Zoonotic transmission of rotavirus: surveillance and control

Group A rotavirus (Rotavirus A, RVA) is the main cause of acute dehydrating diarrhea in humans and numerous animal species. RVA shows vast diversity and a variety of human strains share genetic and antigenic features with animal origin RVA strains. This finding suggests that interspecies transmissio...

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Published in:Expert review of anti-infective therapy Vol. 13; no. 11; pp. 1337 - 1350
Main Authors: Dóró, Renáta, Farkas, Szilvia L, Martella, Vito, Bányai, Krisztián
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: England Informa Healthcare 02.11.2015
Subjects:
Animals
Diarrhea - virology
evolution
Genome, Viral
Humans
interspecies transmission
molecular epidemiology
reassortment
Rotavirus
rotavirus A
Rotavirus Infections - prevention & control
Rotavirus Infections - transmission
Rotavirus Vaccines - therapeutic use
Zoonoses - prevention & control
Zoonoses - transmission
molecular epidemiology
reassortment
rotavirus A
evolution
interspecies transmission
ISSN:1478-7210, 1744-8336, 1744-8336
Online Access:Get full text
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Summary:Group A rotavirus (Rotavirus A, RVA) is the main cause of acute dehydrating diarrhea in humans and numerous animal species. RVA shows vast diversity and a variety of human strains share genetic and antigenic features with animal origin RVA strains. This finding suggests that interspecies transmission is an important mechanism of rotavirus evolution and contributes to the diversity of human RVA strains. RVA is responsible for half a million deaths and several million hospitalizations worldwide. Globally, two rotavirus vaccines are available for routine use in infants. These vaccines show a great efficacy profile and induce protective immunity against various rotavirus strains. However, little is known about the long-term evolution and epidemiology of RVA strains under selective pressure related to vaccine use. Continuous strain surveillance in the post-vaccine licensure era is needed to help better understand mechanisms that may affect vaccine effectiveness.
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ISSN:1478-7210
1744-8336
1744-8336
DOI:10.1586/14787210.2015.1089171