Investigating Associations of Omega-3 Fatty Acids, Lung Function Decline, and Airway Obstruction
Inflammation contributes to lung function decline and the development of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Omega-3 fatty acids have antiinflammatory properties and may benefit lung health. To investigate associations of omega-3 fatty acids with lung function decline and incident airway obstruct...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine Jg. 208; H. 8; S. 846 |
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15.10.2023
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| Abstract | Inflammation contributes to lung function decline and the development of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Omega-3 fatty acids have antiinflammatory properties and may benefit lung health.
To investigate associations of omega-3 fatty acids with lung function decline and incident airway obstruction in a diverse sample of adults from general-population cohorts.
Complementary study designs:
) longitudinal study of plasma phospholipid omega-3 fatty acids and repeated FEV
and FVC measures in the NHLBI Pooled Cohorts Study and
) two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) study of genetically predicted omega-3 fatty acids and lung function parameters.
The longitudinal study found that higher omega-3 fatty acid levels were associated with attenuated lung function decline in 15,063 participants, with the largest effect sizes for the most metabolically downstream omega-3 fatty acid, docosahexaenoic acid (DHA). An increase in DHA of 1% of total fatty acids was associated with attenuations of 1.4 ml/yr for FEV
(95% confidence interval [CI], 1.1-1.8) and 2.0 ml/yr for FVC (95% CI, 1.6-2.4) and a 7% lower incidence of spirometry-defined airway obstruction (95% CI, 0.89-0.97). DHA associations persisted across sexes and smoking histories and in Black, White, and Hispanic participants, with associations of the largest magnitude in former smokers and Hispanic participants. The MR study showed similar trends toward positive associations of genetically predicted downstream omega-3 fatty acids with FEV
and FVC.
The longitudinal and MR studies provide evidence supporting beneficial effects of higher levels of downstream omega-3 fatty acids, especially DHA, on lung health. |
|---|---|
| AbstractList | Rationale: Inflammation contributes to lung function decline and the development of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Omega-3 fatty acids have antiinflammatory properties and may benefit lung health. Objectives: To investigate associations of omega-3 fatty acids with lung function decline and incident airway obstruction in a diverse sample of adults from general-population cohorts. Methods: Complementary study designs: 1) longitudinal study of plasma phospholipid omega-3 fatty acids and repeated FEV1 and FVC measures in the NHLBI Pooled Cohorts Study and 2) two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) study of genetically predicted omega-3 fatty acids and lung function parameters. Measurements and Main Results: The longitudinal study found that higher omega-3 fatty acid levels were associated with attenuated lung function decline in 15,063 participants, with the largest effect sizes for the most metabolically downstream omega-3 fatty acid, docosahexaenoic acid (DHA). An increase in DHA of 1% of total fatty acids was associated with attenuations of 1.4 ml/yr for FEV1 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.1-1.8) and 2.0 ml/yr for FVC (95% CI, 1.6-2.4) and a 7% lower incidence of spirometry-defined airway obstruction (95% CI, 0.89-0.97). DHA associations persisted across sexes and smoking histories and in Black, White, and Hispanic participants, with associations of the largest magnitude in former smokers and Hispanic participants. The MR study showed similar trends toward positive associations of genetically predicted downstream omega-3 fatty acids with FEV1 and FVC. Conclusions: The longitudinal and MR studies provide evidence supporting beneficial effects of higher levels of downstream omega-3 fatty acids, especially DHA, on lung health.Rationale: Inflammation contributes to lung function decline and the development of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Omega-3 fatty acids have antiinflammatory properties and may benefit lung health. Objectives: To investigate associations of omega-3 fatty acids with lung function decline and incident airway obstruction in a diverse sample of adults from general-population cohorts. Methods: Complementary study designs: 1) longitudinal study of plasma phospholipid omega-3 fatty acids and repeated FEV1 and FVC measures in the NHLBI Pooled Cohorts Study and 2) two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) study of genetically predicted omega-3 fatty acids and lung function parameters. Measurements and Main Results: The longitudinal study found that higher omega-3 fatty acid levels were associated with attenuated lung function decline in 15,063 participants, with the largest effect sizes for the most metabolically downstream omega-3 fatty acid, docosahexaenoic acid (DHA). An increase in DHA of 1% of total fatty acids was associated with attenuations of 1.4 ml/yr for FEV1 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.1-1.8) and 2.0 ml/yr for FVC (95% CI, 1.6-2.4) and a 7% lower incidence of spirometry-defined airway obstruction (95% CI, 0.89-0.97). DHA associations persisted across sexes and smoking histories and in Black, White, and Hispanic participants, with associations of the largest magnitude in former smokers and Hispanic participants. The MR study showed similar trends toward positive associations of genetically predicted downstream omega-3 fatty acids with FEV1 and FVC. Conclusions: The longitudinal and MR studies provide evidence supporting beneficial effects of higher levels of downstream omega-3 fatty acids, especially DHA, on lung health. Inflammation contributes to lung function decline and the development of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Omega-3 fatty acids have antiinflammatory properties and may benefit lung health. To investigate associations of omega-3 fatty acids with lung function decline and incident airway obstruction in a diverse sample of adults from general-population cohorts. Complementary study designs: ) longitudinal study of plasma phospholipid omega-3 fatty acids and repeated FEV and FVC measures in the NHLBI Pooled Cohorts Study and ) two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) study of genetically predicted omega-3 fatty acids and lung function parameters. The longitudinal study found that higher omega-3 fatty acid levels were associated with attenuated lung function decline in 15,063 participants, with the largest effect sizes for the most metabolically downstream omega-3 fatty acid, docosahexaenoic acid (DHA). An increase in DHA of 1% of total fatty acids was associated with attenuations of 1.4 ml/yr for FEV (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.1-1.8) and 2.0 ml/yr for FVC (95% CI, 1.6-2.4) and a 7% lower incidence of spirometry-defined airway obstruction (95% CI, 0.89-0.97). DHA associations persisted across sexes and smoking histories and in Black, White, and Hispanic participants, with associations of the largest magnitude in former smokers and Hispanic participants. The MR study showed similar trends toward positive associations of genetically predicted downstream omega-3 fatty acids with FEV and FVC. The longitudinal and MR studies provide evidence supporting beneficial effects of higher levels of downstream omega-3 fatty acids, especially DHA, on lung health. |
| Author | Wood, Alexis C Graff, Mariaelisa Oelsner, Elizabeth O'Connor, George Jacobs, Jr, David R Gharib, Sina A Lemaitre, Rozenn N Barr, R Graham Cassano, Patricia A North, Kari Xu, Hanfei Manichaikul, Ani Kalhan, Ravi Tsai, Michael Y Balte, Pallavi Fornage, Myriam Seo, Jungkyun Hancock, Dana B Steffen, Lyn M Psaty, Bruce Bartz, Traci M Dupuis, Josée Patchen, Bonnie K Zhang, Jingwen |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Bonnie K orcidid: 0000-0003-3361-6744 surname: Patchen fullname: Patchen, Bonnie K organization: Division of Nutritional Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York – sequence: 2 givenname: Pallavi surname: Balte fullname: Balte, Pallavi organization: Department of Medicine, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York – sequence: 3 givenname: Traci M surname: Bartz fullname: Bartz, Traci M organization: Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Departments of Medicine, Epidemiology, and Health Systems and Population Health – sequence: 4 givenname: R Graham surname: Barr fullname: Barr, R Graham organization: Department of Medicine, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York – sequence: 5 givenname: Myriam surname: Fornage fullname: Fornage, Myriam organization: Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, Texas – sequence: 6 givenname: Mariaelisa surname: Graff fullname: Graff, Mariaelisa organization: Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina – sequence: 7 givenname: David R surname: Jacobs, Jr fullname: Jacobs, Jr, David R organization: Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, University of Minnesota School of Public Health, Minneapolis, Minnesota – sequence: 8 givenname: Ravi surname: Kalhan fullname: Kalhan, Ravi organization: Departments of Medicine and Preventative Medicine, Northwestern Medicine, Chicago, Illinois – sequence: 9 givenname: Rozenn N surname: Lemaitre fullname: Lemaitre, Rozenn N organization: Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Departments of Medicine, Epidemiology, and Health Systems and Population Health – sequence: 10 givenname: George surname: O'Connor fullname: O'Connor, George organization: Pulmonary, Allergy, Sleep and Critical Care Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts – sequence: 11 givenname: Bruce surname: Psaty fullname: Psaty, Bruce organization: Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Departments of Medicine, Epidemiology, and Health Systems and Population Health – sequence: 12 givenname: Jungkyun surname: Seo fullname: Seo, Jungkyun organization: Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina – sequence: 13 givenname: Michael Y surname: Tsai fullname: Tsai, Michael Y organization: Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota – sequence: 14 givenname: Alexis C surname: Wood fullname: Wood, Alexis C organization: U.S. Department of Agriculture/Agricultural Research Service Children Nutrition Research Center, Houston, Texas – sequence: 15 givenname: Hanfei surname: Xu fullname: Xu, Hanfei organization: Departments of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts – sequence: 16 givenname: Jingwen surname: Zhang fullname: Zhang, Jingwen organization: Departments of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts – sequence: 17 givenname: Sina A surname: Gharib fullname: Gharib, Sina A organization: Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington – sequence: 18 givenname: Ani surname: Manichaikul fullname: Manichaikul, Ani organization: Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia – sequence: 19 givenname: Kari surname: North fullname: North, Kari organization: Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, Texas – sequence: 20 givenname: Lyn M surname: Steffen fullname: Steffen, Lyn M organization: Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina – sequence: 21 givenname: Josée surname: Dupuis fullname: Dupuis, Josée organization: Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Occupational Health, School of Population and Global Health, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada – sequence: 22 givenname: Elizabeth surname: Oelsner fullname: Oelsner, Elizabeth organization: Department of Medicine, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York – sequence: 23 givenname: Dana B orcidid: 0000-0003-2240-3604 surname: Hancock fullname: Hancock, Dana B organization: RTI International, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina; and – sequence: 24 givenname: Patricia A orcidid: 0009-0000-3495-0977 surname: Cassano fullname: Cassano, Patricia A organization: Department of Population Health Sciences, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York |
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| Snippet | Inflammation contributes to lung function decline and the development of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Omega-3 fatty acids have antiinflammatory... Rationale: Inflammation contributes to lung function decline and the development of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Omega-3 fatty acids have... |
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| SubjectTerms | Adult Airway Obstruction Docosahexaenoic Acids Fatty Acids, Omega-3 Humans Longitudinal Studies Lung Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive - genetics |
| Title | Investigating Associations of Omega-3 Fatty Acids, Lung Function Decline, and Airway Obstruction |
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