Differences in the Faecal Microbiome in Schistosoma haematobium Infected Children vs. Uninfected Children
Several infectious diseases and therapeutic interventions cause gut microbe dysbiosis and associated pathology. We characterised the gut microbiome of children exposed to the helminth Schistosoma haematobium pre- and post-treatment with the drug praziquantel (PZQ), with the aim to compare the gut mi...
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| Vydané v: | PLoS neglected tropical diseases Ročník 9; číslo 6; s. e0003861 |
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| Hlavní autori: | , , , , , , , , , |
| Médium: | Journal Article |
| Jazyk: | English |
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United States
Public Library of Science
26.06.2015
Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
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| ISSN: | 1935-2735, 1935-2727, 1935-2735 |
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| Abstract | Several infectious diseases and therapeutic interventions cause gut microbe dysbiosis and associated pathology. We characterised the gut microbiome of children exposed to the helminth Schistosoma haematobium pre- and post-treatment with the drug praziquantel (PZQ), with the aim to compare the gut microbiome structure (abundance and diversity) in schistosome infected vs. uninfected children.
Stool DNA from 139 children aged six months to 13 years old; with S. haematobium infection prevalence of 27.34% was extracted at baseline. 12 weeks following antihelminthic treatment with praziqunatel, stool DNA was collected from 62 of the 139 children. The 16S rRNA genes were sequenced from the baseline and post-treatment samples and the sequence data, clustered into operational taxonomic units (OTUs). The OTU data were analysed using multivariate analyses and paired T-test.
Pre-treatment, the most abundant phyla were Bacteroidetes, followed by Firmicutes and Proteobacteria respectively. The relative abundance of taxa among bacterial classes showed limited variation by age group or sex and the bacterial communities had similar overall compositions. Although there were no overall differences in the microbiome structure across the whole age range, the abundance of 21 OTUs varied significantly with age (FDR<0.05). Some OTUs including Veillonella, Streptococcus, Bacteroides and Helicobacter were more abundant in children ≤ 1 year old compared to older children. Furthermore, the gut microbiome differed in schistosome infected vs. uninfected children with 27 OTU occurring in infected but not uninfected children, for 5 of these all Prevotella, the difference was statistically significant (p <0.05) with FDR <0.05. PZQ treatment did not alter the microbiome structure in infected or uninfected children from that observed at baseline.
There are significant differences in the gut microbiome structure of infected vs. uninfected children and the differences were refractory to PZQ treatment. |
|---|---|
| AbstractList | Several infectious diseases and therapeutic interventions cause gut microbe dysbiosis and associated pathology. We characterised the gut microbiome of children exposed to the helminth Schistosoma haematobium pre- and post-treatment with the drug praziquantel (PZQ), with the aim to compare the gut microbiome structure (abundance and diversity) in schistosome infected vs. uninfected children.
Stool DNA from 139 children aged six months to 13 years old; with S. haematobium infection prevalence of 27.34% was extracted at baseline. 12 weeks following antihelminthic treatment with praziqunatel, stool DNA was collected from 62 of the 139 children. The 16S rRNA genes were sequenced from the baseline and post-treatment samples and the sequence data, clustered into operational taxonomic units (OTUs). The OTU data were analysed using multivariate analyses and paired T-test.
Pre-treatment, the most abundant phyla were Bacteroidetes, followed by Firmicutes and Proteobacteria respectively. The relative abundance of taxa among bacterial classes showed limited variation by age group or sex and the bacterial communities had similar overall compositions. Although there were no overall differences in the microbiome structure across the whole age range, the abundance of 21 OTUs varied significantly with age (FDR<0.05). Some OTUs including Veillonella, Streptococcus, Bacteroides and Helicobacter were more abundant in children ≤ 1 year old compared to older children. Furthermore, the gut microbiome differed in schistosome infected vs. uninfected children with 27 OTU occurring in infected but not uninfected children, for 5 of these all Prevotella, the difference was statistically significant (p <0.05) with FDR <0.05. PZQ treatment did not alter the microbiome structure in infected or uninfected children from that observed at baseline.
There are significant differences in the gut microbiome structure of infected vs. uninfected children and the differences were refractory to PZQ treatment. The role of the gut microbiome in host health is becoming clearer with better characterisation of the nutritional, biochemical and immunological function of the microbes. However, to date, there is a paucity of studies describing/ investigating the role of the gut microbiome in infection, pathology and acquired immunity in children exposed to helminths, in sub-Saharan Africa. We determined how the diversity and abundance of different gut bacteria taxonomic groups differ with age, sex and infection with the helminths parasites causing bilharzia/schistosomiasis in children aged 6 months -13 years. The parasites are controlled by treatment with the antihelminthic praziquantel (PZQ), which is associated with diarrhoea within the first 24 hours of treatment in some children. We therefore also investigated the effects of PZQ treatment on the gut microbiome of the children 12 weeks post-PZQ treatment. The composition of the gut microbiome changed with age within the 0–3 year age range and also differed significantly in abundance of the different taxonomic groups between infected and uninfected children prior to treatment with PZQ. However, the pre-treatment microbiome structure was not altered by antihelminthic treatment of infected or uninfected children. Further studies are required to investigate causality and mechanisms of interaction. Several infectious diseases and therapeutic interventions cause gut microbe dysbiosis and associated pathology. We characterised the gut microbiome of children exposed to the helminth Schistosoma haematobium pre- and post-treatment with the drug praziquantel (PZQ), with the aim to compare the gut microbiome structure (abundance and diversity) in schistosome infected vs. uninfected children.BACKGROUNDSeveral infectious diseases and therapeutic interventions cause gut microbe dysbiosis and associated pathology. We characterised the gut microbiome of children exposed to the helminth Schistosoma haematobium pre- and post-treatment with the drug praziquantel (PZQ), with the aim to compare the gut microbiome structure (abundance and diversity) in schistosome infected vs. uninfected children.Stool DNA from 139 children aged six months to 13 years old; with S. haematobium infection prevalence of 27.34% was extracted at baseline. 12 weeks following antihelminthic treatment with praziqunatel, stool DNA was collected from 62 of the 139 children. The 16S rRNA genes were sequenced from the baseline and post-treatment samples and the sequence data, clustered into operational taxonomic units (OTUs). The OTU data were analysed using multivariate analyses and paired T-test.METHODSStool DNA from 139 children aged six months to 13 years old; with S. haematobium infection prevalence of 27.34% was extracted at baseline. 12 weeks following antihelminthic treatment with praziqunatel, stool DNA was collected from 62 of the 139 children. The 16S rRNA genes were sequenced from the baseline and post-treatment samples and the sequence data, clustered into operational taxonomic units (OTUs). The OTU data were analysed using multivariate analyses and paired T-test.Pre-treatment, the most abundant phyla were Bacteroidetes, followed by Firmicutes and Proteobacteria respectively. The relative abundance of taxa among bacterial classes showed limited variation by age group or sex and the bacterial communities had similar overall compositions. Although there were no overall differences in the microbiome structure across the whole age range, the abundance of 21 OTUs varied significantly with age (FDR<0.05). Some OTUs including Veillonella, Streptococcus, Bacteroides and Helicobacter were more abundant in children ≤ 1 year old compared to older children. Furthermore, the gut microbiome differed in schistosome infected vs. uninfected children with 27 OTU occurring in infected but not uninfected children, for 5 of these all Prevotella, the difference was statistically significant (p <0.05) with FDR <0.05. PZQ treatment did not alter the microbiome structure in infected or uninfected children from that observed at baseline.RESULTSPre-treatment, the most abundant phyla were Bacteroidetes, followed by Firmicutes and Proteobacteria respectively. The relative abundance of taxa among bacterial classes showed limited variation by age group or sex and the bacterial communities had similar overall compositions. Although there were no overall differences in the microbiome structure across the whole age range, the abundance of 21 OTUs varied significantly with age (FDR<0.05). Some OTUs including Veillonella, Streptococcus, Bacteroides and Helicobacter were more abundant in children ≤ 1 year old compared to older children. Furthermore, the gut microbiome differed in schistosome infected vs. uninfected children with 27 OTU occurring in infected but not uninfected children, for 5 of these all Prevotella, the difference was statistically significant (p <0.05) with FDR <0.05. PZQ treatment did not alter the microbiome structure in infected or uninfected children from that observed at baseline.There are significant differences in the gut microbiome structure of infected vs. uninfected children and the differences were refractory to PZQ treatment.CONCLUSIONSThere are significant differences in the gut microbiome structure of infected vs. uninfected children and the differences were refractory to PZQ treatment. Background Several infectious diseases and therapeutic interventions cause gut microbe dysbiosis and associated pathology. We characterised the gut microbiome of children exposed to the helminth Schistosoma haematobium pre- and post-treatment with the drug praziquantel (PZQ), with the aim to compare the gut microbiome structure (abundance and diversity) in schistosome infected vs. uninfected children. Methods Stool DNA from 139 children aged six months to 13 years old; with S. haematobium infection prevalence of 27.34% was extracted at baseline. 12 weeks following antihelminthic treatment with praziqunatel, stool DNA was collected from 62 of the 139 children. The 16S rRNA genes were sequenced from the baseline and post-treatment samples and the sequence data, clustered into operational taxonomic units (OTUs). The OTU data were analysed using multivariate analyses and paired T- test. Results Pre-treatment, the most abundant phyla were Bacteroidetes, followed by Firmicutes and Proteobacteria respectively. The relative abundance of taxa among bacterial classes showed limited variation by age group or sex and the bacterial communities had similar overall compositions. Although there were no overall differences in the microbiome structure across the whole age range, the abundance of 21 OTUs varied significantly with age (FDR<0.05). Some OTUs including Veillonella, Streptococcus, Bacteroides and Helicobacter were more abundant in children ≤ 1 year old compared to older children. Furthermore, the gut microbiome differed in schistosome infected vs. uninfected children with 27 OTU occurring in infected but not uninfected children, for 5 of these all Prevotella, the difference was statistically significant (p <0.05) with FDR <0.05. PZQ treatment did not alter the microbiome structure in infected or uninfected children from that observed at baseline. Conclusions There are significant differences in the gut microbiome structure of infected vs. uninfected children and the differences were refractory to PZQ treatment. BackgroundSeveral infectious diseases and therapeutic interventions cause gut microbe dysbiosis and associated pathology. We characterised the gut microbiome of children exposed to the helminth Schistosoma haematobium pre- and post-treatment with the drug praziquantel (PZQ), with the aim to compare the gut microbiome structure (abundance and diversity) in schistosome infected vs. uninfected children.MethodsStool DNA from 139 children aged six months to 13 years old; with S. haematobium infection prevalence of 27.34% was extracted at baseline. 12 weeks following antihelminthic treatment with praziqunatel, stool DNA was collected from 62 of the 139 children. The 16S rRNA genes were sequenced from the baseline and post-treatment samples and the sequence data, clustered into operational taxonomic units (OTUs). The OTU data were analysed using multivariate analyses and paired T-test.ResultsPre-treatment, the most abundant phyla were Bacteroidetes, followed by Firmicutes and Proteobacteria respectively. The relative abundance of taxa among bacterial classes showed limited variation by age group or sex and the bacterial communities had similar overall compositions. Although there were no overall differences in the microbiome structure across the whole age range, the abundance of 21 OTUs varied significantly with age (FDR<0.05). Some OTUs including Veillonella, Streptococcus, Bacteroides and Helicobacter were more abundant in children ≤ 1 year old compared to older children. Furthermore, the gut microbiome differed in schistosome infected vs. uninfected children with 27 OTU occurring in infected but not uninfected children, for 5 of these all Prevotella, the difference was statistically significant (p <0.05) with FDR <0.05. PZQ treatment did not alter the microbiome structure in infected or uninfected children from that observed at baseline.ConclusionsThere are significant differences in the gut microbiome structure of infected vs. uninfected children and the differences were refractory to PZQ treatment. |
| Author | Mduluza, Takafira Millard, Andrew Sergeant, Martin J. Gwisai, Reggis Nausch, Norman Mutapi, Francisca Ivens, Alasdair Midzi, Nicholas Pallen, Mark Kay, Gemma Louise |
| AuthorAffiliation | 2 National Institute of Health Research, Causeway, Harare, Zimbabwe 1 Microbiology and Infection Unit, Division of Translational and Systems Medicine, Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Campus, Coventry, West Midlands, United Kingdom University of Melbourne, AUSTRALIA 3 Murewa District Hospital, Murewa, Zimbabwe 5 Insitute of Immunology and Infection Research, Centre for Immunology, Infection and Evolution, School of Biological Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Ashworth Laboratories, King’s Buildings, Edinburgh, United Kingdom 4 Department of Biochemistry, University of Zimbabwe, Mount Pleasant, Harare, Zimbabwe |
| AuthorAffiliation_xml | – name: University of Melbourne, AUSTRALIA – name: 2 National Institute of Health Research, Causeway, Harare, Zimbabwe – name: 4 Department of Biochemistry, University of Zimbabwe, Mount Pleasant, Harare, Zimbabwe – name: 5 Insitute of Immunology and Infection Research, Centre for Immunology, Infection and Evolution, School of Biological Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Ashworth Laboratories, King’s Buildings, Edinburgh, United Kingdom – name: 1 Microbiology and Infection Unit, Division of Translational and Systems Medicine, Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Campus, Coventry, West Midlands, United Kingdom – name: 3 Murewa District Hospital, Murewa, Zimbabwe |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Gemma Louise surname: Kay fullname: Kay, Gemma Louise – sequence: 2 givenname: Andrew surname: Millard fullname: Millard, Andrew – sequence: 3 givenname: Martin J. surname: Sergeant fullname: Sergeant, Martin J. – sequence: 4 givenname: Nicholas surname: Midzi fullname: Midzi, Nicholas – sequence: 5 givenname: Reggis surname: Gwisai fullname: Gwisai, Reggis – sequence: 6 givenname: Takafira surname: Mduluza fullname: Mduluza, Takafira – sequence: 7 givenname: Alasdair surname: Ivens fullname: Ivens, Alasdair – sequence: 8 givenname: Norman surname: Nausch fullname: Nausch, Norman – sequence: 9 givenname: Francisca surname: Mutapi fullname: Mutapi, Francisca – sequence: 10 givenname: Mark surname: Pallen fullname: Pallen, Mark |
| BackLink | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26114287$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed |
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| ContentType | Journal Article |
| Copyright | 2015 Kay et al 2015 Kay et al 2015 Public Library of Science. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited: Infected Children vs. Uninfected Children. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 9(6): e0003861. doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0003861 |
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| Notes | ObjectType-Article-2 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-1 content type line 23 Current Address: Pediatric Pneumology and Infectious Diseases Group, Department of General Pediatrics, Neonatology, and Pediatric Cardiology, University Children’s Hospital, Duesseldorf, Germany Conceived and designed the experiments: FM TM NM NN MP. Performed the experiments: GLK NN. Analyzed the data: GLK MP MJS AM AI. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: MP AI MJS AM. Wrote the paper: GLK MP FM NN. Fieldwork design and implementation: FM TM NN NM RG. Current Address: University of Zimbabwe, College of Health Sciences, Department of Medical Microbiology, Harare, Zimbabwe The authors have declared that no competing interests exist. |
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| SubjectTerms | Age Animals Child Diarrhea Dysbiosis - etiology Dysbiosis - pathology Feces - microbiology Funding High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing HIV Human immunodeficiency virus Humans Immunology Infections Infectious diseases Microbiota - genetics Multivariate Analysis Parasites Pathology Phylogeny Praziquantel - therapeutic use RNA, Ribosomal, 16S - genetics Schistosomiasis haematobia - complications Schistosomiasis haematobia - drug therapy Schistosomiasis haematobia - microbiology Studies Taxonomy Tropical diseases |
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| Title | Differences in the Faecal Microbiome in Schistosoma haematobium Infected Children vs. Uninfected Children |
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