Evolution of Blood Safety in Switzerland over the Last 25 Years for HIV, HCV, HBV and Treponema pallidum

During the last few decades, efforts to increase the safety of blood and blood products have mainly focused on preventing the viral infections HCV, HIV, HBV and Treponema pallidum. The evolution of these approaches and the achieved increase in safety is shown for the last 25 years in Switzerland. In...

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Veröffentlicht in:	Viruses Jg. 14; H. 12; S. 2611
Hauptverfasser:	Niederhauser, Christoph, Tinguely, Caroline, Stolz, Martin, Vock, Michael, El Dusouqui, Soraya Amar, Gowland, Peter
Format:	Journal Article
Sprache:	Englisch
Veröffentlicht:	Switzerland MDPI AG 23.11.2022 MDPI
Schlagworte:	Algorithms Antibodies Antigens Bacterial infections blood Blood & organ donations blood donation Blood Donors Blood Safety Blood transfusions evolution evolution of the screening strategies Hepatitis B Hepatitis B virus - genetics Hepatitis C Hepatitis C - epidemiology HIV HIV Infections - prevention & control Human immunodeficiency virus Humans Infections Infectious diseases Mass Screening - methods Nucleic Acid Amplification Techniques nucleic acid amplification technology (NAT) nucleic acids pathogens Safety safety of labile blood components Serology Switzerland Switzerland - epidemiology Syphilis Testing laboratories Treponema pallidum Treponema pallidum - genetics Viruses Switzerland nucleic acid amplification technology (NAT) evolution of the screening strategies safety of labile blood components blood donation
ISSN:	1999-4915, 1999-4915
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Abstract	During the last few decades, efforts to increase the safety of blood and blood products have mainly focused on preventing the viral infections HCV, HIV, HBV and Treponema pallidum. The evolution of these approaches and the achieved increase in safety is shown for the last 25 years in Switzerland. In detail, the prevalences and incidences of the infection disease and the theoretical estimated residual risks (RR) of these blood-borne infections are presented. Prevalences, incidences and, in particular, the RR have decreased considerably over the last 25 years. This was achieved primarily by the adoption of strict criteria for the selection of blood donors, refined questionnaires, the introduction of increasingly sensitive serological screening tests and the implementation of nucleic acid testing (NAT) for these blood-borne pathogens. These NAT assays have significantly shortened the window period between infection and the first detection of the infectious agent in the blood of an infected individual. A form of “real life” comparison or confirmation is provided by the reported lookback procedures (LBP) and the haemovigilance data of the Swiss competent authority, Swissmedic. These data are in agreement, and thus support the very low prevalences, incidences and RR.
AbstractList	During the last few decades, efforts to increase the safety of blood and blood products have mainly focused on preventing the viral infections HCV, HIV, HBV and Treponema pallidum. The evolution of these approaches and the achieved increase in safety is shown for the last 25 years in Switzerland. In detail, the prevalences and incidences of the infection disease and the theoretical estimated residual risks (RR) of these blood-borne infections are presented. Prevalences, incidences and, in particular, the RR have decreased considerably over the last 25 years. This was achieved primarily by the adoption of strict criteria for the selection of blood donors, refined questionnaires, the introduction of increasingly sensitive serological screening tests and the implementation of nucleic acid testing (NAT) for these blood-borne pathogens. These NAT assays have significantly shortened the window period between infection and the first detection of the infectious agent in the blood of an infected individual. A form of "real life" comparison or confirmation is provided by the reported lookback procedures (LBP) and the haemovigilance data of the Swiss competent authority, Swissmedic. These data are in agreement, and thus support the very low prevalences, incidences and RR.During the last few decades, efforts to increase the safety of blood and blood products have mainly focused on preventing the viral infections HCV, HIV, HBV and Treponema pallidum. The evolution of these approaches and the achieved increase in safety is shown for the last 25 years in Switzerland. In detail, the prevalences and incidences of the infection disease and the theoretical estimated residual risks (RR) of these blood-borne infections are presented. Prevalences, incidences and, in particular, the RR have decreased considerably over the last 25 years. This was achieved primarily by the adoption of strict criteria for the selection of blood donors, refined questionnaires, the introduction of increasingly sensitive serological screening tests and the implementation of nucleic acid testing (NAT) for these blood-borne pathogens. These NAT assays have significantly shortened the window period between infection and the first detection of the infectious agent in the blood of an infected individual. A form of "real life" comparison or confirmation is provided by the reported lookback procedures (LBP) and the haemovigilance data of the Swiss competent authority, Swissmedic. These data are in agreement, and thus support the very low prevalences, incidences and RR. During the last few decades, efforts to increase the safety of blood and blood products have mainly focused on preventing the viral infections HCV, HIV, HBV and . The evolution of these approaches and the achieved increase in safety is shown for the last 25 years in Switzerland. In detail, the prevalences and incidences of the infection disease and the theoretical estimated residual risks (RR) of these blood-borne infections are presented. Prevalences, incidences and, in particular, the RR have decreased considerably over the last 25 years. This was achieved primarily by the adoption of strict criteria for the selection of blood donors, refined questionnaires, the introduction of increasingly sensitive serological screening tests and the implementation of nucleic acid testing (NAT) for these blood-borne pathogens. These NAT assays have significantly shortened the window period between infection and the first detection of the infectious agent in the blood of an infected individual. A form of "real life" comparison or confirmation is provided by the reported lookback procedures (LBP) and the haemovigilance data of the Swiss competent authority, Swissmedic. These data are in agreement, and thus support the very low prevalences, incidences and RR. During the last few decades, efforts to increase the safety of blood and blood products have mainly focused on preventing the viral infections HCV, HIV, HBV and Treponema pallidum. The evolution of these approaches and the achieved increase in safety is shown for the last 25 years in Switzerland. In detail, the prevalences and incidences of the infection disease and the theoretical estimated residual risks (RR) of these blood-borne infections are presented. Prevalences, incidences and, in particular, the RR have decreased considerably over the last 25 years. This was achieved primarily by the adoption of strict criteria for the selection of blood donors, refined questionnaires, the introduction of increasingly sensitive serological screening tests and the implementation of nucleic acid testing (NAT) for these blood-borne pathogens. These NAT assays have significantly shortened the window period between infection and the first detection of the infectious agent in the blood of an infected individual. A form of “real life” comparison or confirmation is provided by the reported lookback procedures (LBP) and the haemovigilance data of the Swiss competent authority, Swissmedic. These data are in agreement, and thus support the very low prevalences, incidences and RR.
Author	Niederhauser, Christoph Gowland, Peter Stolz, Martin El Dusouqui, Soraya Amar Vock, Michael Tinguely, Caroline
AuthorAffiliation	5 Swiss Transfusion SRC, 3008 Bern, Switzerland 3 Faculté de Biologie et de Médecine, Université de Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland 1 Interregional Blood Transfusion SRC, 3008 Bern, Switzerland 2 Institute for Infectious Disease, University of Bern, 3001 Bern, Switzerland 4 Institute of Mathematical Statistics and Actuarial Science, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
AuthorAffiliation_xml	– name: 2 Institute for Infectious Disease, University of Bern, 3001 Bern, Switzerland – name: 3 Faculté de Biologie et de Médecine, Université de Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland – name: 1 Interregional Blood Transfusion SRC, 3008 Bern, Switzerland – name: 4 Institute of Mathematical Statistics and Actuarial Science, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland – name: 5 Swiss Transfusion SRC, 3008 Bern, Switzerland
Author_xml	– sequence: 1 givenname: Christoph surname: Niederhauser fullname: Niederhauser, Christoph – sequence: 2 givenname: Caroline surname: Tinguely fullname: Tinguely, Caroline – sequence: 3 givenname: Martin surname: Stolz fullname: Stolz, Martin – sequence: 4 givenname: Michael orcidid: 0000-0003-2069-1833 surname: Vock fullname: Vock, Michael – sequence: 5 givenname: Soraya Amar surname: El Dusouqui fullname: El Dusouqui, Soraya Amar – sequence: 6 givenname: Peter surname: Gowland fullname: Gowland, Peter
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Copyright	2022 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License. 2022 by the authors. 2022
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SubjectTerms	Algorithms Antibodies Antigens Bacterial infections blood Blood & organ donations blood donation Blood Donors Blood Safety Blood transfusions evolution evolution of the screening strategies Hepatitis B Hepatitis B virus - genetics Hepatitis C Hepatitis C - epidemiology HIV HIV Infections - prevention & control Human immunodeficiency virus Humans Infections Infectious diseases Mass Screening - methods Nucleic Acid Amplification Techniques nucleic acid amplification technology (NAT) nucleic acids pathogens Safety safety of labile blood components Serology Switzerland Switzerland - epidemiology Syphilis Testing laboratories Treponema pallidum Treponema pallidum - genetics Viruses
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Title	Evolution of Blood Safety in Switzerland over the Last 25 Years for HIV, HCV, HBV and Treponema pallidum
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