Small RNA-based antimicrobial immunity

Protection against microbial infection in eukaryotes is provided by diverse cellular and molecular mechanisms. Here, we present a comparative view of the antiviral activity of virus-derived small interfering RNAs in fungi, plants, invertebrates and mammals, detailing the mechanisms for their product...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Nature reviews. Immunology Vol. 19; no. 1; pp. 31 - 44
Main Authors: Guo, Zhongxin, Li, Yang, Ding, Shou-Wei
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: England Nature Publishing Group 01.01.2019
Subjects:
Animals
Anti-Infective Agents - immunology
Antimicrobial agents
Antiviral activity
Eukaryotic Cells - immunology
Fungi
Host-Pathogen Interactions - immunology
Humans
Mammals
Mammals - immunology
Molecular modelling
Pathogens
Plant viruses
Plants - immunology
RNA Interference - immunology
RNA, Small Interfering - immunology
RNA-mediated interference
Virulence
ISSN:1474-1733, 1474-1741, 1474-1741
Online Access:Get full text
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Summary:Protection against microbial infection in eukaryotes is provided by diverse cellular and molecular mechanisms. Here, we present a comparative view of the antiviral activity of virus-derived small interfering RNAs in fungi, plants, invertebrates and mammals, detailing the mechanisms for their production, amplification and activity. We also highlight the recent discovery of viral PIWI-interacting RNAs in animals and a new role for mobile host and pathogen small RNAs in plant defence against eukaryotic pathogens. In turn, viruses that infect plants, insects and mammals, as well as eukaryotic pathogens of plants, have evolved specific virulence proteins that suppress RNA interference (RNAi). Together, these advances suggest that an antimicrobial function of the RNAi pathway is conserved across eukaryotic kingdoms.
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ISSN:1474-1733
1474-1741
1474-1741
DOI:10.1038/s41577-018-0071-x