Systemic treatment of AIDS-related Kaposi sarcoma: Current status and perspectives

Kaposi’s sarcoma (KS) is the most frequent type of cancer in patients with Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS). In the western world, its incidence decreased dramatically in the era of highly active anti-retroviral therapy (HAART). In contrast, the incidence of KS has been steadily climbing i...

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Published in:Cancer treatment reviews Vol. 32; no. 6; pp. 445 - 455
Main Authors: Vanni, Tazio, Sprinz, Eduardo, Machado, Marcelo Warlet, Santana, Rodrigo de C., Fonseca, Benedito Antonio L., Schwartsmann, Gilberto
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: Netherlands Elsevier Ltd 01.10.2006
Subjects:
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome - complications
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome - drug therapy
Adult
AIDS
Anthracyclines - administration & dosage
Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols
Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active
Antiviral Agents - therapeutic use
Clinical Trials as Topic
Human immunodeficiency virus
Humans
Interferons - therapeutic use
Kaposi’s Sarcoma
Liposomes
Male
Paclitaxel - administration & dosage
Sarcoma, Kaposi - drug therapy
Sarcoma, Kaposi - epidemiology
Sarcoma, Kaposi - virology
Treatment
Kaposi’s Sarcoma
AIDS
Treatment
ISSN:0305-7372, 1532-1967
Online Access:Get full text
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Summary:Kaposi’s sarcoma (KS) is the most frequent type of cancer in patients with Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS). In the western world, its incidence decreased dramatically in the era of highly active anti-retroviral therapy (HAART). In contrast, the incidence of KS has been steadily climbing in parallel with the AIDS epidemic in Africa over the past 10–15 years, being the most common cancer in adult men in countries like Uganda and Zimbabwe. AIDS–KS can be diagnosed at any stage of HIV infection, although it more commonly occurs in the setting of severe immune suppression, especially with an elevated viral load. Up to now, AIDS–KS is still an incurable disease. Its clinical course is variable, ranging from very indolent cases, requiring no or minimal therapy, to a rapidly progressive disease. Various local therapies are available to control small and asymptomatic lesions, while cytotoxic, immunological and biological therapies can be considered for more aggressive disease. The primary goal of therapy in most of the cases is to provide safe and effective palliation, in order to quality of life. Optimal anti-retroviral therapy is a key component of AIDS–KS management. There are still many questions to be answered in the management of patients with AIDS–KS, such as (1) What are the therapeutic agents that should be used in this disease, and in which sequence? and (2) What are the benefits and risks expected with each treatment option? The aim of this review is to discuss the systemic management of AIDS–KS, with special focus on the above mentioned questions.
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ISSN:0305-7372
1532-1967
DOI:10.1016/j.ctrv.2006.06.001