_CR24) 2016; 353 SD Perli (125_CR23) 2016; 353 RN Grass (125_CR6) 2015; 54 N Yachie (125_CR16) 2007; 23 J Shendure (125_CR45) 2017; 550 MA Jensen (125_CR41) 2018; 57 N Roquet (125_CR64) 2016; 353 L Organick (125_CR3) 2018; 36 M Arita (125_CR15) 2004; 20 DG Gibson (125_CR22) 2010; 329 Y Erlich (125_CR32) 2017; 355 125_CR39 NV Ivanova (125_CR52) 2013; 13 ME Allentoft (125_CR50) 2012; 279 V Zhirnov (125_CR4) 2016; 15 125_CR57 125_CR58 125_CR10 125_CR54 LA Marraffini (125_CR67) 2015; 526 CT Clelland (125_CR12) 1999; 399 RU Sheth (125_CR25) 2017; 358 S Goodwin (125_CR44) 2016; 17 S Kosuri (125_CR30) 2014; 11 JI Glaser (125_CR27) 2013; 9 RU Sheth (125_CR7) 2018; 19 SMHT Yazdi (125_CR43) 2017; 7 F Farzadfard (125_CR66) 2014; 346 MH Caruthers (125_CR33) 2013; 288 TR Albrecht (125_CR35) 2015; 51 R Kalhor (125_CR69) 2017; 14 SM Prakadan (125_CR56) 2017; 18 J Davis (125_CR11) 1996; 55 125_CR21 RE Fontana (125_CR48) 2018; 8 MS Neiman (125_CR9) 1965; 6 EB Baum (125_CR47) 1995; 268 125_CR5 125_CR38 SE Howlett (125_CR53) 2014; 8 M Blawat (125_CR72) 2016; 80 W Tang (125_CR26) 2018; 360 125_CR34 125_CR71 L Yang (125_CR65) 2014; 11 IS Reed (125_CR37) 1960; 8 N Wiener (125_CR8) 1964; 56 J Bonnet (125_CR62) 2012; 109 125_CR1 MGTA Rutten (125_CR2) 2018; 2 M Ailenberg (125_CR18) 2009; 47 J Bonnet (125_CR51) 2009; 38 TS Ham (125_CR61) 2008; 3 NG Portney (125_CR17) 2008; 24 AE Friedland (125_CR63) 2009; 324 K Choi (125_CR55) 2012; 5 JA Doudna (125_CR68) 2014; 346 PC Wong (125_CR14) 2003; 46 125_CR28 125_CR29 SMHT Yazdi (125_CR31) 2015; 5 SL Shipman (125_CR70) 2017; 547
References_xml	– reference: ShipmanSLNivalaJMacklisJDChurchGMCRISPR-Cas encoding of a digital movie into the genomes of a population of living bacteriaNature20175473453491:CAS:528:DC%2BC2sXhtFOjtrfN10.1038/nature23017 – reference: FontanaREDecadGMMoore’s law realities for recording systems and memory storage components: HDD, tape, NAND, and opticalAIP Adv.2018805650610.1063/1.5007621 – reference: Willsey, M. et al. in Proc. 24th Int. Conf. on Architectural Support for Programming Languages and Operating Systems 183–197 (ACM, 2019). – reference: PallukSDe novo DNA synthesis using polymerase-nucleotide conjugatesNat. Biotechnol.2018366456501:CAS:528:DC%2BC1cXhtFGjs7%2FI10.1038/nbt.4173 – reference: DavisJMicrovenusArt J.199655707410.1080/00043249.1996.10791743 – reference: Lee, H. H., Kalhor, R., Goela, N., Bolot, J. & Church, G. M. Enzymatic DNA synthesis for digital information storage. Preprint at bioRxivhttps://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/348987v1 (2018). – reference: NeimanMSOn the molecular memory systems and the directed mutationsRadiotekhnika1965618 – reference: FarzadfardFLuTKGenomically encoded analog memory with precise in vivo DNA writing in living cell populationsScience2014346125627210.1126/science.1256272 – reference: KalhorRMaliPChurchGMRapidly evolving homing CRISPR barcodesNat. Methods2017141952001:CAS:528:DC%2BC28XitVSrurbF10.1038/nmeth.4108 – reference: BaumEBBuilding an associative memory vastly larger than the brainScience19952685835851:CAS:528:DyaK2MXlt1KntLs%3D10.1126/science.7725109 – reference: ErlichYZielinskiDDNA Fountain enables a robust and efficient storage architectureScience20173559509541:CAS:528:DC%2BC2sXjsVCgsrc%3D10.1126/science.aaj2038 – reference: GrassRNHeckelRPudduMPaunescuDStarkWJRobust chemical preservation of digital information on DNA in silica with error-correcting codesAngew. Chem.201554255225551:CAS:528:DC%2BC2MXis1Snsr8%3D10.1002/anie.201411378This study introduces the first robust system based on error correcting codes using inner codes and outer codes for DNA data storage, and it demonstrates silica encapsulation for greater durability – reference: Dawkins, R. The Blind Watchmaker (Longman Scientific & Technical, 1986). – reference: RoquetNSoleimanyAPFerrisACAaronsonSLuTKSynthetic recombinase-based state machines in living cellsScience2016353aad855910.1126/science.aad8559 – reference: GibsonDGCreation of a bacterial cell controlled by a chemically synthesized genomeScience201032952571:CAS:528:DC%2BC3cXotVeqsLg%3D10.1126/science.1190719 – reference: MarraffiniLACRISPR-Cas immunity in prokaryotesNature201552655611:CAS:528:DC%2BC2MXhs1SitLjL10.1038/nature15386 – reference: OrganickLRandom access in large-scale DNA data storageNat. Biotechnol.2018362422481:CAS:528:DC%2BC1cXivFGitr4%3D10.1038/nbt.4079This study presents an end-to-end discussion of DNA data storage, demonstrating the ability to perform random access at a large scale, the first error correction that tolerates insertions and deletions, and the largest amount of digital data in DNA as of 2019 – reference: KosuriSChurchGMLarge-scale de novo DNA synthesis: technologies and applicationsNat. Methods2014114995071:CAS:528:DC%2BC2cXntVSnu7s%3D10.1038/nmeth.2918 – reference: ShethRUYimSSWuFLWangHHMultiplex recording of cellular events over time on CRISPR biological tapeScience2017358145714611:CAS:528:DC%2BC2sXhvFGmtr3N10.1126/science.aao0958 – reference: DeamerDAkesonMBrantonDThree decades of nanopore sequencingNat. Biotechnol.2016345185241:CAS:528:DC%2BC28XnsVahtrY%3D10.1038/nbt.3423 – reference: InnissMCSilverPABuilding synthetic memoryCurr. Biol.201323R812R8161:CAS:528:DC%2BC3sXhsVWjtLfM10.1016/j.cub.2013.06.047 – reference: BurrillDRSilverPAMaking cellular memoriesCell201014013181:CAS:528:DC%2BC3cXkvVWitbs%3D10.1016/j.cell.2009.12.034 – reference: Rashtchian, C. et al. Clustering billions of reads for DNA data storage. NIPShttps://papers.nips.cc/paper/6928-clustering-billions-of-reads-for-dna-data-storage.pdf (2017). – reference: FriedlandAESynthetic gene networks that countScience2009324119912021:CAS:528:DC%2BD1MXmsVGisLw%3D10.1126/science.1172005 – reference: PrakadanSMShalekAKWeitzDAScaling by shrinking: empowering single-cell’omics’ with microfluidic devicesNat. Rev. Genet.2017183453611:CAS:528:DC%2BC2sXlvVKhtLY%3D10.1038/nrg.2017.15 – reference: DoudnaJACharpentierEThe new frontier of genome engineering with CRISPR-Cas9Science2014346125809610.1126/science.1258096 – reference: GlaserJIStatistical analysis of molecular signal recordingPLOS Comput. Biol.201391:CAS:528:DC%2BC3sXht1ygu7nI10.1371/journal.pcbi.1003145 – reference: Anavy, L., Vaknin, I., Atar, O., Amit, R. & Yakhini, Z. Improved DNA based storage capacity and fidelity using composite DNA letters. Preprint at bioRxivhttps://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/433524v1 (2018). – reference: ZhirnovVZadeganRMSandhuGSChurchGMHughesWLNucleic acid memoryNat. Mater.2016153663701:CAS:528:DC%2BC28XkvVCitb0%3D10.1038/nmat4594This paper presents a detailed analysis of properties of DNA as a data storage medium and compares it with other media – reference: ClellandCTRiscaVBancroftCHiding messages in DNA microdotsNature19993995335341:CAS:528:DyaK1MXjvFeitrs%3D10.1038/21092 – reference: Reisel, D., Gantz, J. & Rydning, J. Data age 2025: the digitization of the world from edge to core. Seagate https://www.seagate.com/files/www-content/our-story/trends/files/idc-seagate-dataage-whitepaper.pdf (2018). – reference: Takahashi, C. N., Nguyen, B. H., Strauss, K. & Ceze, L. H. Demonstration of end-to-end automation of DNA data storage. Preprint at bioRxivhttps://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/439521v1 (2018). – reference: Newman, S. et al. High density DNA data storage library via dehydration with digital microfluidic retrieval. Nat. Commun.10, 1706 (2019). – reference: AllentoftMEThe half-life of DNA in bone: measuring decay kinetics in 158 dated fossilsProc. Biol. Sci.2012279472447331:CAS:528:DC%2BC38XhvVyms7rI10.1098/rspb.2012.1745 – reference: ShannonCThe mathematical theory of communicationBell Syst. Tech. J.19482737942310.1002/j.1538-7305.1948.tb01338.x – reference: ShendureJDNA sequencing at 40: past, present and futureNature20175503453531:CAS:528:DC%2BC2sXhs1eksrvL10.1038/nature24286 – reference: YazdiSMHTGabrysRMilenkovicOPortable and error-free DNA-based data storageSci. Rep.2017710.1038/s41598-017-05188-1 – reference: Carlson, R. Guesstimating the size of the global array synthesis market. Synthesishttp://www.synthesis.cc/synthesis/2017/8/guesstimating-the-size-of-the-global-array-synthesis-market (2017). – reference: RuttenMGTAVaandragerFWElemansJAAWNolteRJMEncoding information into polymersNat. Rev. Chem.2018236538110.1038/s41570-018-0051-5 – reference: GoodwinSMcPhersonJDMcCombieWRComing of age: ten years of next-generation sequencing technologiesNat. Rev. Genet.2016173333511:CAS:528:DC%2BC28XnvFOksL8%3D10.1038/nrg.2016.49 – reference: HowlettSECastilloHSGioeniLJRobertsonJMDonfackJEvaluation of DNAstableTM for DNA storage at ambient temperatureForens. Sci. Int. Genet.201481701781:CAS:528:DC%2BC3sXitVWntrjN10.1016/j.fsigen.2013.09.003 – reference: ShethRUWangHHDNA-based memory devices for recording cellular eventsNat. Rev. Genet.2018197187321:CAS:528:DC%2BC1cXhslKjt7nM10.1038/s41576-018-0052-8 – reference: BonnetJSubsoontornPEndyDRewritable digital data storage in live cells via engineered control of recombination directionalityProc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA2012109888488891:CAS:528:DC%2BC38XovF2gt70%3D10.1073/pnas.1202344109 – reference: WienerNInterview: machines smarter than men?US News World Rep.1964568486 – reference: ChoiKNgAHFobelRWheelerARDigital microfluidicsAnnu. Rev. Anal. Chem.201254134401:CAS:528:DC%2BC38Xht1GmtLnF10.1146/annurev-anchem-062011-143028 – reference: Heckel, R., Shomorony, I., Ramchandran, K. & Tse, D. N. Fundamental limits of DNA storage systems. Presented at the 2017 IEEE International Symposium on Information Theory (ISIT) (2017). – reference: Stewart, K. et al. in DNA Computing and Molecular Programming (eds Doty, D. & Dietz, H.) 55–70 (Springer International Publishing, Cham, 2018). – reference: Bornholt, J. et al. A DNA-based archival storage system. Presented at the Twenty-First International Conference on Architectural Support for Programming Languages and Operating Systems (ASPLOS ‘16) (2016). – reference: Heckel, R., Mikutis, G. & Grass, R. N. A characterization of the DNA data storage channel. Preprint at arXivhttps://arxiv.org/abs/1803.03322 (2018). – reference: YachieNSekiyamaKSugaharaJOhashiYTomitaMAlignment-based approach for durable data storage into living organismsBiotechnol. Prog.2007235015051:CAS:528:DC%2BD2sXot1aisg%3D%3D10.1021/bp060261y – reference: IvanovaNVKuzminaMLProtocols for dry DNA storage and shipment at room temperatureMol. Ecol. Resour.2013138908981:CAS:528:DC%2BC3sXht1OqtrnJ10.1111/1755-0998.12134 – reference: ReedISSolomonGPolynomial codes over certain finite fieldsJ. Soc. Ind. Appl. Math.1960830030410.1137/0108018 – reference: BlawatMForward error correction for DNA data storageProcedia Comput. Sci.2016801011102210.1016/j.procs.2016.05.398 – reference: Tavella, F. et al. DNA molecular storage system: transferring digitally encoded information through bacterial nanonetworks. Preprint at arXivhttps://arxiv.org/abs/1801.04774 (2018). – reference: PerliSDCuiCHLuTKContinuous genetic recording with self-targeting CRISPR-Cas in human cellsScience2016353aag051110.1126/science.aag0511 – reference: Choi, Y. et al. Addition of degenerate bases to DNA-based data storage for increased information capacity. Preprint at bioRxivhttps://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/367052v1 (2018). – reference: AilenbergMRotsteinODAn improved Huffman coding method for archiving text, images, and music characters in DNABiotechniques2009477477541:CAS:528:DC%2BD1MXhtFKmurjK10.2144/000113218 – reference: PortneyNGWuYQuezadaLKLonardiSOzkanMLength-based encoding of binary data in DNALangmuir200824161316161:CAS:528:DC%2BD1cXhtFCht70%3D10.1021/la703235y – reference: ChurchGMGaoYKosuriSNext-generation digital information storage in DNAScience2012337162816281:CAS:528:DC%2BC38Xhtl2ntrrL10.1126/science.1226355 – reference: AlbrechtTRBit-patterned magnetic recording: theory, media fabrication, and recording performanceIEEE Trans. Magn.201551080034210.1109/TMAG.2015.2397880 – reference: HamTSLeeSKKeaslingJDArkinAPDesign and construction of a double inversion recombination switch for heritable sequential genetic memoryPLOS ONE2008310.1371/journal.pone.0002815 – reference: YazdiSMHTYuanYMaJZhaoHMilenkovicOARewritable, random-access DNA-based storage systemSci. Rep.2015510.1038/srep14138This paper proposes PCR-based random access – reference: BancroftCLong-term storage of information in DNAScience2001293176317651:CAS:528:DC%2BD3MXmvVSmsbc%3D10.1126/science.293.5536.1763c – reference: JensenMADavisRWTemplate-independent enzymatic oligonucleotide synthesis (TiEOS): its history, prospects, and challengesBiochemistry201857182118321:CAS:528:DC%2BC1cXktlKhsr8%3D10.1021/acs.biochem.7b00937 – reference: GoldmanNTowards practical, high-capacity, low-maintenance information storage in synthesized DNANature201349477801:CAS:528:DC%2BC3sXhsVygsLg%3D10.1038/nature11875Church et al. (2012) and Goldman et al. (2013) feature key work on the modern reincarnation and demonstration of DNA data storage ideas – reference: BonnetJChain and conformation stability of solid-state DNA: implications for room temperature storageNucleic Acids Res.2009381531154610.1093/nar/gkp1060 – reference: AritaMOhashiYSecret signatures inside genomic DNABiotechnol. Prog.200420160516071:CAS:528:DC%2BD2cXlsFaht7o%3D10.1021/bp049917i – reference: TangWLiuDRRewritable multi-event analog recording in bacterial and mammalian cellsScience201836010.1126/science.aap8992 – reference: YangLPermanent genetic memory with>1-byte capacityNat. Methods201411126112661:CAS:528:DC%2BC2cXhvVSqsbnE10.1038/nmeth.3147 – reference: ShipmanSLNivalaJMacklisJDChurchGMMolecular recordings by directed CRISPR spacer acquisitionScience2016353aaf117510.1126/science.aaf1175This paper describes the first demonstration that the CRISPR–Cas adaptation system can be used to store DNA oligonucleotides of arbitrary sequence within the genome – reference: WongPCWongK-kFooteHOrganic data memory using the DNA approachCommun. ACM200346959810.1145/602421.602426 – reference: CaruthersMHThe chemical synthesis of DNA/RNA: our gift to scienceJ. Biol. Chem.2013288142014271:CAS:528:DC%2BC3sXosFOksw%3D%3D10.1074/jbc.X112.442855 – volume: 27 start-page: 379 year: 1948 ident: 125_CR36 publication-title: Bell Syst. Tech. J. doi: 10.1002/j.1538-7305.1948.tb01338.x – volume: 109 start-page: 8884 year: 2012 ident: 125_CR62 publication-title: Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA doi: 10.1073/pnas.1202344109 – volume: 9 year: 2013 ident: 125_CR27 publication-title: PLOS Comput. Biol. doi: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1003145 – volume: 5 year: 2015 ident: 125_CR31 publication-title: Sci. Rep. doi: 10.1038/srep14138 – ident: 125_CR71 – volume: 353 start-page: aaf1175 year: 2016 ident: 125_CR24 publication-title: Science doi: 10.1126/science.aaf1175 – ident: 125_CR40 doi: 10.1101/433524 – volume: 34 start-page: 518 year: 2016 ident: 125_CR46 publication-title: Nat. Biotechnol. doi: 10.1038/nbt.3423 – ident: 125_CR10 – volume: 23 start-page: 501 year: 2007 ident: 125_CR16 publication-title: Biotechnol. Prog. doi: 10.1021/bp060261y – volume: 11 start-page: 1261 year: 2014 ident: 125_CR65 publication-title: Nat. Methods doi: 10.1038/nmeth.3147 – volume: 337 start-page: 1628 year: 2012 ident: 125_CR19 publication-title: Science doi: 10.1126/science.1226355 – volume: 399 start-page: 533 year: 1999 ident: 125_CR12 publication-title: Nature doi: 10.1038/21092 – volume: 80 start-page: 1011 year: 2016 ident: 125_CR72 publication-title: Procedia Comput. Sci. doi: 10.1016/j.procs.2016.05.398 – volume: 55 start-page: 70 year: 1996 ident: 125_CR11 publication-title: Art J. doi: 10.1080/00043249.1996.10791743 – volume: 329 start-page: 52 year: 2010 ident: 125_CR22 publication-title: Science doi: 10.1126/science.1190719 – volume: 38 start-page: 1531 year: 2009 ident: 125_CR51 publication-title: Nucleic Acids Res. doi: 10.1093/nar/gkp1060 – ident: 125_CR54 doi: 10.1101/439521 – volume: 46 start-page: 95 year: 2003 ident: 125_CR14 publication-title: Commun. ACM doi: 10.1145/602421.602426 – volume: 18 start-page: 345 year: 2017 ident: 125_CR56 publication-title: Nat. Rev. Genet. doi: 10.1038/nrg.2017.15 – volume: 268 start-page: 583 year: 1995 ident: 125_CR47 publication-title: Science doi: 10.1126/science.7725109 – ident: 125_CR49 – volume: 13 start-page: 890 year: 2013 ident: 125_CR52 publication-title: Mol. Ecol. Resour. doi: 10.1111/1755-0998.12134 – ident: 125_CR5 – ident: 125_CR28 doi: 10.1145/2872362.2872397 – volume: 15 start-page: 366 year: 2016 ident: 125_CR4 publication-title: Nat. Mater. doi: 10.1038/nmat4594 – ident: 125_CR34 – volume: 279 start-page: 4724 year: 2012 ident: 125_CR50 publication-title: Proc. Biol. Sci. doi: 10.1098/rspb.2012.1745 – volume: 8 start-page: 170 year: 2014 ident: 125_CR53 publication-title: Forens. Sci. Int. Genet. doi: 10.1016/j.fsigen.2013.09.003 – volume: 54 start-page: 2552 year: 2015 ident: 125_CR6 publication-title: Angew. Chem. doi: 10.1002/anie.201411378 – ident: 125_CR1 – volume: 7 year: 2017 ident: 125_CR43 publication-title: Sci. Rep. doi: 10.1038/s41598-017-05188-1 – volume: 2 start-page: 365 year: 2018 ident: 125_CR2 publication-title: Nat. Rev. Chem. doi: 10.1038/s41570-018-0051-5 – ident: 125_CR38 – volume: 355 start-page: 950 year: 2017 ident: 125_CR32 publication-title: Science doi: 10.1126/science.aaj2038 – volume: 23 start-page: R812 year: 2013 ident: 125_CR59 publication-title: Curr. Biol. doi: 10.1016/j.cub.2013.06.047 – volume: 288 start-page: 1420 year: 2013 ident: 125_CR33 publication-title: J. Biol. Chem. doi: 10.1074/jbc.X112.442855 – volume: 5 start-page: 413 year: 2012 ident: 125_CR55 publication-title: Annu. Rev. Anal. Chem. doi: 10.1146/annurev-anchem-062011-143028 – volume: 47 start-page: 747 year: 2009 ident: 125_CR18 publication-title: Biotechniques doi: 10.2144/000113218 – volume: 51 start-page: 0800342 year: 2015 ident: 125_CR35 publication-title: IEEE Trans. Magn. doi: 10.1109/TMAG.2015.2397880 – volume: 17 start-page: 333 year: 2016 ident: 125_CR44 publication-title: Nat. Rev. Genet. doi: 10.1038/nrg.2016.49 – volume: 550 start-page: 345 year: 2017 ident: 125_CR45 publication-title: Nature doi: 10.1038/nature24286 – volume: 36 start-page: 242 year: 2018 ident: 125_CR3 publication-title: Nat. Biotechnol. doi: 10.1038/nbt.4079 – volume: 36 start-page: 645 year: 2018 ident: 125_CR42 publication-title: Nat. Biotechnol. doi: 10.1038/nbt.4173 – volume: 8 start-page: 300 year: 1960 ident: 125_CR37 publication-title: J. Soc. Ind. Appl. Math. doi: 10.1137/0108018 – volume: 57 start-page: 1821 year: 2018 ident: 125_CR41 publication-title: Biochemistry doi: 10.1021/acs.biochem.7b00937 – ident: 125_CR58 – volume: 353 start-page: aad8559 year: 2016 ident: 125_CR64 publication-title: Science doi: 10.1126/science.aad8559 – volume: 346 start-page: 1258096 year: 2014 ident: 125_CR68 publication-title: Science doi: 10.1126/science.1258096 – volume: 353 start-page: aag0511 year: 2016 ident: 125_CR23 publication-title: Science doi: 10.1126/science.aag0511 – volume: 14 start-page: 195 year: 2017 ident: 125_CR69 publication-title: Nat. Methods doi: 10.1038/nmeth.4108 – volume: 20 start-page: 1605 year: 2004 ident: 125_CR15 publication-title: Biotechnol. Prog. doi: 10.1021/bp049917i – volume: 346 start-page: 1256272 year: 2014 ident: 125_CR66 publication-title: Science doi: 10.1126/science.1256272 – volume: 56 start-page: 84 year: 1964 ident: 125_CR8 publication-title: US News World Rep. – volume: 140 start-page: 13 year: 2010 ident: 125_CR60 publication-title: Cell doi: 10.1016/j.cell.2009.12.034 – ident: 125_CR21 doi: 10.1101/348987 – volume: 360 year: 2018 ident: 125_CR26 publication-title: Science doi: 10.1126/science.aap8992 – volume: 11 start-page: 499 year: 2014 ident: 125_CR30 publication-title: Nat. Methods doi: 10.1038/nmeth.2918 – ident: 125_CR29 doi: 10.1109/ISIT.2017.8007106 – volume: 324 start-page: 1199 year: 2009 ident: 125_CR63 publication-title: Science doi: 10.1126/science.1172005 – volume: 6 start-page: 1 year: 1965 ident: 125_CR9 publication-title: Radiotekhnika – volume: 358 start-page: 1457 year: 2017 ident: 125_CR25 publication-title: Science doi: 10.1126/science.aao0958 – ident: 125_CR57 – volume: 526 start-page: 55 year: 2015 ident: 125_CR67 publication-title: Nature doi: 10.1038/nature15386 – volume: 19 start-page: 718 year: 2018 ident: 125_CR7 publication-title: Nat. Rev. Genet. doi: 10.1038/s41576-018-0052-8 – volume: 8 start-page: 056506 year: 2018 ident: 125_CR48 publication-title: AIP Adv. doi: 10.1063/1.5007621 – volume: 24 start-page: 1613 year: 2008 ident: 125_CR17 publication-title: Langmuir doi: 10.1021/la703235y – volume: 494 start-page: 77 year: 2013 ident: 125_CR20 publication-title: Nature doi: 10.1038/nature11875 – volume: 293 start-page: 1763 year: 2001 ident: 125_CR13 publication-title: Science doi: 10.1126/science.293.5536.1763c – ident: 125_CR39 doi: 10.1101/367052 – volume: 3 year: 2008 ident: 125_CR61 publication-title: PLOS ONE doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0002815 – volume: 547 start-page: 345 year: 2017 ident: 125_CR70 publication-title: Nature doi: 10.1038/nature23017
SSID	ssj0016173
Score	2.7000313
SecondaryResourceType	review_article
Snippet	Molecular data storage is an attractive alternative for dense and durable information storage, which is sorely needed to deal with the growing gap between...
SourceID	proquest gale pubmed crossref springer
SourceType	Aggregation Database Index Database Enrichment Source Publisher
StartPage	456
SubjectTerms	631/208/514/1948 631/337/151/1431 631/553/2720 631/92/147 639/301/1005/1008 639/925/926/1047 Agriculture Analysis Animal Genetics and Genomics Animals Biomedical and Life Sciences Biomedicine Biotechnology Biotechnology - methods Cancer Research Deoxyribonucleic acid DNA DNA - genetics DNA sequencing Gene expression Gene Function Human Genetics Humans Information storage Information storage and retrieval Information Storage and Retrieval - methods Nucleotide sequencing Review Article
Title	Molecular digital data storage using DNA
URI	https://link.springer.com/article/10.1038/s41576-019-0125-3 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31068682 https://www.proquest.com/docview/2259351168 https://www.proquest.com/docview/2231953205
Volume	20
WOSCitedRecordID	wos000475969100006&url=https%3A%2F%2Fcvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com%2F%23%21%2Fsearch%3Fho%3Df%26include.ft.matches%3Dt%26l%3Dnull%26q%3D
hasFullText	1
inHoldings	1
isFullTextHit
isPrint
journalDatabaseRights	– providerCode: PRVPQU databaseName: Nursing & Allied Health Database customDbUrl: eissn: 1471-0064 dateEnd: 20241212 omitProxy: false ssIdentifier: ssj0016173 issn: 1471-0056 databaseCode: 7RV dateStart: 20001001 isFulltext: true titleUrlDefault: https://search.proquest.com/nahs providerName: ProQuest
link	http://cvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwpV1Lb9QwEB7RFiQuvB-BsgSEBCqyGjsv54SW0goOrFbLQ3uzHMdeVULZ0uwi8e-ZSZyUVKIXLr5kEsUz43lkJvMBvOJORNKUCUNXggmKKxwrS1uxVMsydYUWedqBTeSzmVwui7n_4Nb4tsreJraGulob-kZ-iHpXUNErk-_OfjJCjaLqqofQ2IE9mpIg2ta9-VBFyLoKM0cDzGjmZV_VjOVhg44rp1yauoVEyuKRX7psnf9yT5fqpa0bOrn9vxu4A7d8ABpOO425C9dsfQ9udJCUv-_Dm889Xm5Yna4IUSSkJtKQmijR9ITUJ78KP8ymD-DbyfHXo4_Moykwk0bJhpUuMU7KIrUZrzAtFBYzpSLVlluMIhISTOQMl0WVu0QXVULBQJnFPJY6QpHGD2G3Xtf2MYQUhUWpc4k0GL6UojDaiarUOufccp4HEPW8VMaPGifEix-qLXnHUnXsV8h-RexXcQAHwy1n3ZyNq4ifk4BU96vocEbVtIUnxAwOKV62FDThoqYWmpXeNo369GUxInrtidwaX89o_0cCbpKGYo0o90eUeATN-HIvcuVNQKMu5B3Ai-Ey3UltbbVdb4kmpjKmiNIAHnUaNuwe4-5MZlIE8LZXuYuH_5M1T65-ladwU7Q6Tx2M-7C7Od_aZ3Dd_NqcNucT2MkX32ld5u0qcZVHfAJ7749n88WkPV1_AP0VHok
linkProvider	ProQuest
linkToHtml	http://cvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMw1V1Lb9QwEB6VAoILzwKBQgMCgUBWEydOnANCq5aqq7YrBK3Um-s49qoSypZmF9Q_xW9kJq-SSvTWA-dMLDsznvFkPs8H8Dp0PJAmjxmGEkxQXOZYntuCCS1z4TLNU9GQTaSTiTw8zL4swe_uLgzBKjufWDvqYmboH_k62l1GRa9Efjr5wYg1iqqrHYVGYxY79uwXpmzVx_Em6vcN51uf9ze2WcsqwIwI4jnLXWyclJmwSVhgesQtZgyZ0Da0GE1jmmDgTCizInWxzoqYgmKeRGEkdYBLi3Dca3CdOtnRjpIbPaSEUoUa0I8On1GPza6KGsn1CgNlSrk7oZO4YNEgDl6MBn-Fwwv12Trsbd393z7YPbjTHrD9UbMj7sOSLR_AzYZy8-whvNvr-ID94nhKjCk-gWR9Aomia_XpHsDU35yMVuDgSqb5CJbLWWmfgE-nzEA4F0uDx7OcZ0Y7XuRap2FowzD1IOh0p0zbSp0YPb6ruqQfSdWoW6G6FalbRR687185afqIXCa8RgahmquwvQ9So5p-ETNUlHhVS1AHj5IgQlO9qCo1_vZ1IPS2FXIznJ7R7Y0LXCQ1_RpIrg4k0cWY4ePOxFTr4ip1bl8evOwf05sE2yvtbEEyEZVpeSA8eNxYdL96zCsSmUjuwYfOxM8H_-eneXr5VNbg1vb-3q7aHU92nsFtXu83QmuuwvL8dGGfww3zc35cnb6od64PR1dt-X8AJcd0Aw
linkToPdf	http://cvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMw1V1Lb9QwEB6VLSAuvB-BQgMCgUDRxs7LOSC0sF2xKqxWLUi9GcexV5VQtjS7oP41fh0zeZVUorceOGdi2ZnPM57MeD6A58xyX-gs9NCVYIBiU-tlmcm9SIkssqniSVSTTSSzmTg4SOcb8Lu9C0Nlla1NrAx1vtT0j3yIuEsp6RWLoW3KIubjybujHx4xSFGmtaXTqCGya05-YfhWvp2OUdcvOJ_sfPnw0WsYBjwd-eHKy2yorRBpZGKWY6jEDUYPaaQMM-hZQ5qsbzUTaZ7YUKV5SA4yiwMWCOXjMgMc9xJsJnjICAew-X5nNt_rchhxnd9maP496rjZ5lQDMSzRbSYUyVOtEo-8oOcVz_qGv5zjmWxt5QQnN_7nz3cTrjdHb3dU75VbsGGK23ClJuM8uQOvPrdMwW5-uCAuFZfKZ10qH0Wj69INgYU7no3uwtcLmeY9GBTLwjwAl86ffmRtKDQe3DKeamV5nimVMGYYSxzwWz1K3TRZJ66P77JK9gdC1qqXqHpJqpeBA6-7V47qDiPnCW8TOGR9SbazTnJUETNi7IoSzyoJ6u1RkJoXal2Wcrq_1xN62QjZJU5Pq-YuBi6S2oH1JLd6kmh8dP9xCzfZGL9SnmLNgafdY3qTCvoKs1yTTEAJXO5HDtyv0d2tHiOOWMSCO_Cmhfvp4P_8NA_Pn8o2XEXAy0_T2e4juMarrUdlnFswWB2vzWO4rH-uDsvjJ802duHbRUP_D8erfmE
openUrl	ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info%3Aofi%2Fenc%3AUTF-8&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsummon.serialssolutions.com&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Molecular+digital+data+storage+using+DNA&rft.jtitle=Nature+reviews.+Genetics&rft.au=Ceze%2C+Luis&rft.au=Nivala%2C+Jeff&rft.au=Strauss%2C+Karin&rft.date=2019-08-01&rft.issn=1471-0064&rft.eissn=1471-0064&rft.volume=20&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=456&rft_id=info:doi/10.1038%2Fs41576-019-0125-3&rft.externalDBID=NO_FULL_TEXT
thumbnail_l	http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/lc.gif&issn=1471-0056&client=summon
thumbnail_m	http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/mc.gif&issn=1471-0056&client=summon
thumbnail_s	http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/sc.gif&issn=1471-0056&client=summon