Chemoenzymatic elaboration of the Raper-Mason pathway unravels the structural diversity within eumelanin pigments
Melanin is a central polymer in living organisms, yet our understanding of its molecular structure remains unresolved. Here, we apply a biosynthetic approach to explore the composite structures accessible in one type of melanin, eumelanin. Using a combination of solid-state NMR, dynamic nuclear pola...
Gespeichert in:
| Veröffentlicht in: | Chemical science (Cambridge) Jg. 11; H. 3; S. 7836 - 7841 |
|---|---|
| Hauptverfasser: | , , , |
| Format: | Journal Article |
| Sprache: | Englisch |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Cambridge
Royal Society of Chemistry
14.08.2020
The Royal Society of Chemistry |
| Schlagworte: | |
| ISSN: | 2041-6520, 2041-6539 |
| Online-Zugang: | Volltext |
| Tags: |
Tag hinzufügen
Keine Tags, Fügen Sie den ersten Tag hinzu!
|
| Abstract | Melanin is a central polymer in living organisms, yet our understanding of its molecular structure remains unresolved. Here, we apply a biosynthetic approach to explore the composite structures accessible in one type of melanin, eumelanin. Using a combination of solid-state NMR, dynamic nuclear polarization, and electron microscopy, we reveal how a variety of monomers are enzymatically polymerized into their corresponding eumelanin pigments. We demonstrate how this approach can be used to unite structure with an understanding of enzymatic activity, substrate scope, and the regulation of nanostructural features. Overall, this data reveals how intermediate metabolites of the Raper-Mason metabolic pathway contribute to polymerization, allowing us to revisit the original proposal of how eumelanin is biosynthesized.
Melanin is a central polymer in living organisms, yet our understanding of its molecular structure remains unresolved. |
|---|---|
| AbstractList | Melanin is a central polymer in living organisms, yet our understanding of its molecular structure remains unresolved. Here, we apply a biosynthetic approach to explore the composite structures accessible in one type of melanin, eumelanin. Using a combination of solid-state NMR, dynamic nuclear polarization, and electron microscopy, we reveal how a variety of monomers are enzymatically polymerized into their corresponding eumelanin pigments. We demonstrate how this approach can be used to unite structure with an understanding of enzymatic activity, substrate scope, and the regulation of nanostructural features. Overall, this data reveals how intermediate metabolites of the Raper–Mason metabolic pathway contribute to polymerization, allowing us to revisit the original proposal of how eumelanin is biosynthesized. Melanin is a central polymer in living organisms, yet our understanding of its molecular structure remains unresolved. Melanin is a central polymer in living organisms, yet our understanding of its molecular structure remains unresolved. Here, we apply a biosynthetic approach to explore the composite structures accessible in one type of melanin, eumelanin. Using a combination of solid-state NMR, dynamic nuclear polarization, and electron microscopy, we reveal how a variety of monomers are enzymatically polymerized into their corresponding eumelanin pigments. We demonstrate how this approach can be used to unite structure with an understanding of enzymatic activity, substrate scope, and the regulation of nanostructural features. Overall, this data reveals how intermediate metabolites of the Raper-Mason metabolic pathway contribute to polymerization, allowing us to revisit the original proposal of how eumelanin is biosynthesized.Melanin is a central polymer in living organisms, yet our understanding of its molecular structure remains unresolved. Here, we apply a biosynthetic approach to explore the composite structures accessible in one type of melanin, eumelanin. Using a combination of solid-state NMR, dynamic nuclear polarization, and electron microscopy, we reveal how a variety of monomers are enzymatically polymerized into their corresponding eumelanin pigments. We demonstrate how this approach can be used to unite structure with an understanding of enzymatic activity, substrate scope, and the regulation of nanostructural features. Overall, this data reveals how intermediate metabolites of the Raper-Mason metabolic pathway contribute to polymerization, allowing us to revisit the original proposal of how eumelanin is biosynthesized. Melanin is a central polymer in living organisms, yet our understanding of its molecular structure remains unresolved. Here, we apply a biosynthetic approach to explore the composite structures accessible in one type of melanin, eumelanin. Using a combination of solid-state NMR, dynamic nuclear polarization, and electron microscopy, we reveal how a variety of monomers are enzymatically polymerized into their corresponding eumelanin pigments. We demonstrate how this approach can be used to unite structure with an understanding of enzymatic activity, substrate scope, and the regulation of nanostructural features. Overall, this data reveals how intermediate metabolites of the Raper–Mason metabolic pathway contribute to polymerization, allowing us to revisit the original proposal of how eumelanin is biosynthesized. Melanin is a central polymer in living organisms, yet our understanding of its molecular structure remains unresolved. Here, we apply a biosynthetic approach to explore the composite structures accessible in one type of melanin, eumelanin. Using a combination of solid-state NMR, dynamic nuclear polarization, and electron microscopy, we reveal how a variety of monomers are enzymatically polymerized into their corresponding eumelanin pigments. We demonstrate how this approach can be used to unite structure with an understanding of enzymatic activity, substrate scope, and the regulation of nanostructural features. Overall, this data reveals how intermediate metabolites of the Raper-Mason metabolic pathway contribute to polymerization, allowing us to revisit the original proposal of how eumelanin is biosynthesized. Melanin is a central polymer in living organisms, yet our understanding of its molecular structure remains unresolved. |
| Author | Sierra, Brianna N La Clair, James J Ni, Qing Zhe Burkart, Michael D |
| AuthorAffiliation | Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of California |
| AuthorAffiliation_xml | – name: University of California – name: Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Qing Zhe surname: Ni fullname: Ni, Qing Zhe – sequence: 2 givenname: Brianna N surname: Sierra fullname: Sierra, Brianna N – sequence: 3 givenname: James J surname: La Clair fullname: La Clair, James J – sequence: 4 givenname: Michael D surname: Burkart fullname: Burkart, Michael D |
| BookMark | eNp9kstrFTEUh4NUbK3duBdG3EhhNI_JZGZTkNuHQkXwsQ6ZzEknZSaZJplbrn-96b21YhGzyUnynd955Tnac94BQi8Jfkcwa9_3OGpMaU37J-iA4oqUNWft3oNN8T46ivEa58UY4VQ8Q_usIpRhQQ_QzWqAyYP7uZlUsrqAUXU-ZNO7wpsiDVB8VTOE8rOK-WpWabhVm2JxQa1hjFsgprDotAQ1Fr1dQ4g2bYpbmwbrClimLOmyNdurCVyKL9BTo8YIR_f7IfpxfvZ99bG8_HLxafXhstRVK1LJKOcNB2F0XbOqp1AZYfp84ErzzihDCRjeESIaQ_qmFp3pRN8o1jCuhQB2iE52uvPSTdDrHDtnKOdgJxU20isr_35xdpBXfi0bUjNGWRZ4ey8Q_M0CMcnJRg1jLgf8EiXlVW4hFuQOffMIvfZLcLk8SSuGGedt1WYK7ygdfIwBjNQ2bVud49tREizvRipP8bfVdqSn2eX4kcvv_P8Jv97BIeoH7s__kHNvMvPqfwz7BUFEumQ |
| CitedBy_id | crossref_primary_10_1002_cbic_202200021 crossref_primary_10_1039_D1SC05512G crossref_primary_10_1093_jimb_kuad014 crossref_primary_10_3390_bioengineering10010013 crossref_primary_10_1039_D4SC05453A crossref_primary_10_1039_D1SC06755A crossref_primary_10_1039_D2SC06418A crossref_primary_10_3390_ijms25158490 crossref_primary_10_1021_acs_accounts_5c00120 crossref_primary_10_1002_macp_202300025 crossref_primary_10_1111_jam_15046 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_dyepig_2023_111360 crossref_primary_10_1021_jacs_0c12322 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_ejmech_2022_114525 |
| Cites_doi | 10.1111/j.1365-2672.2006.02866.x 10.1006/jmre.2002.2599 10.1016/S0021-9258(18)35614-X 10.1155/2014/498420 10.2174/1568026614666140523121427 10.1021/acs.jproteome.7b00500 10.1002/anie.200803786 10.1021/acs.analchem.5b01837 10.1007/s00253-011-3777-2 10.3390/ijms17091576 10.1016/0009-2614(95)00741-L 10.1152/physrev.1928.8.2.245 10.1038/jid.2013.37 10.3390/ijms18071561 10.1016/j.pnmrs.2017.06.002 10.1074/jbc.RA118.005791 10.3390/ijms18091901 10.1021/ar500273y 10.1063/1.1534105 10.1007/s12010-018-2925-x 10.1111/1523-1747.ep12480680 10.1039/C5CP06767G 10.1152/physrev.00059.2017 10.1021/ar300348n 10.1111/exd.12618 10.1021/acs.langmuir.8b02444 10.4103/1673-5374.202928 |
| ContentType | Journal Article |
| Copyright | Copyright Royal Society of Chemistry 2020 This journal is © The Royal Society of Chemistry. This journal is © The Royal Society of Chemistry 2020 The Royal Society of Chemistry |
| Copyright_xml | – notice: Copyright Royal Society of Chemistry 2020 – notice: This journal is © The Royal Society of Chemistry. – notice: This journal is © The Royal Society of Chemistry 2020 The Royal Society of Chemistry |
| DBID | AAYXX CITATION 7SR 8BQ 8FD JG9 7X8 5PM |
| DOI | 10.1039/d0sc02262d |
| DatabaseName | CrossRef Engineered Materials Abstracts METADEX Technology Research Database Materials Research Database MEDLINE - Academic PubMed Central (Full Participant titles) |
| DatabaseTitle | CrossRef Materials Research Database Engineered Materials Abstracts Technology Research Database METADEX MEDLINE - Academic |
| DatabaseTitleList | MEDLINE - Academic Materials Research Database CrossRef |
| Database_xml | – sequence: 1 dbid: 7X8 name: MEDLINE - Academic url: https://search.proquest.com/medline sourceTypes: Aggregation Database |
| DeliveryMethod | fulltext_linktorsrc |
| Discipline | Chemistry |
| EISSN | 2041-6539 |
| EndPage | 7841 |
| ExternalDocumentID | PMC8163323 10_1039_D0SC02262D d0sc02262d |
| GrantInformation_xml | – fundername: ; grantid: FA9550-18-1-0142 |
| GroupedDBID | 0-7 0R 705 7~J AAGNR AAIWI AAPBV ABGFH ACGFS ACIWK ADBBV ADMRA AENEX AFVBQ AGSTE AGSWI ALMA_UNASSIGNED_HOLDINGS AOIJS AUDPV AZFZN BCNDV BLAPV BSQNT C6K CKLOX D0L EE0 EF- F5P GROUPED_DOAJ HYE HZ H~N JG O-G O9- OK1 R7C R7D RCNCU ROYLF RPM RRC RSCEA RVUXY SKA SKF SKH SKJ SKM SKR SKZ SLC SLF SLH SMJ 0R~ 53G AAFWJ AAJAE AARTK AAXHV AAYXX ABEMK ABIQK ABPDG ABXOH AEFDR AESAV AFLYV AFPKN AGMRB AGRSR AHGCF AKBGW ANUXI APEMP CITATION H13 HZ~ PGMZT RAOCF RNS 7SR 8BQ 8FD JG9 7X8 5PM |
| ID | FETCH-LOGICAL-c497t-325585e7fc6634d2e4f7fdc665ac5bfaf21ef5b1178f1d867bfb7d8a3835c77e3 |
| IEDL.DBID | RRC |
| ISICitedReferencesCount | 22 |
| ISICitedReferencesURI | http://www.webofscience.com/api/gateway?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=Summon&SrcAuth=ProQuest&DestLinkType=CitingArticles&DestApp=WOS_CPL&KeyUT=000555801800007&url=https%3A%2F%2Fcvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com%2F%23%21%2Fsearch%3Fho%3Df%26include.ft.matches%3Dt%26l%3Dnull%26q%3D |
| ISSN | 2041-6520 |
| IngestDate | Tue Nov 04 01:56:23 EST 2025 Wed Oct 01 14:08:50 EDT 2025 Sun Nov 09 06:23:04 EST 2025 Tue Nov 18 22:51:02 EST 2025 Sat Nov 29 05:54:14 EST 2025 Wed Nov 11 00:27:41 EST 2020 Sat Jan 08 03:53:02 EST 2022 |
| IsDoiOpenAccess | true |
| IsOpenAccess | true |
| IsPeerReviewed | true |
| IsScholarly | true |
| Issue | 3 |
| Language | English |
| LinkModel | DirectLink |
| MergedId | FETCHMERGED-LOGICAL-c497t-325585e7fc6634d2e4f7fdc665ac5bfaf21ef5b1178f1d867bfb7d8a3835c77e3 |
| Notes | 10.1039/d0sc02262d Electronic supplementary information (ESI) available. See DOI ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 14 content type line 23 |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-4472-2254 0000-0001-8207-3569 0000-0001-6205-1119 0000-0001-6500-4107 |
| OpenAccessLink | http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d0sc02262d |
| PMID | 34123072 |
| PQID | 2430355949 |
| PQPubID | 2047492 |
| PageCount | 6 |
| ParticipantIDs | crossref_citationtrail_10_1039_D0SC02262D crossref_primary_10_1039_D0SC02262D rsc_primary_d0sc02262d proquest_journals_2430355949 proquest_miscellaneous_2540720713 pubmedcentral_primary_oai_pubmedcentral_nih_gov_8163323 |
| PublicationCentury | 2000 |
| PublicationDate | 2020-08-14 |
| PublicationDateYYYYMMDD | 2020-08-14 |
| PublicationDate_xml | – month: 08 year: 2020 text: 2020-08-14 day: 14 |
| PublicationDecade | 2020 |
| PublicationPlace | Cambridge |
| PublicationPlace_xml | – name: Cambridge |
| PublicationTitle | Chemical science (Cambridge) |
| PublicationYear | 2020 |
| Publisher | Royal Society of Chemistry The Royal Society of Chemistry |
| Publisher_xml | – name: Royal Society of Chemistry – name: The Royal Society of Chemistry |
| References | Iwasaki (D0SC02262D-(cit7)/*[position()=1]) 2018; 34 Casanola-Martin (D0SC02262D-(cit15)/*[position()=1]) 2014; 14 Gatoo (D0SC02262D-(cit24)/*[position()=1]) 2014; 498420 Slominski (D0SC02262D-(cit4)/*[position()=1]) 2015; 4 Simpson (D0SC02262D-(cit9)/*[position()=1]) 2013; 133 Halaouli (D0SC02262D-(cit20)/*[position()=1]) 2006; 100 Li (D0SC02262D-(cit26)/*[position()=1]) 2015; 87 Ni (D0SC02262D-(cit21)/*[position()=1]) 2013; 46 Mason (D0SC02262D-(cit14)/*[position()=1]) 1948; 172 Eisenman (D0SC02262D-(cit10)/*[position()=1]) 2012; 93 Takegoshi (D0SC02262D-(cit25)/*[position()=1]) 2003; 118 Sugumaran (D0SC02262D-(cit11)/*[position()=1]) 2016; 17 Büngeler (D0SC02262D-(cit3)/*[position()=1]) 2017; 18 Raper (D0SC02262D-(cit13)/*[position()=1]) 1928; 8 Lee (D0SC02262D-(cit27)/*[position()=1]) 1995; 242 Marchetti (D0SC02262D-(cit8)/*[position()=1]) 2016; 18 Meiler (D0SC02262D-(cit19)/*[position()=1]) 2002; 157 d'Ischia (D0SC02262D-(cit23)/*[position()=1]) 2014; 47 Nosanchuk (D0SC02262D-(cit18)/*[position()=1]) 2015; 6 Lilly Thankamony (D0SC02262D-(cit22)/*[position()=1]) 2017; 102–103 Thody (D0SC02262D-(cit5)/*[position()=1]) 1991; 97 D'Alba (D0SC02262D-(cit1)/*[position()=1]) 2019; 99 Haining (D0SC02262D-(cit6)/*[position()=1]) 2017; 12 Chatterjee (D0SC02262D-(cit17)/*[position()=1]) 2018; 293 Solano (D0SC02262D-(cit2)/*[position()=1]) 2017; 18 Hing (D0SC02262D-(cit28)/*[position()=1]) 1992; 96 d'Ischia (D0SC02262D-(cit12)/*[position()=1]) 2009; 48 Jiang (D0SC02262D-(cit16)/*[position()=1]) 2019; 188 Mekala (D0SC02262D-(cit29)/*[position()=1]) 2018; 17 |
| References_xml | – volume: 100 start-page: 219 year: 2006 ident: D0SC02262D-(cit20)/*[position()=1] publication-title: J. Appl. Microbiol. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2672.2006.02866.x – volume: 157 start-page: 242 year: 2002 ident: D0SC02262D-(cit19)/*[position()=1] publication-title: J. Magn. Reson. doi: 10.1006/jmre.2002.2599 – volume: 172 start-page: 83 year: 1948 ident: D0SC02262D-(cit14)/*[position()=1] publication-title: J. Biol. Chem. doi: 10.1016/S0021-9258(18)35614-X – volume: 498420 start-page: 1 year: 2014 ident: D0SC02262D-(cit24)/*[position()=1] publication-title: Biomed Res. Int. doi: 10.1155/2014/498420 – volume: 14 start-page: 1494 year: 2014 ident: D0SC02262D-(cit15)/*[position()=1] publication-title: Curr. Top. Med. Chem. doi: 10.2174/1568026614666140523121427 – volume: 17 start-page: 189 year: 2018 ident: D0SC02262D-(cit29)/*[position()=1] publication-title: J. Proteome Res. doi: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.7b00500 – volume: 48 start-page: 3914 year: 2009 ident: D0SC02262D-(cit12)/*[position()=1] publication-title: Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. doi: 10.1002/anie.200803786 – volume: 6 start-page: 1463 year: 2015 ident: D0SC02262D-(cit18)/*[position()=1] publication-title: Front. Microbiol. – volume: 96 start-page: 205 year: 1992 ident: D0SC02262D-(cit28)/*[position()=1] publication-title: J. Mag. Reson. – volume: 87 start-page: 7958 year: 2015 ident: D0SC02262D-(cit26)/*[position()=1] publication-title: Anal. Chem. doi: 10.1021/acs.analchem.5b01837 – volume: 93 start-page: 931 year: 2012 ident: D0SC02262D-(cit10)/*[position()=1] publication-title: Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol. doi: 10.1007/s00253-011-3777-2 – volume: 17 start-page: E1576 year: 2016 ident: D0SC02262D-(cit11)/*[position()=1] publication-title: Int. J. Mol. Sci. doi: 10.3390/ijms17091576 – volume: 242 start-page: 304 year: 1995 ident: D0SC02262D-(cit27)/*[position()=1] publication-title: Chem. Phys. Lett. doi: 10.1016/0009-2614(95)00741-L – volume: 8 start-page: 245 year: 1928 ident: D0SC02262D-(cit13)/*[position()=1] publication-title: Physiol. Rev. doi: 10.1152/physrev.1928.8.2.245 – volume: 133 start-page: 1822 year: 2013 ident: D0SC02262D-(cit9)/*[position()=1] publication-title: J. Invest. Dermatol. doi: 10.1038/jid.2013.37 – volume: 18 start-page: E1561 year: 2017 ident: D0SC02262D-(cit2)/*[position()=1] publication-title: Int. J. Mol. Sci. doi: 10.3390/ijms18071561 – volume: 102–103 start-page: 120 year: 2017 ident: D0SC02262D-(cit22)/*[position()=1] publication-title: Prog. Nucl. Magn. Reson. Spectrosc. doi: 10.1016/j.pnmrs.2017.06.002 – volume: 293 start-page: 20157 year: 2018 ident: D0SC02262D-(cit17)/*[position()=1] publication-title: J. Biol. Chem. doi: 10.1074/jbc.RA118.005791 – volume: 18 start-page: E1901 year: 2017 ident: D0SC02262D-(cit3)/*[position()=1] publication-title: Int. J. Mol. Sci. doi: 10.3390/ijms18091901 – volume: 47 start-page: 3541 year: 2014 ident: D0SC02262D-(cit23)/*[position()=1] publication-title: Acc. Chem. Res. doi: 10.1021/ar500273y – volume: 118 start-page: 2325 year: 2003 ident: D0SC02262D-(cit25)/*[position()=1] publication-title: J. Chem. Phys. doi: 10.1063/1.1534105 – volume: 188 start-page: 436 year: 2019 ident: D0SC02262D-(cit16)/*[position()=1] publication-title: Appl. Biochem. Biotechnol. doi: 10.1007/s12010-018-2925-x – volume: 97 start-page: 340 year: 1991 ident: D0SC02262D-(cit5)/*[position()=1] publication-title: J. Invest. Dermatol. doi: 10.1111/1523-1747.ep12480680 – volume: 18 start-page: 3644 year: 2016 ident: D0SC02262D-(cit8)/*[position()=1] publication-title: Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. doi: 10.1039/C5CP06767G – volume: 99 start-page: 1 year: 2019 ident: D0SC02262D-(cit1)/*[position()=1] publication-title: Physiol. Rev. doi: 10.1152/physrev.00059.2017 – volume: 46 start-page: 1933 year: 2013 ident: D0SC02262D-(cit21)/*[position()=1] publication-title: Acc. Chem. Res. doi: 10.1021/ar300348n – volume: 4 start-page: 258 year: 2015 ident: D0SC02262D-(cit4)/*[position()=1] publication-title: Exp. Dermatol. doi: 10.1111/exd.12618 – volume: 34 start-page: 11814 year: 2018 ident: D0SC02262D-(cit7)/*[position()=1] publication-title: Langmuir doi: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.8b02444 – volume: 12 start-page: 372 year: 2017 ident: D0SC02262D-(cit6)/*[position()=1] publication-title: Neural Regen. Res. doi: 10.4103/1673-5374.202928 |
| SSID | ssj0000331527 |
| Score | 2.4197562 |
| Snippet | Melanin is a central polymer in living organisms, yet our understanding of its molecular structure remains unresolved. Here, we apply a biosynthetic approach... |
| SourceID | pubmedcentral proquest crossref rsc |
| SourceType | Open Access Repository Aggregation Database Enrichment Source Index Database Publisher |
| StartPage | 7836 |
| SubjectTerms | Chemistry Composite structures Melanin Metabolites Molecular structure NMR Nuclear magnetic resonance Pigments Polymerization Substrates |
| Title | Chemoenzymatic elaboration of the Raper-Mason pathway unravels the structural diversity within eumelanin pigments |
| URI | https://www.proquest.com/docview/2430355949 https://www.proquest.com/docview/2540720713 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/PMC8163323 |
| Volume | 11 |
| WOSCitedRecordID | wos000555801800007&url=https%3A%2F%2Fcvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com%2F%23%21%2Fsearch%3Fho%3Df%26include.ft.matches%3Dt%26l%3Dnull%26q%3D |
| hasFullText | 1 |
| inHoldings | 1 |
| isFullTextHit | |
| isPrint | |
| journalDatabaseRights | – providerCode: PRVAON databaseName: DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals customDbUrl: eissn: 2041-6539 dateEnd: 99991231 omitProxy: false ssIdentifier: ssj0000331527 issn: 2041-6520 databaseCode: DOA dateStart: 20150101 isFulltext: true titleUrlDefault: https://www.doaj.org/ providerName: Directory of Open Access Journals – providerCode: PRVAUL databaseName: Royal Society of Chemistry customDbUrl: eissn: 2041-6539 dateEnd: 99991231 omitProxy: false ssIdentifier: ssj0000331527 issn: 2041-6520 databaseCode: RRC dateStart: 20100101 isFulltext: true titleUrlDefault: https://pubs.rsc.org/ providerName: Royal Society of Chemistry |
| link | http://cvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwjV3LatwwFL0kodBumr5CnSaDSrPpwtSWZEtehklCNw1l2sLsjJ7twOAZxklLsso_9A_7Jb3S2B6mpJCFQUZXWNa1pHsk-RyAE5o7FkhGUmlMINVGzKoN5WklqfAlC5eNYhPi8lJOp9XnHTj5zw4-qz6cZV_GONGU9CwMtKIM-gyTyXhYSMkY66RZacbztCxo1tOQbpXenng20eS_ZyF3V730R5xiLvYfVrln8LQLIcnp2ufPYcc1L-DxuFduewltSC9cc3sT-ViJ23iaLDzBkI9M1NKt_tz9_qQw3iZBlviXuiHXTRAjmrfRZM0sG1g5iO0Pb5CwbDtriMMRba4aTC1n3-NPcq_g28X51_HHtBNXSA2vxFXKEEvIwglvMObgljruhbd4UyhTaK88etEXOs-F9LmVpdBeCysVItrCCOHYAew1i8a9BoKozQltdams4dZoXSLe5syKQnCtpUrgfd_ytemYx4MAxryOO-CsqjfNmMC7wXa55tu41-qod2Dd9bm2xkdmGD1VvErg7ZCNTR-2QFTjFtdoE_gGaUDmCYgtxw9PC3zb2znN7Efk3ZYYuzKKJQ_wExnsbdaaWCubwOH9GfXS-sMHvdgbeEIDoA-cu_wI9tDT7hgemZ9Xs3Y1gl0xlaO4bDCKneAv5jACCg |
| linkProvider | Royal Society of Chemistry |
| openUrl | ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info%3Aofi%2Fenc%3AUTF-8&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsummon.serialssolutions.com&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Chemoenzymatic+elaboration+of+the+Raper%E2%80%93Mason+pathway+unravels+the+structural+diversity+within+eumelanin+pigments&rft.jtitle=Chemical+science+%28Cambridge%29&rft.au=Ni%2C+Qing+Zhe&rft.au=Sierra%2C+Brianna+N.&rft.au=La+Clair%2C+James+J.&rft.au=Burkart%2C+Michael+D.&rft.date=2020-08-14&rft.pub=The+Royal+Society+of+Chemistry&rft.issn=2041-6520&rft.eissn=2041-6539&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=30&rft.spage=7836&rft.epage=7841&rft_id=info:doi/10.1039%2Fd0sc02262d&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F34123072&rft.externalDocID=PMC8163323 |
| thumbnail_l | http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/lc.gif&issn=2041-6520&client=summon |
| thumbnail_m | http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/mc.gif&issn=2041-6520&client=summon |
| thumbnail_s | http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/sc.gif&issn=2041-6520&client=summon |