Simulating measurable ecosystem carbon and nitrogen dynamics with the mechanistically defined MEMS 2.0 model

For decades, predominant soil biogeochemical models have used conceptual soil organic matter (SOM) pools and only simulated them to a shallow depth in soil. Efforts to overcome these limitations have prompted the development of the new generation SOM models, including MEMS 1.0, which represents meas...

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Published in:	Biogeosciences Vol. 18; no. 10; pp. 3147 - 3171
Main Authors:	Zhang, Yao, Lavallee, Jocelyn M., Robertson, Andy D., Even, Rebecca, Ogle, Stephen M., Paustian, Keith, Cotrufo, M. Francesca
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	Katlenburg-Lindau Copernicus GmbH 26.05.2021 Copernicus Publications, EGU Copernicus Publications
Subjects:	Accuracy Analysis Biogeochemistry Calibration Carbon Carbon content Decomposition Dynamics Ecosystem models Ecosystems Efficiency Environmental aspects ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES environmental sciences & ecology Evapotranspiration Farming systems Forest management geology Grasslands Hypotheses Immobilization Microelectromechanical systems Mineralization Moisture content Nitrogen Organic matter Plant growth Primary production Root zone Seasonal variation Seasonal variations Simulation Soil Soil organic matter Soil profiles Soil properties Soil temperature Soil water Soils Stocks Temperature
ISSN:	1726-4189, 1726-4170, 1726-4189
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Abstract	For decades, predominant soil biogeochemical models have used conceptual soil organic matter (SOM) pools and only simulated them to a shallow depth in soil. Efforts to overcome these limitations have prompted the development of the new generation SOM models, including MEMS 1.0, which represents measurable biophysical SOM fractions, over the entire root zone, and embodies recent understanding of the processes that govern SOM dynamics. Here we present the result of continued development of the MEMS model, version 2.0. MEMS 2.0 is a full ecosystem model with modules simulating plant growth with above- and belowground inputs, soil water and temperature by layer, decomposition of plant inputs and SOM, and mineralization and immobilization of nitrogen (N). The model simulates two commonly measured SOM pools – particulate and mineral-associated organic matter (POM and MAOM, respectively). We present results of calibration and validation of the model with several grassland sites in the US. MEMS 2.0 generally captured the soil carbon (C) stocks (R2 of 0.89 and 0.6 for calibration and validation, respectively) and their distributions between POM and MAOM throughout the entire soil profile. The simulated soil N matches measurements but with lower accuracy (R2 of 0.73 and 0.31 for calibration and validation of total N in SOM, respectively) than for soil C. Simulated soil water and temperature were compared with measurements, and the accuracy is comparable to the other commonly used models. The seasonal variation in gross primary production (GPP; R2 = 0.83), ecosystem respiration (ER; R2 = 0.89), net ecosystem exchange (NEE; R2 = 0.67), and evapotranspiration (ET; R2 = 0.71) was well captured by the model. We will further develop the model to represent forest and agricultural systems and improve it to incorporate new understanding of SOM decomposition.
AbstractList	For decades, predominant soil biogeochemical models have used conceptual soil organic matter (SOM) pools and only simulated them to a shallow depth in soil. Efforts to overcome these limitations have prompted the development of the new generation SOM models, including MEMS 1.0, which represents measurable biophysical SOM fractions, over the entire root zone, and embodies recent understanding of the processes that govern SOM dynamics. Here we present the result of continued development of the MEMS model, version 2.0. MEMS 2.0 is a full ecosystem model with modules simulating plant growth with above- and belowground inputs, soil water and temperature by layer, decomposition of plant inputs and SOM, and mineralization and immobilization of nitrogen (N). The model simulates two commonly measured SOM pools – particulate and mineral-associated organic matter (POM and MAOM, respectively). We present results of calibration and validation of the model with several grassland sites in the US. MEMS 2.0 generally captured the soil carbon (C) stocks (R2 of 0.89 and 0.6 for calibration and validation, respectively) and their distributions between POM and MAOM throughout the entire soil profile. The simulated soil N matches measurements but with lower accuracy (R2 of 0.73 and 0.31 for calibration and validation of total N in SOM, respectively) than for soil C. Simulated soil water and temperature were compared with measurements, and the accuracy is comparable to the other commonly used models. The seasonal variation in gross primary production (GPP; R2 = 0.83), ecosystem respiration (ER; R2 = 0.89), net ecosystem exchange (NEE; R2 = 0.67), and evapotranspiration (ET; R2 = 0.71) was well captured by the model. We will further develop the model to represent forest and agricultural systems and improve it to incorporate new understanding of SOM decomposition. For decades, predominant soil biogeochemical models have used conceptual soil organic matter (SOM) pools and only simulated them to a shallow depth in soil. Efforts to overcome these limitations have prompted the development of the new generation SOM models, including MEMS 1.0, which represents measurable biophysical SOM fractions, over the entire root zone, and embodies recent understanding of the processes that govern SOM dynamics. Here we present the result of continued development of the MEMS model, version 2.0. MEMS 2.0 is a full ecosystem model with modules simulating plant growth with above- and belowground inputs, soil water and temperature by layer, decomposition of plant inputs and SOM, and mineralization and immobilization of nitrogen (N). The model simulates two commonly measured SOM pools – particulate and mineral-associated organic matter (POM and MAOM, respectively). We present results of calibration and validation of the model with several grassland sites in the US. MEMS 2.0 generally captured the soil carbon (C) stocks (R2 of 0.89 and 0.6 for calibration and validation, respectively) and their distributions between POM and MAOM throughout the entire soil profile. The simulated soil N matches measurements but with lower accuracy (R2 of 0.73 and 0.31 for calibration and validation of total N in SOM, respectively) than for soil C. Simulated soil water and temperature were compared with measurements, and the accuracy is comparable to the other commonly used models. The seasonal variation in gross primary production (GPP; R2 = 0.83), ecosystem respiration (ER; R2 = 0.89), net ecosystem exchange (NEE; R2 = 0.67), and evapotranspiration (ET; R2 = 0.71) was well captured by the model. We will further develop the model to represent forest and agricultural systems and improve it to incorporate new understanding of SOM decomposition. For decades, predominant soil biogeochemical models have used conceptual soil organic matter (SOM) pools and only simulated them to a shallow depth in soil. Efforts to overcome these limitations have prompted the development of the new generation SOM models, including MEMS 1.0, which represents measurable biophysical SOM fractions, over the entire root zone, and embodies recent understanding of the processes that govern SOM dynamics. Here we present the result of continued development of the MEMS model, version 2.0. MEMS 2.0 is a full ecosystem model with modules simulating plant growth with above- and belowground inputs, soil water and temperature by layer, decomposition of plant inputs and SOM, and mineralization and immobilization of nitrogen (N). The model simulates two commonly measured SOM pools - particulate and mineral-associated organic matter (POM and MAOM, respectively). We present results of calibration and validation of the model with several grassland sites in the US. MEMS 2.0 generally captured the soil carbon (C) stocks (R.sup.2 of 0.89 and 0.6 for calibration and validation, respectively) and their distributions between POM and MAOM throughout the entire soil profile. The simulated soil N matches measurements but with lower accuracy (R.sup.2 of 0.73 and 0.31 for calibration and validation of total N in SOM, respectively) than for soil C. Simulated soil water and temperature were compared with measurements, and the accuracy is comparable to the other commonly used models. The seasonal variation in gross primary production (GPP; R.sup.2 = 0.83), ecosystem respiration (ER; R.sup.2 = 0.89), net ecosystem exchange (NEE; R.sup.2 = 0.67), and evapotranspiration (ET; R.sup.2 = 0.71) was well captured by the model. We will further develop the model to represent forest and agricultural systems and improve it to incorporate new understanding of SOM decomposition. For decades, predominant soil biogeochemical models have used conceptual soil organic matter (SOM) pools and only simulated them to a shallow depth in soil. Efforts to overcome these limitations have prompted the development of the new generation SOM models, including MEMS 1.0, which represents measurable biophysical SOM fractions, over the entire root zone, and embodies recent understanding of the processes that govern SOM dynamics. Here we present the result of continued development of the MEMS model, version 2.0. MEMS 2.0 is a full ecosystem model with modules simulating plant growth with above- and belowground inputs, soil water and temperature by layer, decomposition of plant inputs and SOM, and mineralization and immobilization of nitrogen (N). The model simulates two commonly measured SOM pools – particulate and mineral-associated organic matter (POM and MAOM, respectively). We present results of calibration and validation of the model with several grassland sites in the US. MEMS 2.0 generally captured the soil carbon (C) stocks (R2 of 0.89 and 0.6 for calibration and validation, respectively) and their distributions between POM and MAOM throughout the entire soil profile. The simulated soil N matches measurements but with lower accuracy (R2 of 0.73 and 0.31 for calibration and validation of total N in SOM, respectively) than for soil C. Simulated soil water and temperature were compared with measurements, and the accuracy is comparable to the other commonly used models. The seasonal variation in gross primary production (GPP; R2 = 0.83), ecosystem respiration (ER; R2 = 0.89), net ecosystem exchange (NEE; R2 = 0.67), and evapotranspiration (ET; R2 = 0.71) was well captured by the model. We will further develop the model to represent forest and agricultural systems and improve it to incorporate new understanding of SOM decomposition.
Audience	Academic
Author	Lavallee, Jocelyn M. Cotrufo, M. Francesca Robertson, Andy D. Ogle, Stephen M. Paustian, Keith Zhang, Yao Even, Rebecca
Author_xml	– sequence: 1 givenname: Yao orcidid: 0000-0002-2669-1378 surname: Zhang fullname: Zhang, Yao – sequence: 2 givenname: Jocelyn M. surname: Lavallee fullname: Lavallee, Jocelyn M. – sequence: 3 givenname: Andy D. surname: Robertson fullname: Robertson, Andy D. – sequence: 4 givenname: Rebecca surname: Even fullname: Even, Rebecca – sequence: 5 givenname: Stephen M. surname: Ogle fullname: Ogle, Stephen M. – sequence: 6 givenname: Keith surname: Paustian fullname: Paustian, Keith – sequence: 7 givenname: M. Francesca surname: Cotrufo fullname: Cotrufo, M. Francesca
BackLink	https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1784795$$D View this record in Osti.gov
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Snippet	For decades, predominant soil biogeochemical models have used conceptual soil organic matter (SOM) pools and only simulated them to a shallow depth in soil.... For decades, predominant soil biogeochemical models have used conceptual soil organic matter (SOM) pools and only simulated them to a shallow depth in soil....
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SubjectTerms	Accuracy Analysis Biogeochemistry Calibration Carbon Carbon content Decomposition Dynamics Ecosystem models Ecosystems Efficiency Environmental aspects ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES environmental sciences & ecology Evapotranspiration Farming systems Forest management geology Grasslands Hypotheses Immobilization Microelectromechanical systems Mineralization Moisture content Nitrogen Organic matter Plant growth Primary production Root zone Seasonal variation Seasonal variations Simulation Soil Soil organic matter Soil profiles Soil properties Soil temperature Soil water Soils Stocks Temperature
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Title	Simulating measurable ecosystem carbon and nitrogen dynamics with the mechanistically defined MEMS 2.0 model
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