Transstadial Transmission and Long-term Association of Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever Virus in Ticks Shapes Genome Plasticity

The trade-off hypothesis, the current paradigm of arbovirus evolution, proposes that cycling between vertebrate and invertebrate hosts presents significant constraints on genetic change of arboviruses. Studying these constraints in mosquito-borne viruses has led to a new understanding of epizootics....

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Vydané v:Scientific reports Ročník 6; číslo 1; s. 35819
Hlavní autori: Xia, Han, Beck, Andrew S., Gargili, Aysen, Forrester, Naomi, Barrett, Alan D. T., Bente, Dennis A.
Médium: Journal Article
Jazyk:English
Vydavateľské údaje: London Nature Publishing Group UK 24.10.2016
Nature Publishing Group
Predmet:
45/91
631/326/596/2554
631/326/596/2564
64
Animals
Arachnids
Crimean hemorrhagic fever
Disease transmission
Epizootics
Evolution
Female
Genetic diversity
Genome, Viral - genetics
Genomes
Hemorrhage
Hemorrhagic Fever Virus, Crimean-Congo - genetics
Hemorrhagic Fever Virus, Crimean-Congo - pathogenicity
Hemorrhagic Fever, Crimean - transmission
Host-Pathogen Interactions - genetics
Humanities and Social Sciences
Hypotheses
Ixodidae - physiology
Ixodidae - virology
Mammals - virology
Mice, Knockout
multidisciplinary
Mutation
Nymph - virology
Science
STAT1 Transcription Factor - genetics
Vertebrates
Virulence
ISSN:2045-2322, 2045-2322
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Shrnutí:The trade-off hypothesis, the current paradigm of arbovirus evolution, proposes that cycling between vertebrate and invertebrate hosts presents significant constraints on genetic change of arboviruses. Studying these constraints in mosquito-borne viruses has led to a new understanding of epizootics. The trade-off hypothesis is assumed to be applicable to tick-borne viruses too, although studies are lacking. Tick-borne Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus (CCHFV), a member of the family Bunyaviridae , is a major cause of severe human disease worldwide and shows an extraordinary amount of genetic diversity compared to other arboviruses, which has been linked to increased virulence and emergence in new environments. Using a transmission model for CCHFV, utilizing the main vector tick species and mice plus next generation sequencing, we detected a substantial number of consensus-level mutations in CCHFV recovered from ticks after only a single transstadial transmission, whereas none were detected in CCHFV obtained from the mammalian host. Furthermore, greater viral intra-host diversity was detected in the tick compared to the vertebrate host. Long-term association of CCHFV with its tick host for 1 year demonstrated mutations in the viral genome become fixed over time. These findings suggest that the trade-off hypothesis may not be accurate for all arboviruses.
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ISSN:2045-2322
2045-2322
DOI:10.1038/srep35819