Antibiotic-Resistant Enterococci in Seawater and Sediments from a Coastal Fish Farm
The aim of this study was to detect and characterize antibiotic-resistant enterococci in seawater and sediment from a Mediterranean aquaculture site where no antibiotics are used. Colonies (650) grown on Slanetz-Bartley (SB) agar were amplified on antibiotic-supplemented SB, and erythromycin (ERY),...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Microbial drug resistance (Larchmont, N.Y.) Jg. 18; H. 5; S. 52 - 509 |
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| Hauptverfasser: | , , , , |
| Format: | Journal Article |
| Sprache: | Englisch |
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Los Angeles, CA
Mary Ann Liebert, Inc
01.10.2012
SAGE Publications |
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| ISSN: | 1076-6294, 1931-8448, 1931-8448 |
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| Abstract | The aim of this study was to detect and characterize antibiotic-resistant enterococci in seawater and sediment from a Mediterranean aquaculture site where no antibiotics are used. Colonies (650) grown on Slanetz-Bartley (SB) agar were amplified on antibiotic-supplemented SB, and erythromycin (ERY), tetracycline (TET), and ampicillin (AMP) MICs were determined. Of 75 resistant isolates (17 to TET, 5 to ERY, and 45 to AMP), 5
Enterococcus faecalis
, 25
E. faecium
, 5
E. casseliflavus
, 1
E. gallinarum
, 1
E. durans
, and 23
Enterococcus
spp. were identified by genus- and species-specific polymerase chain reaction (PCR).
tet
(M),
tet
(O),
tet
(L),
tet
(K),
erm
(B),
erm
(A),
erm
(C),
mef
,
msr
,
blaZ
, and
int
(Tn
916
) were sought by PCR, including an improved multiplex PCR assay targeting
tet
(M),
tet
(L), and
erm
(B).
Tet
(M) was the most frequent TET resistance gene;
msr
(C) was the sole ERY resistance gene detected.
blaZ
was found in 29/45 AMP-resistant isolates; however, no β-lactamase production was detected. Antibiotic-resistant enterococci were recovered 2 km off the coast despite the absence of selective pressure exerted by antibiotic use. The occurrence of resistant strains in the absence of the tested genes may indicate the presence of less common resistance determinants. This first evidence of resistant enterococci at a Mediterranean aquaculture site suggests the existence of a marine reservoir of antibiotic resistances potentially transmissible to virulent strains that could be affected by mariculture in an antibiotic-independent manner. |
|---|---|
| AbstractList | The aim of this study was to detect and characterize antibiotic-resistant enterococci in seawater and sediment from a Mediterranean aquaculture site where no antibiotics are used. Colonies (650) grown on Slanetz-Bartley (SB) agar were amplified on antibiotic-supplemented SB, and erythromycin (ERY), tetracycline (TET), and ampicillin (AMP) MICs were determined. Of 75 resistant isolates (17 to TET, 5 to ERY, and 45 to AMP), 5 Enterococcus faecalis, 25 E. faecium, 5 E. casseliflavus, 1 E. gallinarum, 1 E. durans, and 23 Enterococcus spp. were identified by genus- and species-specific polymerase chain reaction (PCR). tet(M), tet(O), tet(L), tet(K), erm(B), erm(A), erm(C), mef, msr, blaZ, and int(Tn916) were sought by PCR, including an improved multiplex PCR assay targeting tet(M), tet(L), and erm(B). Tet(M) was the most frequent TET resistance gene; msr(C) was the sole ERY resistance gene detected. blaZ was found in 29/45 AMP-resistant isolates; however, no β-lactamase production was detected. Antibiotic-resistant enterococci were recovered 2 km off the coast despite the absence of selective pressure exerted by antibiotic use. The occurrence of resistant strains in the absence of the tested genes may indicate the presence of less common resistance determinants. This first evidence of resistant enterococci at a Mediterranean aquaculture site suggests the existence of a marine reservoir of antibiotic resistances potentially transmissible to virulent strains that could be affected by mariculture in an antibiotic-independent manner. The aim of this study was to detect and characterize antibiotic-resistant enterococci in seawater and sediment from a Mediterranean aquaculture site where no antibiotics are used. Colonies (650) grown on Slanetz-Bartley (SB) agar were amplified on antibiotic-supplemented SB, and erythromycin (ERY), tetracycline (TET), and ampicillin (AMP) MICs were determined. Of 75 resistant isolates (17 to TET, 5 to ERY, and 45 to AMP), 5 Enterococcus faecalis, 25 E. faecium, 5 E. casseliflavus, 1 E. gallinarum, 1 E. durans, and 23 Enterococcus spp. were identified by genus- and species-specific polymerase chain reaction (PCR). tet(M), tet(O), tet(L), tet(K), erm(B), erm(A), erm(C), mef, msr, blaZ, and int(Tn916) were sought by PCR, including an improved multiplex PCR assay targeting tet(M), tet(L), and erm(B). Tet(M) was the most frequent TET resistance gene; msr(C) was the sole ERY resistance gene detected. blaZ was found in 29/45 AMP-resistant isolates; however, no beta -lactamase production was detected. Antibiotic-resistant enterococci were recovered 2 km off the coast despite the absence of selective pressure exerted by antibiotic use. The occurrence of resistant strains in the absence of the tested genes may indicate the presence of less common resistance determinants. This first evidence of resistant enterococci at a Mediterranean aquaculture site suggests the existence of a marine reservoir of antibiotic resistances potentially transmissible to virulent strains that could be affected by mariculture in an antibiotic-independent manner. The aim of this study was to detect and characterize antibiotic-resistant enterococci in seawater and sediment from a Mediterranean aquaculture site where no antibiotics are used. Colonies (650) grown on Slanetz-Bartley (SB) agar were amplified on antibiotic-supplemented SB, and erythromycin (ERY), tetracycline (TET), and ampicillin (AMP) MICs were determined. Of 75 resistant isolates (17 to TET, 5 to ERY, and 45 to AMP), 5 Enterococcus faecalis, 25 E. faecium, 5 E. casseliflavus, 1 E. gallinarum, 1 E. durans, and 23 Enterococcus spp. were identified by genus- and species-specific polymerase chain reaction (PCR). tet(M), tet(O), tet(L), tet(K), erm(B), erm(A), erm(C), mef, msr, blaZ, and int(Tn916) were sought by PCR, including an improved multiplex PCR assay targeting tet(M), tet(L), and erm(B). Tet(M) was the most frequent TET resistance gene; msr(C) was the sole ERY resistance gene detected. blaZ was found in 29/45 AMP-resistant isolates; however, no β-lactamase production was detected. Antibiotic-resistant enterococci were recovered 2 km off the coast despite the absence of selective pressure exerted by antibiotic use. The occurrence of resistant strains in the absence of the tested genes may indicate the presence of less common resistance determinants. This first evidence of resistant enterococci at a Mediterranean aquaculture site suggests the existence of a marine reservoir of antibiotic resistances potentially transmissible to virulent strains that could be affected by mariculture in an antibiotic-independent manner.The aim of this study was to detect and characterize antibiotic-resistant enterococci in seawater and sediment from a Mediterranean aquaculture site where no antibiotics are used. Colonies (650) grown on Slanetz-Bartley (SB) agar were amplified on antibiotic-supplemented SB, and erythromycin (ERY), tetracycline (TET), and ampicillin (AMP) MICs were determined. Of 75 resistant isolates (17 to TET, 5 to ERY, and 45 to AMP), 5 Enterococcus faecalis, 25 E. faecium, 5 E. casseliflavus, 1 E. gallinarum, 1 E. durans, and 23 Enterococcus spp. were identified by genus- and species-specific polymerase chain reaction (PCR). tet(M), tet(O), tet(L), tet(K), erm(B), erm(A), erm(C), mef, msr, blaZ, and int(Tn916) were sought by PCR, including an improved multiplex PCR assay targeting tet(M), tet(L), and erm(B). Tet(M) was the most frequent TET resistance gene; msr(C) was the sole ERY resistance gene detected. blaZ was found in 29/45 AMP-resistant isolates; however, no β-lactamase production was detected. Antibiotic-resistant enterococci were recovered 2 km off the coast despite the absence of selective pressure exerted by antibiotic use. The occurrence of resistant strains in the absence of the tested genes may indicate the presence of less common resistance determinants. This first evidence of resistant enterococci at a Mediterranean aquaculture site suggests the existence of a marine reservoir of antibiotic resistances potentially transmissible to virulent strains that could be affected by mariculture in an antibiotic-independent manner. The aim of this study was to detect and characterize antibiotic-resistant enterococci in seawater and sediment from a Mediterranean aquaculture site where no antibiotics are used. Colonies (650) grown on Slanetz-Bartley (SB) agar were amplified on antibiotic-supplemented SB, and erythromycin (ERY), tetracycline (TET), and ampicillin (AMP) MICs were determined. Of 75 resistant isolates (17 to TET, 5 to ERY, and 45 to AMP), 5 Enterococcus faecalis , 25 E. faecium , 5 E. casseliflavus , 1 E. gallinarum , 1 E. durans , and 23 Enterococcus spp. were identified by genus- and species-specific polymerase chain reaction (PCR). tet (M), tet (O), tet (L), tet (K), erm (B), erm (A), erm (C), mef , msr , blaZ , and int (Tn 916 ) were sought by PCR, including an improved multiplex PCR assay targeting tet (M), tet (L), and erm (B). Tet (M) was the most frequent TET resistance gene; msr (C) was the sole ERY resistance gene detected. blaZ was found in 29/45 AMP-resistant isolates; however, no β-lactamase production was detected. Antibiotic-resistant enterococci were recovered 2 km off the coast despite the absence of selective pressure exerted by antibiotic use. The occurrence of resistant strains in the absence of the tested genes may indicate the presence of less common resistance determinants. This first evidence of resistant enterococci at a Mediterranean aquaculture site suggests the existence of a marine reservoir of antibiotic resistances potentially transmissible to virulent strains that could be affected by mariculture in an antibiotic-independent manner. The aim of this study was to detect and characterize antibiotic-resistant enterococci in seawater and sediment from a Mediterranean aquaculture site where no antibiotics are used. Colonies (650) grown on Slanetz-Bartley (SB) agar were amplified on antibiotic-supplemented SB, and erythromycin (ERY), tetracycline (TET), and ampicillin (AMP) MICs were determined. Of 75 resistant isolates (17 to TET, 5 to ERY, and 45 to AMP), 5 Enterococcus faecalis, 25 E. faecium, 5 E. casseliflavus, 1 E. gallinarum, 1 E. durans, and 23 Enterococcus spp. were identified by genus- and species-specific polymerase chain reaction (PCR). tet(M), tet(O), tet(L), tet(K), erm(B), erm(A), erm(C), mef, msr, blaZ, and int(Tn916) were sought by PCR, including an improved multiplex PCR assay targeting tet(M), tet(L), and erm(B). Tet(M) was the most frequent TET resistance gene; msr(C) was the sole ERY resistance gene detected. blaZ was found in 29/45 AMP-resistant isolates; however, no β-lactamase production was detected. Antibiotic-resistant enterococci were recovered 2 km off the coast despite the absence of selective pressure exerted by antibiotic use. The occurrence of resistant strains in the absence of the tested genes may indicate the presence of less common resistance determinants. This first evidence of resistant enterococci at a Mediterranean aquaculture site suggests the existence of a marine reservoir of antibiotic resistances potentially transmissible to virulent strains that could be affected by mariculture in an antibiotic-independent manner. [PUBLICATION ABSTRACT] The aim of this study was to detect and characterize antibiotic-resistant enterococci in seawater and sediment from a Mediterranean aquaculture site where no antibiotics are used. Colonies (650) grown on Slanetz-Bartley (SB) agar were amplified on antibiotic-supplemented SB, and erythromycin (ERY), tetracycline (TET), and ampicillin (AMP) MICs were determined. Of 75 resistant isolates (17 to TET, 5 to ERY, and 45 to AMP), 5 Enterococcus faecalis , 25 E. faecium , 5 E. casseliflavus , 1 E. gallinarum , 1 E. durans , and 23 Enterococcus spp. were identified by genus- and species-specific polymerase chain reaction (PCR). tet (M), tet (O), tet (L), tet (K), erm (B), erm (A), erm (C), mef , msr , blaZ , and int (Tn 916 ) were sought by PCR, including an improved multiplex PCR assay targeting tet (M), tet (L), and erm (B). Tet (M) was the most frequent TET resistance gene; msr (C) was the sole ERY resistance gene detected. blaZ was found in 29/45 AMP-resistant isolates; however, no β-lactamase production was detected. Antibiotic-resistant enterococci were recovered 2 km off the coast despite the absence of selective pressure exerted by antibiotic use. The occurrence of resistant strains in the absence of the tested genes may indicate the presence of less common resistance determinants. This first evidence of resistant enterococci at a Mediterranean aquaculture site suggests the existence of a marine reservoir of antibiotic resistances potentially transmissible to virulent strains that could be affected by mariculture in an antibiotic-independent manner. |
| Author | Vignaroli, Carla Biavasco, Francesca Luna, Gian Marco Di Cesare, Andrea Pasquaroli, Sonia |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Andrea surname: Di Cesare fullname: Di Cesare, Andrea – sequence: 2 givenname: Carla surname: Vignaroli fullname: Vignaroli, Carla – sequence: 3 givenname: Gian Marco surname: Luna fullname: Luna, Gian Marco – sequence: 4 givenname: Sonia surname: Pasquaroli fullname: Pasquaroli, Sonia – sequence: 5 givenname: Francesca surname: Biavasco fullname: Biavasco, Francesca |
| BackLink | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22546011$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed |
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| Copyright | 2012, Mary Ann Liebert, Inc. Copyright 2012, Mary Ann Liebert, Inc. (©) Copyright 2012, Mary Ann Liebert, Inc. |
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| PublicationPlace | Los Angeles, CA |
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| PublicationTitle | Microbial drug resistance (Larchmont, N.Y.) |
| PublicationTitleAlternate | Microb Drug Resist |
| PublicationYear | 2012 |
| Publisher | Mary Ann Liebert, Inc SAGE Publications |
| Publisher_xml | – name: Mary Ann Liebert, Inc – name: SAGE Publications |
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| SubjectTerms | Anti-Bacterial Agents - pharmacology Antibiotic resistance Antibiotics Aquaculture Bacteria Bacterial Proteins - genetics Contaminated sediments Drug resistance Drug Resistance, Bacterial - genetics Enterococcus Enterococcus - classification Enterococcus - drug effects Enterococcus - genetics Enterococcus - isolation & purification Enterococcus faecalis Enterococcus faecalis - classification Enterococcus faecalis - drug effects Enterococcus faecalis - genetics Enterococcus faecalis - isolation & purification Enterococcus faecium - classification Enterococcus faecium - drug effects Enterococcus faecium - genetics Enterococcus faecium - isolation & purification Epidemiology Fish farms Geologic Sediments - microbiology Marine Marine aquaculture Microbial Sensitivity Tests Polymerase Chain Reaction Seawater Seawater - microbiology |
| Title | Antibiotic-Resistant Enterococci in Seawater and Sediments from a Coastal Fish Farm |
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