Evaluation of osteocalcin and pyridinium crosslinks of bone collagen as markers of bone turnover in gingival crevicular fluid during different stages of orthodontic treatment
. Osteocalcin (Oc) and the collagen cross‐links pyridinoline (Pyr) and deoxypyridinoline (dPyr) arc used as markers of bone turnover in metabolic bone diseases. The aims of this study were: 1) to establish if Oc, Pyr and dPyr can be detected in GCF and 2) using the orthodontic tooth movement model o...
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| Vydané v: | Journal of clinical periodontology Ročník 25; číslo 6; s. 492 - 498 |
|---|---|
| Hlavní autori: | , , , |
| Médium: | Journal Article |
| Jazyk: | English |
| Vydavateľské údaje: |
Oxford, UK
Blackwell Publishing Ltd
01.06.1998
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| Predmet: | |
| ISSN: | 0303-6979, 1600-051X |
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| Abstract | . Osteocalcin (Oc) and the collagen cross‐links pyridinoline (Pyr) and deoxypyridinoline (dPyr) arc used as markers of bone turnover in metabolic bone diseases. The aims of this study were: 1) to establish if Oc, Pyr and dPyr can be detected in GCF and 2) using the orthodontic tooth movement model of alveolar bone resorption to evaluate GCF levels of osteocalcin and these collagen cross‐links as markers of bone breakdown. Plaque, colour and bleeding indices, probing measurements and GCF samples were collected at two sites in each of 20 adolescents, during 4 stages of fixed appliance therapy: (1) prior to appliance lit. (2) post appliance fit, (3) during active retraction of the maxillary canines. (4) during retention. GCF was collected onto filter paper strips and the volume determined by weighing. An ELISA kit was used for the detection of osteocalcin, whereas Pyr and dPyr were assayed using high performance liquid chromotography (HPLC). Wilcoxon signed ranks test and Bonferroni correction revealed statistically significant increases in plaque (p= 0.012), GCF volume (p= 0.024) and osteocalcin concentration (p= 0.012). between stages 1 and 2. There were no statistically significant differences between the other variables at this stage or between any of the variables at stages 2 and 3, or between stages 3 and 4, All but 3 of the GCF samples yielded detectable osteocalcin, with large site and subject variation. The median values of osteocalcin and osteocalcin concentration of all the samples were 87.,5 pg and 66 pg/μl, with a range of 0–1,248 pg. 0–1,572 pg/μl. The detection of osteocalein in GCF during every stage, the wide variation between subjects, and the lack of a consistent pattern related to stages of orthodontic treatment, suggests that osteocalcin may merely be a constituent of GCF associated with the developing dentition, which would reduce its potential as a marker of bone turnover in this group. None of the 16 GCF samples analysed for Pyr and dPyr gave a positive result. This study confirms that fitting an orthodontic appliance results in plaque accumulation and increased gingival inflammation, and that GCF volume is the most sensitive indicator of that inflammation. Osteocalcin was detected in GCF collected from adolescents, whereas Pyr and dPyr could not be detected. Further work is required lo establish whether GCF osteocalcin levels can be used as a marker of bone turnover, and whether improvements in the sensitivity of detecting Pyr & dPyr make further study of these promising bone markers worthwhile. |
|---|---|
| AbstractList | Osteocalcin (Oc) and the collagen cross-links pyridinoline (Pyr) and deoxypyridinoline (dPyr) are used as markers of bone turnover in metabolic bone diseases. The aims of this study were: 1) to establish if Oc, Pyr and dPyr can be detected in GCF and 2) using the orthodontic tooth movement model of alveolar bone resorption to evaluate GCF levels of osteocalcin and these collagen cross-links as markers of bone breakdown. Plaque, colour and bleeding indices, probing measurements and GCF samples were collected at two sites in each of 20 adolescents, during 4 stages of fixed appliance therapy: (1) prior to appliance fit, (2) post appliance fit, (3) during active retraction of the maxillary canines, (4) during retention. GCF was collected onto filter paper strips and the volume determined by weighing. An ELISA kit was used for the detection of osteocalcin, whereas Pyr and dPyr were assayed using high performance liquid chromotography (HPLC). Wilcoxon signed ranks test and Bonferroni correction revealed statistically significant increases in plaque (p= 0.012), GCF volume (p=0.024) and osteocalcin concentration (p=0.012), between stages 1 and 2. There were no statistically significant differences between the other variables at this stage or between any of the variables at stages 2 and 3, or between stages 3 and 4. All but 3 of the GCF samples yielded detectable osteocalcin, with large site and subject variation. The median values of osteocalcin and osteocalcin concentration of all the samples were 87.5 pg and 66 pg/microl, with a range of 0-1,248 pg, 0-1,572 pg/microl. The detection of osteocalcin in GCF during every stage, the wide variation between subjects, and the lack of a consistent pattern related to stages of orthodontic treatment, suggests that osteocalcin may merely be a constituent of GCF associated with the developing dentition, which would reduce its potential as a marker of bone turnover in this group. None of the 16 GCF samples analysed for Pyr and dPyr gave a positive result. This study confirms that fitting an orthodontic appliance results in plaque accumulation and increased gingival inflammation, and that GCF volume is the most sensitive indicator of that inflammation. Osteocalcin was detected in GCF collected from adolescents, whereas Pyr and dPyr could not be detected. Further work is required to establish whether GCF osteocalcin levels can be used as a marker of bone turnover, and whether improvements in the sensitivity of detecting Pyr & dPyr make further study of these promising bone markers worthwhile.Osteocalcin (Oc) and the collagen cross-links pyridinoline (Pyr) and deoxypyridinoline (dPyr) are used as markers of bone turnover in metabolic bone diseases. The aims of this study were: 1) to establish if Oc, Pyr and dPyr can be detected in GCF and 2) using the orthodontic tooth movement model of alveolar bone resorption to evaluate GCF levels of osteocalcin and these collagen cross-links as markers of bone breakdown. Plaque, colour and bleeding indices, probing measurements and GCF samples were collected at two sites in each of 20 adolescents, during 4 stages of fixed appliance therapy: (1) prior to appliance fit, (2) post appliance fit, (3) during active retraction of the maxillary canines, (4) during retention. GCF was collected onto filter paper strips and the volume determined by weighing. An ELISA kit was used for the detection of osteocalcin, whereas Pyr and dPyr were assayed using high performance liquid chromotography (HPLC). Wilcoxon signed ranks test and Bonferroni correction revealed statistically significant increases in plaque (p= 0.012), GCF volume (p=0.024) and osteocalcin concentration (p=0.012), between stages 1 and 2. There were no statistically significant differences between the other variables at this stage or between any of the variables at stages 2 and 3, or between stages 3 and 4. All but 3 of the GCF samples yielded detectable osteocalcin, with large site and subject variation. The median values of osteocalcin and osteocalcin concentration of all the samples were 87.5 pg and 66 pg/microl, with a range of 0-1,248 pg, 0-1,572 pg/microl. The detection of osteocalcin in GCF during every stage, the wide variation between subjects, and the lack of a consistent pattern related to stages of orthodontic treatment, suggests that osteocalcin may merely be a constituent of GCF associated with the developing dentition, which would reduce its potential as a marker of bone turnover in this group. None of the 16 GCF samples analysed for Pyr and dPyr gave a positive result. This study confirms that fitting an orthodontic appliance results in plaque accumulation and increased gingival inflammation, and that GCF volume is the most sensitive indicator of that inflammation. Osteocalcin was detected in GCF collected from adolescents, whereas Pyr and dPyr could not be detected. Further work is required to establish whether GCF osteocalcin levels can be used as a marker of bone turnover, and whether improvements in the sensitivity of detecting Pyr & dPyr make further study of these promising bone markers worthwhile. Osteocalcin (Oc) and the collagen cross-links pyridinoline (Pyr) and deoxypyridinoline (dPyr) are used as markers of bone turnover in metabolic bone diseases. The aims of this study were: 1) to establish if Oc, Pyr and dPyr can be detected in GCF and 2) using the orthodontic tooth movement model of alveolar bone resorption to evaluate GCF levels of osteocalcin and these collagen cross-links as markers of bone breakdown. Plaque, colour and bleeding indices, probing measurements and GCF samples were collected at two sites in each of 20 adolescents, during 4 stages of fixed appliance therapy: (1) prior to appliance fit, (2) post appliance fit, (3) during active retraction of the maxillary canines, (4) during retention. GCF was collected onto filter paper strips and the volume determined by weighing. An ELISA kit was used for the detection of osteocalcin, whereas Pyr and dPyr were assayed using high performance liquid chromotography (HPLC). Wilcoxon signed ranks test and Bonferroni correction revealed statistically significant increases in plaque (p= 0.012), GCF volume (p=0.024) and osteocalcin concentration (p=0.012), between stages 1 and 2. There were no statistically significant differences between the other variables at this stage or between any of the variables at stages 2 and 3, or between stages 3 and 4. All but 3 of the GCF samples yielded detectable osteocalcin, with large site and subject variation. The median values of osteocalcin and osteocalcin concentration of all the samples were 87.5 pg and 66 pg/microl, with a range of 0-1,248 pg, 0-1,572 pg/microl. The detection of osteocalcin in GCF during every stage, the wide variation between subjects, and the lack of a consistent pattern related to stages of orthodontic treatment, suggests that osteocalcin may merely be a constituent of GCF associated with the developing dentition, which would reduce its potential as a marker of bone turnover in this group. None of the 16 GCF samples analysed for Pyr and dPyr gave a positive result. This study confirms that fitting an orthodontic appliance results in plaque accumulation and increased gingival inflammation, and that GCF volume is the most sensitive indicator of that inflammation. Osteocalcin was detected in GCF collected from adolescents, whereas Pyr and dPyr could not be detected. Further work is required to establish whether GCF osteocalcin levels can be used as a marker of bone turnover, and whether improvements in the sensitivity of detecting Pyr & dPyr make further study of these promising bone markers worthwhile. Osteocalcin (Oc) and the collagen cross‐links pyridinoline (Pyr) and deoxypyridinoline (dPyr) arc used as markers of bone turnover in metabolic bone diseases. The aims of this study were: 1) to establish if Oc, Pyr and dPyr can be detected in GCF and 2) using the orthodontic tooth movement model of alveolar bone resorption to evaluate GCF levels of osteocalcin and these collagen cross‐links as markers of bone breakdown. Plaque, colour and bleeding indices, probing measurements and GCF samples were collected at two sites in each of 20 adolescents, during 4 stages of fixed appliance therapy: (1) prior to appliance lit. (2) post appliance fit, (3) during active retraction of the maxillary canines. (4) during retention. GCF was collected onto filter paper strips and the volume determined by weighing. An ELISA kit was used for the detection of osteocalcin, whereas Pyr and dPyr were assayed using high performance liquid chromotography (HPLC). Wilcoxon signed ranks test and Bonferroni correction revealed statistically significant increases in plaque ( p = 0.012), GCF volume ( p = 0.024) and osteocalcin concentration ( p = 0.012). between stages 1 and 2. There were no statistically significant differences between the other variables at this stage or between any of the variables at stages 2 and 3, or between stages 3 and 4, All but 3 of the GCF samples yielded detectable osteocalcin, with large site and subject variation. The median values of osteocalcin and osteocalcin concentration of all the samples were 87. ,5 pg and 66 pg/μl, with a range of 0–1,248 pg. 0–1,572 pg/μl. The detection of osteocalein in GCF during every stage, the wide variation between subjects, and the lack of a consistent pattern related to stages of orthodontic treatment, suggests that osteocalcin may merely be a constituent of GCF associated with the developing dentition, which would reduce its potential as a marker of bone turnover in this group. None of the 16 GCF samples analysed for Pyr and dPyr gave a positive result. This study confirms that fitting an orthodontic appliance results in plaque accumulation and increased gingival inflammation, and that GCF volume is the most sensitive indicator of that inflammation. Osteocalcin was detected in GCF collected from adolescents, whereas Pyr and dPyr could not be detected. Further work is required lo establish whether GCF osteocalcin levels can be used as a marker of bone turnover, and whether improvements in the sensitivity of detecting Pyr & dPyr make further study of these promising bone markers worthwhile. . Osteocalcin (Oc) and the collagen cross‐links pyridinoline (Pyr) and deoxypyridinoline (dPyr) arc used as markers of bone turnover in metabolic bone diseases. The aims of this study were: 1) to establish if Oc, Pyr and dPyr can be detected in GCF and 2) using the orthodontic tooth movement model of alveolar bone resorption to evaluate GCF levels of osteocalcin and these collagen cross‐links as markers of bone breakdown. Plaque, colour and bleeding indices, probing measurements and GCF samples were collected at two sites in each of 20 adolescents, during 4 stages of fixed appliance therapy: (1) prior to appliance lit. (2) post appliance fit, (3) during active retraction of the maxillary canines. (4) during retention. GCF was collected onto filter paper strips and the volume determined by weighing. An ELISA kit was used for the detection of osteocalcin, whereas Pyr and dPyr were assayed using high performance liquid chromotography (HPLC). Wilcoxon signed ranks test and Bonferroni correction revealed statistically significant increases in plaque (p= 0.012), GCF volume (p= 0.024) and osteocalcin concentration (p= 0.012). between stages 1 and 2. There were no statistically significant differences between the other variables at this stage or between any of the variables at stages 2 and 3, or between stages 3 and 4, All but 3 of the GCF samples yielded detectable osteocalcin, with large site and subject variation. The median values of osteocalcin and osteocalcin concentration of all the samples were 87.,5 pg and 66 pg/μl, with a range of 0–1,248 pg. 0–1,572 pg/μl. The detection of osteocalein in GCF during every stage, the wide variation between subjects, and the lack of a consistent pattern related to stages of orthodontic treatment, suggests that osteocalcin may merely be a constituent of GCF associated with the developing dentition, which would reduce its potential as a marker of bone turnover in this group. None of the 16 GCF samples analysed for Pyr and dPyr gave a positive result. This study confirms that fitting an orthodontic appliance results in plaque accumulation and increased gingival inflammation, and that GCF volume is the most sensitive indicator of that inflammation. Osteocalcin was detected in GCF collected from adolescents, whereas Pyr and dPyr could not be detected. Further work is required lo establish whether GCF osteocalcin levels can be used as a marker of bone turnover, and whether improvements in the sensitivity of detecting Pyr & dPyr make further study of these promising bone markers worthwhile. |
| Author | James, I. T. Petrie, A. Moulson, A. M. Griffiths, G. S. |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: G. S. surname: Griffiths fullname: Griffiths, G. S. email: g.griffiths@eastman.ucl.ac.uk organization: Department of Periodontology, Eastman Dental Institute and Hospital. University College London, 256 Gray's Inn Road, London, WC1X 8LD – sequence: 2 givenname: A. M. surname: Moulson fullname: Moulson, A. M. organization: Department of Periodontology, Eastman Dental Institute and Hospital. University College London, 256 Gray's Inn Road, London, WC1X 8LD – sequence: 3 givenname: A. surname: Petrie fullname: Petrie, A. organization: Department of Transcultural Oral Health, Eastman Dental Institute and Hospital. University College London, 256 Gray's Inn Road, London, WC1X 8LD – sequence: 4 givenname: I. T. surname: James fullname: James, I. T. organization: Department of Medicine, Dunn Laboratories, 5th Floor King George Vth building, St Bartholomew's Hospital, West Smithfield, London EC1A 7BE, UK |
| BackLink | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9667483$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed |
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| PublicationTitle | Journal of clinical periodontology |
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| References | Hauschka, P. V. Lian, J. B., Cole, D. E. & Gundberg, C. M. (1989) Osteocalcin and matrix Gla protein: vitamin K-dependent proteins in bone, Physiological Reviews 69, 990-1047. Kunimatsu, K., Mataki, S., Tanaka, H., Mine, N., Kivoki, M., Hosoda K., Kato, Y. & Kato, I. (1991). A cross-sectional study on osteocalcin levels in gingival crevicular fluid from periodontal patients. Journal of Periodontology 64, 865-869. Roach, H. I. (1994) Why does bone matrix contain non-collagenous proteins? The possible roles of osteocalcin. osteonectin, osteopontin and bone sialoprotein in bone mineralisation and resorption. Cell Biology International 18, 617-628. Uebelhart, D., Gineyts, E., Chapuy, M. C. & Delmas, P. D. (1990) Urinary excretion of pyridinium cross-links: a new marker of bone resorption in metabolic bone disease. Bone and Mineral 8, 87-96. Balenseifen, J. W & Madonia, J. V. (1970) Study of dental plaque in orthodontic patients. Journal of Dental Research 49, 320-324. Silness, J. & Loe, H. (1964), Periodontal disease in pregnancy, II. Correlation between oral hygiene and periodontal condition. Acta Odontol Scand 22, 121-135. Löe, H. & Holm-Pedersen, P. (1965), Absence and presence of fluid from normal and inflamed gingivae. Periodontics 3, 171-177. Delmas, P. D. (1990) Biochemical markers of bone turnover for the clinical assessment of metabolic bone disease. Endocr Metabol Clin N Amer 19, 1-18. James I. T., Perret D. & Thompson, P. W. (1990) Rapid assay for hard tissue collagen cross-links using isocratic ion-pair reversed-phase liquid chromotography. Journal of Chromotography 525, 43-57. Koyama, N., Ohara, K., Yokata, H., Kurome, T., Katayama, M., Hino, F., Kato, I. & Akai, T. (1991) A one step sandwich enzyme immunoassay for t-carboxylated osteocalcin using monoclonal antibodies. Journal of Immunological Methods 139, 17-23. Griffiths, G. S., Sterne, J. A. C., Wilton, J. M. A., Eaton, K. A. & Johnson, N. W. (1992b) Associations between volume and flow rate of gingival crevicular fluid and clinical assessments of gingival inflammation in a population of British male adolescents. Journal of Clinical Periodontology 19, 464-470. Tersin, J. (1973) Studies of gingival conditions in relation to orthodonlic treatment. 1. The relationship between amounts of gingival exudate and gingival scores, plaque scores and gingival pocket depths in children undergoing orthodontic treatment, Swedish Dental Journal 66, 165-175. Zachrisson, S. & Zachrisson, B. U. (1972) Gingival condition associated with orthodontic treatment. Angle Orthod 42, 26-34. Gundberg, C. M. (1991). Primer on metabolic bone diseases and disorders of mineral metabolism. (Ed. Favus M.J.) 1st edition, ch. 20, p. 74, New York . Raven Press. Van Daele, P. L. A., Birkenhager, J. C. & Pols, H. A. P. (1994) Biochemical markers of bone turnover: an update, Netherlands Journal of Medicine 44, 65-72. Delmas, P. D. (1992) Clinical use of biochemical markers of bone remodelling in osteoporosis. Bone 13, S17-21. Griffiths, G. S., Wilton, J. M. A. & Curtis, M. A. (1992a) Immunochemical detection of α-amylase for detection of salivary contamination of human gingival crevicular fluid. Archive of Oral Biology 37, 559-564. Nakashima, K., Roehrich, N. & Cimasoni, G. (1994) Osteocalcin, prostaglandin E2 and alkaline phosphatase in gingival crevicular fluid: their relations to periodontal status. Journal of Clinical Periodontology 21, 327-331. Last, K. S., Donkin, C. & Embery, G. (1988) Glycosaminoglycans in human gingival crevicular fluid during orthodontic tooth movement. Archives of Oral Biology 33, 907-912. Meng, H. X., James, I. T., Skingle, L., Johnson, N. W. & Thompson P. W. (1991) Collagen cross-links in human gingival crevicular fluid. Journal of Dental Research 70, 714 abstr. Giannobile, W. V., Lynch, S. E., Denmark, R. G. Paquette, D. W., Fiorellini, J. P. & Williams, R. C. (1995) Crevicular fluid osteocalcin and pyridinoline cross-linked carboxyterminal telopeptide of type I collagen (ICTP) as markers of rapid bone turnover in periodontitis: A pilot study in beagle dogs. Journal of Clinical Periodontology 22, 903-910. Robins, S. P., Duncan, A. & Riggs, B. L. (1990) In Osteoporosis 1990 Ed. Christiansen, C. & Overgaard, K., 1, 465, Copenhagen , Osteopress ApS. 1965; 3 1990; 525 1990; 1 1973; 66 1992a; 37 1990; 19 1991; 64 1995; 22 1991; 70 1988; 33 1964; 22 1994; 44 1992; 13 1983 1972; 42 1994; 18 1991 1991; 139 1989; 69 1990; 8 1970; 49 1992b; 19 1994; 21 1988 Cimasoni G. (e_1_2_1_3_1) 1988 Daele P. L. A. (e_1_2_1_24_1) 1994; 44 Zachrisson S. (e_1_2_1_25_1) 1972; 42 e_1_2_1_7_1 e_1_2_1_8_1 e_1_2_1_5_1 e_1_2_1_6_1 e_1_2_1_12_1 e_1_2_1_23_1 e_1_2_1_4_1 e_1_2_1_13_1 e_1_2_1_10_1 Price P. (e_1_2_1_18_1) 1983 e_1_2_1_21_1 e_1_2_1_2_1 e_1_2_1_11_1 Robins S. P. (e_1_2_1_20_1) 1990 Tersin J. (e_1_2_1_22_1) 1973; 66 e_1_2_1_17_1 Gundberg C. M. (e_1_2_1_9_1) 1991 e_1_2_1_14_1 Löe H. (e_1_2_1_15_1) 1965; 3 Meng H. X. (e_1_2_1_16_1) 1991; 70 e_1_2_1_19_1 |
| References_xml | – reference: Roach, H. I. (1994) Why does bone matrix contain non-collagenous proteins? The possible roles of osteocalcin. osteonectin, osteopontin and bone sialoprotein in bone mineralisation and resorption. Cell Biology International 18, 617-628. – reference: Delmas, P. D. (1992) Clinical use of biochemical markers of bone remodelling in osteoporosis. Bone 13, S17-21. – reference: Last, K. S., Donkin, C. & Embery, G. (1988) Glycosaminoglycans in human gingival crevicular fluid during orthodontic tooth movement. Archives of Oral Biology 33, 907-912. – reference: Nakashima, K., Roehrich, N. & Cimasoni, G. (1994) Osteocalcin, prostaglandin E2 and alkaline phosphatase in gingival crevicular fluid: their relations to periodontal status. Journal of Clinical Periodontology 21, 327-331. – reference: Robins, S. P., Duncan, A. & Riggs, B. L. (1990) In Osteoporosis 1990 Ed. Christiansen, C. & Overgaard, K., 1, 465, Copenhagen , Osteopress ApS. – reference: Zachrisson, S. & Zachrisson, B. U. (1972) Gingival condition associated with orthodontic treatment. Angle Orthod 42, 26-34. – reference: Meng, H. X., James, I. T., Skingle, L., Johnson, N. W. & Thompson P. W. (1991) Collagen cross-links in human gingival crevicular fluid. Journal of Dental Research 70, 714 abstr. – reference: Kunimatsu, K., Mataki, S., Tanaka, H., Mine, N., Kivoki, M., Hosoda K., Kato, Y. & Kato, I. (1991). A cross-sectional study on osteocalcin levels in gingival crevicular fluid from periodontal patients. Journal of Periodontology 64, 865-869. – reference: Griffiths, G. S., Wilton, J. M. A. & Curtis, M. A. (1992a) Immunochemical detection of α-amylase for detection of salivary contamination of human gingival crevicular fluid. Archive of Oral Biology 37, 559-564. – reference: Griffiths, G. S., Sterne, J. A. C., Wilton, J. M. A., Eaton, K. A. & Johnson, N. W. (1992b) Associations between volume and flow rate of gingival crevicular fluid and clinical assessments of gingival inflammation in a population of British male adolescents. Journal of Clinical Periodontology 19, 464-470. – reference: Koyama, N., Ohara, K., Yokata, H., Kurome, T., Katayama, M., Hino, F., Kato, I. & Akai, T. (1991) A one step sandwich enzyme immunoassay for t-carboxylated osteocalcin using monoclonal antibodies. Journal of Immunological Methods 139, 17-23. – reference: Tersin, J. (1973) Studies of gingival conditions in relation to orthodonlic treatment. 1. The relationship between amounts of gingival exudate and gingival scores, plaque scores and gingival pocket depths in children undergoing orthodontic treatment, Swedish Dental Journal 66, 165-175. – reference: Gundberg, C. M. (1991). Primer on metabolic bone diseases and disorders of mineral metabolism. (Ed. Favus M.J.) 1st edition, ch. 20, p. 74, New York . Raven Press. – reference: Hauschka, P. V. Lian, J. B., Cole, D. E. & Gundberg, C. M. (1989) Osteocalcin and matrix Gla protein: vitamin K-dependent proteins in bone, Physiological Reviews 69, 990-1047. – reference: Delmas, P. D. (1990) Biochemical markers of bone turnover for the clinical assessment of metabolic bone disease. Endocr Metabol Clin N Amer 19, 1-18. – reference: Balenseifen, J. W & Madonia, J. V. (1970) Study of dental plaque in orthodontic patients. Journal of Dental Research 49, 320-324. – reference: James I. T., Perret D. & Thompson, P. W. (1990) Rapid assay for hard tissue collagen cross-links using isocratic ion-pair reversed-phase liquid chromotography. Journal of Chromotography 525, 43-57. – reference: Silness, J. & Loe, H. (1964), Periodontal disease in pregnancy, II. Correlation between oral hygiene and periodontal condition. Acta Odontol Scand 22, 121-135. – reference: Löe, H. & Holm-Pedersen, P. (1965), Absence and presence of fluid from normal and inflamed gingivae. Periodontics 3, 171-177. – reference: Uebelhart, D., Gineyts, E., Chapuy, M. C. & Delmas, P. D. (1990) Urinary excretion of pyridinium cross-links: a new marker of bone resorption in metabolic bone disease. Bone and Mineral 8, 87-96. – reference: Van Daele, P. L. A., Birkenhager, J. C. & Pols, H. A. P. (1994) Biochemical markers of bone turnover: an update, Netherlands Journal of Medicine 44, 65-72. – reference: Giannobile, W. V., Lynch, S. E., Denmark, R. G. Paquette, D. W., Fiorellini, J. P. & Williams, R. C. (1995) Crevicular fluid osteocalcin and pyridinoline cross-linked carboxyterminal telopeptide of type I collagen (ICTP) as markers of rapid bone turnover in periodontitis: A pilot study in beagle dogs. Journal of Clinical Periodontology 22, 903-910. – volume: 3 start-page: 171 year: 1965 end-page: 177 article-title: Absence and presence of fluid from normal and inflamed gingivae publication-title: Periodontics – volume: 66 start-page: 165 year: 1973 end-page: 175 article-title: Studies of gingival conditions in relation to orthodonlic treatment. 1. The relationship between amounts of gingival exudate and gingival scores, plaque scores and gingival pocket depths in children undergoing orthodontic treatment publication-title: Swedish Dental Journal – volume: 19 start-page: 464 year: 1992b end-page: 470 article-title: Associations between volume and flow rate of gingival crevicular fluid and clinical assessments of gingival inflammation in a population of British male adolescents publication-title: Journal of Clinical Periodontology – volume: 37 start-page: 559 year: 1992a end-page: 564 article-title: Immunochemical detection of α‐amylase for detection of salivary contamination of human gingival crevicular fluid publication-title: Archive of Oral Biology – volume: 69 start-page: 990 year: 1989 end-page: 1047 article-title: Osteocalcin and matrix Gla protein: vitamin K‐dependent proteins in bone publication-title: Physiological Reviews – volume: 8 start-page: 87 year: 1990 end-page: 96 article-title: Urinary excretion of pyridinium cross‐links: a new marker of bone resorption in metabolic bone disease publication-title: Bone and Mineral – start-page: 157 year: 1983 end-page: 190 – volume: 49 start-page: 320 year: 1970 end-page: 324 article-title: Study of dental plaque in orthodontic patients publication-title: Journal of Dental Research – volume: 18 start-page: 617 year: 1994 end-page: 628 article-title: Why does bone matrix contain non‐collagenous proteins? The possible roles of osteocalcin. osteonectin, osteopontin and bone sialoprotein in bone mineralisation and resorption publication-title: Cell Biology International – volume: 64 start-page: 865 year: 1991 end-page: 869 article-title: A cross‐sectional study on osteocalcin levels in gingival crevicular fluid from periodontal patients publication-title: Journal of Periodontology – volume: 1 start-page: 465 year: 1990 – volume: 44 start-page: 65 year: 1994 end-page: 72 article-title: Biochemical markers of bone turnover: an update publication-title: Netherlands Journal of Medicine – volume: 22 start-page: 121 year: 1964 end-page: 135 article-title: Periodontal disease in pregnancy, II. Correlation between oral hygiene and periodontal condition publication-title: Acta Odontol Scand – volume: 139 start-page: 17 year: 1991 end-page: 23 article-title: A one step sandwich enzyme immunoassay for t‐carboxylated osteocalcin using monoclonal antibodies publication-title: Journal of Immunological Methods – volume: 70 start-page: 714 year: 1991 article-title: Collagen cross‐links in human gingival crevicular fluid publication-title: Journal of Dental Research – volume: 42 start-page: 26 year: 1972 end-page: 34 article-title: Gingival condition associated with orthodontic treatment publication-title: Angle Orthod – volume: 22 start-page: 903 year: 1995 end-page: 910 article-title: Crevicular fluid osteocalcin and pyridinoline cross‐linked carboxyterminal telopeptide of type I collagen (ICTP) as markers of rapid bone turnover in periodontitis: A pilot study in beagle dogs publication-title: Journal of Clinical Periodontology – volume: 525 start-page: 43 year: 1990 end-page: 57 article-title: Rapid assay for hard tissue collagen cross‐links using isocratic ion‐pair reversed‐phase liquid chromotography publication-title: Journal of Chromotography – start-page: 74 year: 1991 – start-page: 260 year: 1988 end-page: 271 – volume: 19 start-page: 1 year: 1990 end-page: 18 article-title: Biochemical markers of bone turnover for the clinical assessment of metabolic bone disease publication-title: Endocr Metabol Clin N Amer – volume: 33 start-page: 907 year: 1988 end-page: 912 article-title: Glycosaminoglycans in human gingival crevicular fluid during orthodontic tooth movement publication-title: Archives of Oral Biology – volume: 21 start-page: 327 year: 1994 end-page: 331 article-title: Osteocalcin, prostaglandin E and alkaline phosphatase in gingival crevicular fluid: their relations to periodontal status publication-title: Journal of Clinical Periodontology – volume: 13 start-page: S17 year: 1992 end-page: 21 article-title: Clinical use of biochemical markers of bone remodelling in osteoporosis publication-title: Bone – ident: e_1_2_1_2_1 doi: 10.1177/00220345700490022101 – ident: e_1_2_1_12_1 doi: 10.1016/0022-1759(91)90346-H – start-page: 157 volume-title: Bone and Mineral Research Annual year: 1983 ident: e_1_2_1_18_1 – ident: e_1_2_1_7_1 doi: 10.1016/0003-9969(92)90138-X – start-page: 260 volume-title: Periodontology Today year: 1988 ident: e_1_2_1_3_1 – ident: e_1_2_1_8_1 doi: 10.1111/j.1600-051X.1992.tb01158.x – ident: e_1_2_1_17_1 doi: 10.1111/j.1600-051X.1994.tb00721.x – volume: 3 start-page: 171 year: 1965 ident: e_1_2_1_15_1 article-title: Absence and presence of fluid from normal and inflamed gingivae publication-title: Periodontics – ident: e_1_2_1_5_1 doi: 10.1016/S8756-3282(09)80005-7 – ident: e_1_2_1_6_1 doi: 10.1111/j.1600-051X.1995.tb01793.x – ident: e_1_2_1_10_1 doi: 10.1152/physrev.1989.69.3.990 – volume: 42 start-page: 26 year: 1972 ident: e_1_2_1_25_1 article-title: Gingival condition associated with orthodontic treatment publication-title: Angle Orthod – ident: e_1_2_1_13_1 doi: 10.1902/jop.1993.64.9.865 – ident: e_1_2_1_21_1 doi: 10.3109/00016356408993968 – ident: e_1_2_1_23_1 doi: 10.1016/0169-6009(91)90143-N – start-page: 465 volume-title: Osteoporosis 1990 year: 1990 ident: e_1_2_1_20_1 – ident: e_1_2_1_4_1 doi: 10.1016/S0889-8529(18)30336-0 – ident: e_1_2_1_19_1 doi: 10.1006/cbir.1994.1088 – ident: e_1_2_1_14_1 doi: 10.1016/0003-9969(88)90021-0 – ident: e_1_2_1_11_1 doi: 10.1016/S0378-4347(00)83378-2 – start-page: 74 volume-title: Primer on metabolic bone diseases and disorders of mineral metabolism year: 1991 ident: e_1_2_1_9_1 – volume: 44 start-page: 65 year: 1994 ident: e_1_2_1_24_1 article-title: Biochemical markers of bone turnover: an update publication-title: Netherlands Journal of Medicine – volume: 70 start-page: 714 year: 1991 ident: e_1_2_1_16_1 article-title: Collagen cross‐links in human gingival crevicular fluid publication-title: Journal of Dental Research – volume: 66 start-page: 165 year: 1973 ident: e_1_2_1_22_1 article-title: Studies of gingival conditions in relation to orthodonlic treatment. 1. The relationship between amounts of gingival exudate and gingival scores, plaque scores and gingival pocket depths in children undergoing orthodontic treatment publication-title: Swedish Dental Journal |
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| Snippet | . Osteocalcin (Oc) and the collagen cross‐links pyridinoline (Pyr) and deoxypyridinoline (dPyr) arc used as markers of bone turnover in metabolic bone... Osteocalcin (Oc) and the collagen cross‐links pyridinoline (Pyr) and deoxypyridinoline (dPyr) arc used as markers of bone turnover in metabolic bone diseases.... Osteocalcin (Oc) and the collagen cross-links pyridinoline (Pyr) and deoxypyridinoline (dPyr) are used as markers of bone turnover in metabolic bone diseases.... |
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| SubjectTerms | Adolescent Adult Alveolar Process - metabolism Amino Acids - analysis Biomarkers - analysis Bone Resorption - metabolism Child Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid Collagen - metabolism Dental Plaque Index Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay Evaluation Studies as Topic Female Gingival Crevicular Fluid - chemistry gingival fluid Gingival Hemorrhage - metabolism Gingival Hemorrhage - pathology Gingivitis - metabolism Gingivitis - pathology Humans Male orthodontic tooth movement osteocalcin Osteocalcin - analysis Periodontal Index Periodontal Pocket - metabolism Periodontal Pocket - pathology pyridinium crosslinks Sensitivity and Specificity Tooth Movement Techniques |
| Title | Evaluation of osteocalcin and pyridinium crosslinks of bone collagen as markers of bone turnover in gingival crevicular fluid during different stages of orthodontic treatment |
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