Systemic treatment of AIDS-related Kaposi sarcoma: Current status and perspectives
Kaposi’s sarcoma (KS) is the most frequent type of cancer in patients with Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS). In the western world, its incidence decreased dramatically in the era of highly active anti-retroviral therapy (HAART). In contrast, the incidence of KS has been steadily climbing i...
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| Published in: | Cancer treatment reviews Vol. 32; no. 6; pp. 445 - 455 |
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| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
| Format: | Journal Article |
| Language: | English |
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Elsevier Ltd
01.10.2006
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| ISSN: | 0305-7372, 1532-1967 |
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| Abstract | Kaposi’s sarcoma (KS) is the most frequent type of cancer in patients with Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS). In the western world, its incidence decreased dramatically in the era of highly active anti-retroviral therapy (HAART). In contrast, the incidence of KS has been steadily climbing in parallel with the AIDS epidemic in Africa over the past 10–15 years, being the most common cancer in adult men in countries like Uganda and Zimbabwe. AIDS–KS can be diagnosed at any stage of HIV infection, although it more commonly occurs in the setting of severe immune suppression, especially with an elevated viral load. Up to now, AIDS–KS is still an incurable disease. Its clinical course is variable, ranging from very indolent cases, requiring no or minimal therapy, to a rapidly progressive disease. Various local therapies are available to control small and asymptomatic lesions, while cytotoxic, immunological and biological therapies can be considered for more aggressive disease. The primary goal of therapy in most of the cases is to provide safe and effective palliation, in order to quality of life. Optimal anti-retroviral therapy is a key component of AIDS–KS management. There are still many questions to be answered in the management of patients with AIDS–KS, such as (1) What are the therapeutic agents that should be used in this disease, and in which sequence? and (2) What are the benefits and risks expected with each treatment option? The aim of this review is to discuss the systemic management of AIDS–KS, with special focus on the above mentioned questions. |
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| AbstractList | Kaposi’s sarcoma (KS) is the most frequent type of cancer in patients with Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS). In the western world, its incidence decreased dramatically in the era of highly active anti-retroviral therapy (HAART). In contrast, the incidence of KS has been steadily climbing in parallel with the AIDS epidemic in Africa over the past 10–15 years, being the most common cancer in adult men in countries like Uganda and Zimbabwe. AIDS–KS can be diagnosed at any stage of HIV infection, although it more commonly occurs in the setting of severe immune suppression, especially with an elevated viral load. Up to now, AIDS–KS is still an incurable disease. Its clinical course is variable, ranging from very indolent cases, requiring no or minimal therapy, to a rapidly progressive disease. Various local therapies are available to control small and asymptomatic lesions, while cytotoxic, immunological and biological therapies can be considered for more aggressive disease. The primary goal of therapy in most of the cases is to provide safe and effective palliation, in order to quality of life. Optimal anti-retroviral therapy is a key component of AIDS–KS management. There are still many questions to be answered in the management of patients with AIDS–KS, such as (1) What are the therapeutic agents that should be used in this disease, and in which sequence? and (2) What are the benefits and risks expected with each treatment option? The aim of this review is to discuss the systemic management of AIDS–KS, with special focus on the above mentioned questions. Kaposis sarcoma (KS) is the most frequent type of cancer in patients with Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS). In the western world, its incidence decreased dramatically in the era of highly active anti-retroviral therapy (HAART). In contrast, the incidence of KS has been steadily climbing in parallel with the AIDS epidemic in Africa over the past 10-15 years, being the most common cancer in adult men in countries like Uganda and Zimbabwe. AIDS-KS can be diagnosed at any stage of HIV infection, although it more commonly occurs in the setting of severe immune suppression, especially with an elevated viral load. Up to now, AIDS-KS is still an incurable disease. Its clinical course is variable, ranging from very indolent cases, requiring no or minimal therapy, to a rapidly progressive disease. Various local therapies are available to control small and asymptomatic lesions, while cytotoxic, immunological and biological therapies can be considered for more aggressive disease. The primary goal of therapy in most of the cases is to provide safe and effective palliation, in order to quality of life. Optimal anti-retroviral therapy is a key component of AIDS-KS management. There are still many questions to be answered in the management of patients with AIDS-KS, such as (1) What are the therapeutic agents that should be used in this disease, and in which sequence? and (2) What are the benefits and risks expected with each treatment option? The aim of this review is to discuss the systemic management of AIDS-KS, with special focus on the above mentioned questions. Kaposi's sarcoma (KS) is the most frequent type of cancer in patients with Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS). In the western world, its incidence decreased dramatically in the era of highly active anti-retroviral therapy (HAART). In contrast, the incidence of KS has been steadily climbing in parallel with the AIDS epidemic in Africa over the past 10-15 years, being the most common cancer in adult men in countries like Uganda and Zimbabwe. AIDS-KS can be diagnosed at any stage of HIV infection, although it more commonly occurs in the setting of severe immune suppression, especially with an elevated viral load. Up to now, AIDS-KS is still an incurable disease. Its clinical course is variable, ranging from very indolent cases, requiring no or minimal therapy, to a rapidly progressive disease. Various local therapies are available to control small and asymptomatic lesions, while cytotoxic, immunological and biological therapies can be considered for more aggressive disease. The primary goal of therapy in most of the cases is to provide safe and effective palliation, in order to quality of life. Optimal anti-retroviral therapy is a key component of AIDS-KS management. There are still many questions to be answered in the management of patients with AIDS-KS, such as (1) What are the therapeutic agents that should be used in this disease, and in which sequence? and (2) What are the benefits and risks expected with each treatment option? The aim of this review is to discuss the systemic management of AIDS-KS, with special focus on the above mentioned questions.Kaposi's sarcoma (KS) is the most frequent type of cancer in patients with Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS). In the western world, its incidence decreased dramatically in the era of highly active anti-retroviral therapy (HAART). In contrast, the incidence of KS has been steadily climbing in parallel with the AIDS epidemic in Africa over the past 10-15 years, being the most common cancer in adult men in countries like Uganda and Zimbabwe. AIDS-KS can be diagnosed at any stage of HIV infection, although it more commonly occurs in the setting of severe immune suppression, especially with an elevated viral load. Up to now, AIDS-KS is still an incurable disease. Its clinical course is variable, ranging from very indolent cases, requiring no or minimal therapy, to a rapidly progressive disease. Various local therapies are available to control small and asymptomatic lesions, while cytotoxic, immunological and biological therapies can be considered for more aggressive disease. The primary goal of therapy in most of the cases is to provide safe and effective palliation, in order to quality of life. Optimal anti-retroviral therapy is a key component of AIDS-KS management. There are still many questions to be answered in the management of patients with AIDS-KS, such as (1) What are the therapeutic agents that should be used in this disease, and in which sequence? and (2) What are the benefits and risks expected with each treatment option? The aim of this review is to discuss the systemic management of AIDS-KS, with special focus on the above mentioned questions. |
| Author | Vanni, Tazio Schwartsmann, Gilberto Sprinz, Eduardo Machado, Marcelo Warlet Santana, Rodrigo de C. Fonseca, Benedito Antonio L. |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Tazio surname: Vanni fullname: Vanni, Tazio organization: Faculty of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil – sequence: 2 givenname: Eduardo surname: Sprinz fullname: Sprinz, Eduardo organization: Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil – sequence: 3 givenname: Marcelo Warlet surname: Machado fullname: Machado, Marcelo Warlet organization: Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil – sequence: 4 givenname: Rodrigo de C. surname: Santana fullname: Santana, Rodrigo de C. organization: Faculty of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil – sequence: 5 givenname: Benedito Antonio L. surname: Fonseca fullname: Fonseca, Benedito Antonio L. organization: Faculty of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil – sequence: 6 givenname: Gilberto surname: Schwartsmann fullname: Schwartsmann, Gilberto email: gschwartsmann@hcpa.ufrgs.br organization: Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil |
| BackLink | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16860939$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed |
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| Snippet | Kaposi’s sarcoma (KS) is the most frequent type of cancer in patients with Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS). In the western world, its incidence... Kaposi's sarcoma (KS) is the most frequent type of cancer in patients with Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS). In the western world, its incidence... Kaposis sarcoma (KS) is the most frequent type of cancer in patients with Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS). In the western world, its incidence... |
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| SubjectTerms | Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome - complications Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome - drug therapy Adult AIDS Anthracyclines - administration & dosage Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active Antiviral Agents - therapeutic use Clinical Trials as Topic Human immunodeficiency virus Humans Interferons - therapeutic use Kaposi’s Sarcoma Liposomes Male Paclitaxel - administration & dosage Sarcoma, Kaposi - drug therapy Sarcoma, Kaposi - epidemiology Sarcoma, Kaposi - virology Treatment |
| Title | Systemic treatment of AIDS-related Kaposi sarcoma: Current status and perspectives |
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