Soft Robots Manufacturing: A Review

The growing interest in soft robots comes from the new possibilities offered by these systems to cope with problems that cannot be addressed by robots built from rigid bodies. Many innovative solutions have been developed in recent years to design soft components and systems. They all demonstrate ho...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Published in:Frontiers in robotics and AI Vol. 5; p. 84
Main Authors: Schmitt, François, Piccin, Olivier, Barbé, Laurent, Bayle, Bernard
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: Switzerland Frontiers Media S.A 2018
Subjects:
Automatic
design
Engineering Sciences
manufacturing process
prototyping
Robotics and AI
soft components
soft robotics
manufacturing process
soft robotics
prototyping
soft components
design
ISSN:2296-9144, 2296-9144
Online Access:Get full text
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
Abstract The growing interest in soft robots comes from the new possibilities offered by these systems to cope with problems that cannot be addressed by robots built from rigid bodies. Many innovative solutions have been developed in recent years to design soft components and systems. They all demonstrate how soft robotics development is closely dependent on advanced manufacturing processes. This review aims at giving an insight on the current state of the art in soft robotics manufacturing. It first puts in light the elementary components that can be used to develop soft actuators, whether they use fluids, shape memory alloys, electro-active polymers or stimuli-responsive materials. Other types of elementary components, such as soft smart structures or soft-rigid hybrid systems, are then presented. The second part of this review deals with the manufacturing methods used to build complete soft structures. It includes molding, with possibly reinforcements and inclusions, additive manufacturing, thin-film manufacturing, shape deposition manufacturing, and bonding. The paper conclusions sums up the pros and cons of the presented techniques, and open to developing topics such as design methods for soft robotics and sensing technologies.
AbstractList The growing interest in soft robots comes from the new possibilities offered by these systems to cope with problems that cannot be addressed by robots built from rigid bodies. Many innovative solutions have been developed in recent years to design soft components and systems. They all demonstrate how soft robotics development is closely dependent on advanced manufacturing processes. This review aims at giving an insight on the current state of the art in soft robotics manufacturing. It first puts in light the elementary components that can be used to develop soft actuators, whether they use fluids, shape memory alloys, electro-active polymers or stimuli-responsive materials. Other types of elementary components, such as soft smart structures or soft-rigid hybrid systems, are then presented. The second part of this review deals with the manufacturing methods used to build complete soft structures. It includes molding, with possibly reinforcements and inclusions, additive manufacturing, thin-film manufacturing, shape deposition manufacturing, and bonding. The paper conclusions sums up the pros and cons of the presented techniques, and open to developing topics such as design methods for soft robotics and sensing technologies.
The growing interest in soft robots comes from the new possibilities offered by these systems to cope with problems that cannot be addressed by robots built from rigid bodies. Many innovative solutions have been developed in recent years to design soft components and systems. They all demonstrate how soft robotics development is closely dependent on advanced manufacturing processes. This review aims at giving an insight on the current state of the art in soft robotics manufacturing. It first puts in light the elementary components that can be used to develop soft actuators, whether they use fluids, shape memory alloys, electro-active polymers or stimuli-responsive materials. Other types of elementary components, such as soft smart structures or soft-rigid hybrid systems, are then presented. The second part of this review deals with the manufacturing methods used to build complete soft structures. It includes molding, with possibly reinforcements and inclusions, additive manufacturing, thin-film manufacturing, shape deposition manufacturing, and bonding. The paper conclusions sums up the pros and cons of the presented techniques, and open to developing topics such as design methods for soft robotics and sensing technologies.The growing interest in soft robots comes from the new possibilities offered by these systems to cope with problems that cannot be addressed by robots built from rigid bodies. Many innovative solutions have been developed in recent years to design soft components and systems. They all demonstrate how soft robotics development is closely dependent on advanced manufacturing processes. This review aims at giving an insight on the current state of the art in soft robotics manufacturing. It first puts in light the elementary components that can be used to develop soft actuators, whether they use fluids, shape memory alloys, electro-active polymers or stimuli-responsive materials. Other types of elementary components, such as soft smart structures or soft-rigid hybrid systems, are then presented. The second part of this review deals with the manufacturing methods used to build complete soft structures. It includes molding, with possibly reinforcements and inclusions, additive manufacturing, thin-film manufacturing, shape deposition manufacturing, and bonding. The paper conclusions sums up the pros and cons of the presented techniques, and open to developing topics such as design methods for soft robotics and sensing technologies.
Author Piccin, Olivier
Barbé, Laurent
Bayle, Bernard
Schmitt, François
AuthorAffiliation ICube laboratory, University of Strasbourg/INSA Strasbourg/CNRS , Strasbourg , France
AuthorAffiliation_xml – name: ICube laboratory, University of Strasbourg/INSA Strasbourg/CNRS , Strasbourg , France
Author_xml – sequence: 1
  givenname: François
  surname: Schmitt
  fullname: Schmitt, François
– sequence: 2
  givenname: Olivier
  surname: Piccin
  fullname: Piccin, Olivier
– sequence: 3
  givenname: Laurent
  surname: Barbé
  fullname: Barbé, Laurent
– sequence: 4
  givenname: Bernard
  surname: Bayle
  fullname: Bayle, Bernard
BackLink https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33500963$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed
https://hal.science/hal-03008794$$DView record in HAL
BookMark eNp1kUtrGzEUhUVJaR7NvqtiyKZZ2NVrNFIWARPyApdC2q6FRnPlKIxHiaRx6b-vxk5CEshK4t5zvnuls492-tADQl8InjEm1XcXQ5NnFBM5wxhL_gHtUarEVBHOd17cd9FhSndFQirJWV1_QruMVRgrwfbQ0a_g8uQmNCGnyQ_TD87YPETfL08m88kNrD38_Yw-OtMlOHw8D9Cfi_PfZ1fTxc_L67P5Ymq5EnnqXFtTzjA1tWiwtHUFwhpcVmCl0QrbUEcaxlQpWUcrQ1sQDYC1YE3FLTtA11tuG8ydvo9-ZeI_HYzXm0KIS21i9rYDTW0jnagVcQ64o0oCLm8irFKOGUFIYZ1uWfdDs4LWQp-j6V5BX3d6f6uXYa1riSvJeAEcbwG3b2xX84Uea5iVT68VX4_Dvj0Oi-FhgJT1yicLXWd6CEPSlEsiGMN8xH59udcz-SmRIsBbgY0hpQjuWUKwHnPXm9z1mLve5F4s4o3F-myyD-PLfPe-8T_0ObD1
CitedBy_id crossref_primary_10_1038_s41598_020_80375_1
crossref_primary_10_1038_s41598_022_25713_1
crossref_primary_10_1088_1748_3190_ac095a
crossref_primary_10_1162_artl_a_00330
crossref_primary_10_1002_adma_202002640
crossref_primary_10_1038_s42256_021_00439_3
crossref_primary_10_1007_s00170_022_10556_x
crossref_primary_10_1109_TRO_2021_3106830
crossref_primary_10_3390_act13030084
crossref_primary_10_1007_s00170_024_13725_2
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_ijmecsci_2025_110582
crossref_primary_10_1177_1729881419866580
crossref_primary_10_1002_adem_202200485
crossref_primary_10_1007_s00170_024_14216_0
crossref_primary_10_1002_admt_202100605
crossref_primary_10_1088_1361_665X_abea01
crossref_primary_10_1089_soro_2022_0003
crossref_primary_10_3390_act12020062
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_matt_2021_05_009
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_sna_2022_113779
crossref_primary_10_1063_5_0036991
crossref_primary_10_1002_aisy_202100011
crossref_primary_10_1108_SR_04_2022_0180
crossref_primary_10_1089_soro_2024_0098
crossref_primary_10_3389_frobt_2021_663158
crossref_primary_10_1007_s12541_024_01205_2
crossref_primary_10_1007_s10956_022_09996_7
crossref_primary_10_3390_act11090245
crossref_primary_10_1021_acs_chemrev_4c00906
crossref_primary_10_3389_frobt_2019_00040
crossref_primary_10_1002_adma_202110384
crossref_primary_10_1109_ACCESS_2023_3289156
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_ijmecsci_2025_110610
crossref_primary_10_1039_D5CC00303B
crossref_primary_10_1002_admt_202101521
crossref_primary_10_3390_robotics12060164
crossref_primary_10_3390_ma15041358
crossref_primary_10_3390_s22134860
crossref_primary_10_1007_s42235_022_00301_1
crossref_primary_10_1088_1757_899X_1292_1_012005
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_eml_2022_101635
crossref_primary_10_1108_RPJ_03_2021_0052
crossref_primary_10_3390_act10080177
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_nanoen_2020_105438
crossref_primary_10_1017_wtc_2020_4
crossref_primary_10_1063_5_0183288
crossref_primary_10_1109_LRA_2023_3346272
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_sna_2021_113199
crossref_primary_10_1080_00038628_2020_1742644
crossref_primary_10_1109_ACCESS_2023_3323583
crossref_primary_10_1155_2020_2724783
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_robot_2024_104835
crossref_primary_10_1109_TASE_2025_3553082
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_rineng_2024_103456
crossref_primary_10_1007_s00158_024_03881_0
crossref_primary_10_1109_TBME_2024_3432319
crossref_primary_10_20517_ss_2023_51
crossref_primary_10_1089_soro_2020_0011
crossref_primary_10_1021_acs_chemrev_4c00972
crossref_primary_10_1007_s13206_023_00134_y
crossref_primary_10_3390_pharmaceutics13070943
crossref_primary_10_1007_s10015_024_00948_5
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_mattod_2024_06_015
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_apm_2021_07_006
crossref_primary_10_1007_s00170_024_13398_x
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_ijmecsci_2023_108437
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_ijsolstr_2022_111482
crossref_primary_10_1145_3618382
crossref_primary_10_1007_s40435_025_01615_8
crossref_primary_10_1088_1361_665X_ad3bf8
crossref_primary_10_1002_adem_202301074
crossref_primary_10_3390_technologies9040082
crossref_primary_10_3390_act11030092
crossref_primary_10_1038_s41598_020_75346_5
crossref_primary_10_3390_ma17174255
crossref_primary_10_1002_slct_202304946
crossref_primary_10_1063_5_0083441
crossref_primary_10_1038_s41598_021_99500_9
crossref_primary_10_1002_pen_26950
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_eurpolymj_2023_112718
crossref_primary_10_1089_soro_2023_0144
crossref_primary_10_1109_LRA_2019_2893416
crossref_primary_10_1002_adfm_202306079
crossref_primary_10_1088_1748_3190_aba444
crossref_primary_10_1089_soro_2022_0061
crossref_primary_10_3389_frobt_2020_00119
crossref_primary_10_1002_aisy_201900166
crossref_primary_10_1109_ACCESS_2020_3046163
crossref_primary_10_1109_ACCESS_2022_3179589
crossref_primary_10_3390_su16198504
crossref_primary_10_1002_aisy_202100086
crossref_primary_10_1002_adma_202109617
crossref_primary_10_1039_D1RA09394K
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_bios_2021_113690
crossref_primary_10_3390_biomimetics8020192
crossref_primary_10_3390_robotics11030055
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_ifacol_2021_11_166
crossref_primary_10_1002_aisy_202400637
crossref_primary_10_1109_ACCESS_2022_3194887
crossref_primary_10_1109_LRA_2023_3304543
crossref_primary_10_1002_adma_202409789
crossref_primary_10_1007_s10846_025_02261_0
crossref_primary_10_3389_frobt_2020_00124
crossref_primary_10_3390_mi14020244
crossref_primary_10_1089_soro_2023_0177
crossref_primary_10_3389_frobt_2021_749051
crossref_primary_10_1002_adma_202200671
crossref_primary_10_1109_TMECH_2022_3223699
crossref_primary_10_3390_robotics9030052
crossref_primary_10_1088_1361_665X_ab859d
crossref_primary_10_1088_1361_665X_ac383a
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_cej_2025_162406
crossref_primary_10_1088_1361_6463_adade5
crossref_primary_10_1002_aisy_202000044
crossref_primary_10_1002_aisy_202300063
crossref_primary_10_1109_LRA_2020_2967323
crossref_primary_10_3390_s22145447
crossref_primary_10_3389_frobt_2020_557624
crossref_primary_10_1002_adfm_202404317
crossref_primary_10_1002_rob_22167
crossref_primary_10_3390_mi14020359
crossref_primary_10_1017_S0263574721001235
crossref_primary_10_1186_s40486_023_00167_w
crossref_primary_10_1089_soro_2019_0152
crossref_primary_10_20965_jrm_2021_p0968
crossref_primary_10_1109_LRA_2022_3189169
crossref_primary_10_3389_frobt_2019_00004
crossref_primary_10_1002_ejic_201901118
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_procir_2023_09_199
crossref_primary_10_1002_aisy_202200239
crossref_primary_10_3390_electronics14163316
crossref_primary_10_1002_adom_202402892
crossref_primary_10_1002_advs_202400806
crossref_primary_10_3390_polym13091498
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_sna_2025_116559
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_ijmecsci_2021_106287
crossref_primary_10_1088_1742_6596_1583_1_012004
crossref_primary_10_1007_s12008_024_01911_1
crossref_primary_10_1038_s41598_023_36465_x
crossref_primary_10_3390_mca28020053
crossref_primary_10_1051_e3sconf_202123304023
crossref_primary_10_3389_frobt_2022_991748
crossref_primary_10_1038_s41598_024_77100_7
crossref_primary_10_3389_frobt_2021_724056
crossref_primary_10_1002_app_56453
crossref_primary_10_3390_ma13071597
crossref_primary_10_1007_s42235_022_00321_x
crossref_primary_10_1002_aisy_202200122
crossref_primary_10_3390_app9224727
crossref_primary_10_1088_1361_665X_ad212c
crossref_primary_10_3390_mi14081622
crossref_primary_10_1002_aisy_202000187
crossref_primary_10_3390_act12070266
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jmsy_2024_10_015
crossref_primary_10_1109_TMECH_2022_3155790
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_snb_2024_136231
crossref_primary_10_1089_soro_2024_0154
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_sna_2023_114555
crossref_primary_10_1080_17452759_2024_2369720
crossref_primary_10_1126_sciadv_adr9300
crossref_primary_10_1109_LRA_2024_3405378
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_matdes_2021_109681
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_sna_2020_112272
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_nanoen_2020_105171
crossref_primary_10_3390_agriculture14081276
crossref_primary_10_1089_soro_2023_0102
crossref_primary_10_1109_TE_2023_3327315
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_apmt_2022_101423
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_mechmachtheory_2022_104871
crossref_primary_10_1080_01691864_2022_2086018
crossref_primary_10_1093_nsr_nwae333
crossref_primary_10_3390_polym15092189
crossref_primary_10_1002_aisy_202100163
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_euromechsol_2020_104131
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_apmt_2022_101662
crossref_primary_10_3389_frobt_2022_818187
crossref_primary_10_1109_LRA_2020_3020546
crossref_primary_10_1177_09544062241233924
crossref_primary_10_3390_mi14071431
crossref_primary_10_1002_SMMD_20220006
crossref_primary_10_3390_bioengineering12030276
crossref_primary_10_3390_mi13010028
Cites_doi 10.1109/TRO.2016.2636899
10.1109/IROS.2012.6385574
10.1088/1748-3182/8/2/026003
10.1109/ICSENS.2016.7808424
10.1109/IECON.2006.347883
10.1081/SME-120020289
10.1002/adma.201203002
10.1089/soro.2016.0026
10.1109/ICAR.2013.6766586
10.1039/C1SM06564E
10.1109/ROBIO.2015.7419095
10.1089/soro.2014.0001
10.1115/1.4029324
10.1109/TRO.2011.2172702
10.1109/IROS.2013.6697069
10.1002/adfm.201102978
10.1038/srep34224
10.1109/IROS.2015.7353603
10.1016/S0894-9166(11)60004-9
10.1115/1.4023754
10.1016/j.sna.2016.11.031
10.1007/s11012-015-0261-6
10.1080/01691864.2017.1345323
10.1109/MRA.2016.2639067
10.1073/pnas.1116564108
10.1002/ange.201209540
10.3389/fbioe.2014.00003
10.1115/1.4029705
10.1109/JSEN.2012.2200790
10.1109/IROS.2012.6385966
10.1177/0278364915592961
10.1038/s41598-017-03412-6
10.1109/TMECH.2006.871090
10.1109/ICORR.2015.7281209
10.1016/S0007-8506(07)61136-6
10.1109/TRO.2013.2256312
10.1126/science.aab0129
10.1115/1.4023157
10.1109/ICRA.2013.6631138
10.1109/ICRA.2014.6907161
10.1038/nmat4544
10.1109/AHS.2017.8046373
10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2011.09.002
10.1115/1.4025025
10.1016/j.solmat.2008.09.003
10.1177/1045389X14544144
10.1002/adma.201304018
10.1089/soro.2013.0010
10.1088/1748-3190/10/4/046007
10.1109/IROS.2015.7353510
10.1115/1.4003922
10.1109/ACCESS.2014.2311810
10.1016/j.tibtech.2013.03.002
10.1109/IRDS.2002.1044053
10.1109/BioRob.2012.6290290
10.1073/pnas.1504947112
10.1007/s12541-009-0064-6
10.1109/IROS.2015.7353507
10.1115/1.2885509
10.1089/soro.2016.0030
10.1088/1748-3182/7/2/025005
10.1109/IROS.2013.6696549
10.1007/s10514-005-0726-x
10.1088/1748-3190/11/5/056012
10.1039/C4RA01497A
10.1109/IROS.2011.6095064
10.1089/soro.2016.0029
10.1109/ROBIO.2016.7866293
10.1089/soro.2016.0023
10.1109/MRA.2008.927979
10.1038/srep09503
10.1002/admt.201600055
10.1109/TMECH.2016.2638468
10.1088/0964-1726/22/8/085005
10.1126/scirobotics.aah3690
10.1109/ICRA.2016.7487240
10.1002/adfm.200600434
10.1016/S1359-835X(03)00060-5
10.1002/ad.1710
10.1089/soro.2015.0009
10.1016/j.eml.2015.02.006
10.1177/0278364915622569
10.1002/anie.201006464
10.1109/LRA.2017.2726113
10.1088/1748-3190/10/3/035003
10.1038/srep20869
10.1109/TMECH.2005.856108
10.1109/ICRA.2015.7139633
10.1155/2008/520417
10.3390/ma6010116
10.1109/TRO.2015.2507160
10.1016/j.robot.2013.06.009
10.1109/ROBOT.2000.845299
10.1109/ICRA.2017.7989653
10.1126/science.1246906
10.1088/0964-1726/23/9/094006
10.1016/j.robot.2014.08.014
10.1126/science.aac5082
10.1039/C6CC01442A
10.1109/LRA.2017.2669367
10.1109/ICRA.2013.6630851
10.1002/smll.200800315
10.1016/j.mattod.2014.07.002
10.1109/ROBIO.2009.4913047
10.1080/19475411.2018.1438534
10.1109/ICRA.2011.5980139
10.1002/adfm.201202519
10.1088/0960-1317/23/4/045012
10.1016/0045-7825(88)90086-2
10.1002/adma.201600660
10.1115/1.4000523
10.1098/rsif.2014.0827
10.1007/978-3-319-05582-4_42
10.1109/AIM.2017.8014057
10.1163/156855312X626343
10.1002/pen.10373
10.1021/ie501991d
10.1002/adfm.201403942
10.1007/s00170-017-0972-z
10.1016/S0007-8506(07)63240-5
10.1109/70.481753
10.1038/s41467-017-00685-3
10.1109/FPM.2015.7337156
10.1109/TRO.2015.2428504
10.1109/TRO.2012.2197313
10.1109/IROS.2016.7759082
10.1109/HUMANOIDS.2015.7363495
10.1109/IROS.2013.6696995
10.1089/soro.2013.0001
10.1109/LRA.2017.2724140
10.1073/pnas.1003250107
10.1109/IROS.2015.7353689
10.1109/ICRA.2014.6907793
10.1016/j.sna.2004.12.011
10.1007/978-3-642-28572-1_16
10.1089/soro.2014.0008
10.1038/s41598-017-14220-3
10.1115/1.4030875
10.1089/soro.2016.0015
10.1002/adfm.201303288
10.1089/soro.2015.0019
10.1089/soro.2016.0004
10.1002/admt.201700135
10.1088/0964-1726/16/2/S16
10.1109/IROS.2013.6696468
10.1126/science.aaa2397
10.1126/science.288.5475.2335
10.1109/TMECH.2012.2210239
10.1115/1.4033728
10.1109/ICRA.2016.7487701
10.1002/admt.201700136
10.1038/nature14543
10.1073/pnas.1713450114
ContentType Journal Article
Copyright Copyright © 2018 Schmitt, Piccin, Barbé and Bayle.
Distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License
Copyright © 2018 Schmitt, Piccin, Barbé and Bayle. 2018 Schmitt, Piccin, Barbé and Bayle
Copyright_xml – notice: Copyright © 2018 Schmitt, Piccin, Barbé and Bayle.
– notice: Distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License
– notice: Copyright © 2018 Schmitt, Piccin, Barbé and Bayle. 2018 Schmitt, Piccin, Barbé and Bayle
DBID AAYXX
CITATION
NPM
7X8
1XC
VOOES
5PM
DOA
DOI 10.3389/frobt.2018.00084
DatabaseName CrossRef
PubMed
MEDLINE - Academic
Hyper Article en Ligne (HAL)
Hyper Article en Ligne (HAL) (Open Access)
PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)
DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals
DatabaseTitle CrossRef
PubMed
MEDLINE - Academic
DatabaseTitleList PubMed


MEDLINE - Academic
Database_xml – sequence: 1
  dbid: DOA
  name: DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals
  url: https://www.doaj.org/
  sourceTypes: Open Website
– sequence: 2
  dbid: NPM
  name: PubMed
  url: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed
  sourceTypes: Index Database
– sequence: 3
  dbid: 7X8
  name: MEDLINE - Academic
  url: https://search.proquest.com/medline
  sourceTypes: Aggregation Database
DeliveryMethod fulltext_linktorsrc
Discipline Engineering
EISSN 2296-9144
ExternalDocumentID oai_doaj_org_article_2cb8f6791ffe4f298e03351359f3a611
PMC7805834
oai:HAL:hal-03008794v1
33500963
10_3389_frobt_2018_00084
Genre Journal Article
Review
GroupedDBID 53G
5VS
9T4
AAFWJ
AAYXX
ACGFS
ADBBV
AFPKN
ALMA_UNASSIGNED_HOLDINGS
BCNDV
CITATION
GROUPED_DOAJ
KQ8
M~E
OK1
PGMZT
RPM
ACXDI
IAO
ICD
IEA
IPNFZ
ISR
NPM
RIG
7X8
1XC
VOOES
5PM
ID FETCH-LOGICAL-c496t-ffd724302a76b08c75e6ca09143d72d6cb2f1b339091cf25a2de6beecceca54c3
IEDL.DBID DOA
ISICitedReferencesCount 257
ISICitedReferencesURI http://www.webofscience.com/api/gateway?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=Summon&SrcAuth=ProQuest&DestLinkType=CitingArticles&DestApp=WOS_CPL&KeyUT=000440376200001&url=https%3A%2F%2Fcvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com%2F%23%21%2Fsearch%3Fho%3Df%26include.ft.matches%3Dt%26l%3Dnull%26q%3D
ISSN 2296-9144
IngestDate Fri Oct 03 12:50:25 EDT 2025
Thu Aug 21 18:29:55 EDT 2025
Tue Oct 14 20:45:07 EDT 2025
Thu Oct 02 04:07:24 EDT 2025
Thu Jan 02 22:59:04 EST 2025
Sat Nov 29 05:50:00 EST 2025
Tue Nov 18 22:14:05 EST 2025
IsDoiOpenAccess true
IsOpenAccess true
IsPeerReviewed true
IsScholarly true
Keywords manufacturing process
soft robotics
prototyping
soft components
design
Language English
License Copyright © 2018 Schmitt, Piccin, Barbé and Bayle.
Distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
LinkModel DirectLink
MergedId FETCHMERGED-LOGICAL-c496t-ffd724302a76b08c75e6ca09143d72d6cb2f1b339091cf25a2de6beecceca54c3
Notes ObjectType-Article-1
SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1
ObjectType-Feature-2
ObjectType-Review-3
content type line 23
Edited by: Matteo Cianchetti, Scuola Sant'Anna di Studi Avanzati, Italy
This article was submitted to Soft Robotics, a section of the journal Frontiers in Robotics and AI
Reviewed by: Andrew T. Conn, University of Bristol, United Kingdom; Ali Sadeghi, Fondazione Istituto Italiano di Technologia, Italy
ORCID 0000-0003-4728-8593
0000-0002-0226-8903
0000-0002-5339-0095
OpenAccessLink https://doaj.org/article/2cb8f6791ffe4f298e03351359f3a611
PMID 33500963
PQID 2481633044
PQPubID 23479
ParticipantIDs doaj_primary_oai_doaj_org_article_2cb8f6791ffe4f298e03351359f3a611
pubmedcentral_primary_oai_pubmedcentral_nih_gov_7805834
hal_primary_oai_HAL_hal_03008794v1
proquest_miscellaneous_2481633044
pubmed_primary_33500963
crossref_primary_10_3389_frobt_2018_00084
crossref_citationtrail_10_3389_frobt_2018_00084
PublicationCentury 2000
PublicationDate 2018-00-00
PublicationDateYYYYMMDD 2018-01-01
PublicationDate_xml – year: 2018
  text: 2018-00-00
PublicationDecade 2010
PublicationPlace Switzerland
PublicationPlace_xml – name: Switzerland
PublicationTitle Frontiers in robotics and AI
PublicationTitleAlternate Front Robot AI
PublicationYear 2018
Publisher Frontiers Media S.A
Publisher_xml – name: Frontiers Media S.A
References Brown (B14) 2010; 107
Mazzolai (B93) 2012; 7
White (B157) 2017; 253
Nishioka (B105) 2017; 31
Iqbal (B58) 2013; 6
Mutlu (B101) 2016; 3
Yin (B163) 2003; 31
Kwon (B71) 2008; 4
Mazzeo (B92) 2013; 1
Overvelde (B111) 2015; 112
Choi (B22) 2005; 10
Coevoet (B26) 2017; 2
Wang (B152) 2014; 11
Howell (B55) 2001
Manti (B85) 2015; 2
Tsagarakis (B146) 2000
Correll (B27) 2014
(B38) 2016
Laschi (B75) 2016; 1
Cho (B21) 2009; 10
Mu (B100) 2015; 5
Marchese (B87) 2014
Onal (B110) 2013; 18
Kruth (B68) 1991; 40
Agarwal (B2) 2017; 7
Sun (B136) 2005; 121
Duriez (B34) 2013
Robertson (B121) 2016; 4
Hopkins (B54) 2015; 7
Paez (B112) 2016; 3
Sen (B127) 2013; 135
Vanderborght (B149) 2013; 61
Hiller (B49) 2012; 28
Martinez (B90) 2013; 25
Mosadegh (B99) 2014; 24
Breuer (B12) 2017; 1
Deimel (B29) 2013
Kovacs (B65) 2007; 16
Bartlett (B8) 2015; 349
Voisembert (B151) 2013; 5
Jacobsen (B59) 2009; 2
Kruth (B69) 1998; 47
Song (B133) 2013
Kim (B62) 2015
Ilievski (B56) 2011; 50
Best (B10) 2015
Wang (B155) 2017
Stilli (B135) 2017; 4
Wang (B154) 2016; 6
Ionov (B57) 2014; 17
Anver (B4) 2017
Atalay (B7) 2017; 2
Hall (B48) 2004; 38
Martinez (B91) 2012; 22
Mark (B89) 2016
(B134) 2014
Larson (B72) 2016; 351
Russo (B124) 2017; 2
Krishnan (B67) 2015; 7
Giorgio-Serchi (B42) 2016; 35
Firouzeh (B37) 2013
Delimont (B31) 2015; 137
Sareen (B125) 2017
Tumbleston (B148) 2015; 347
Suo (B138) 2010; 23
Araromi (B5) 2016
Trivedi (B145) 2008; 5
Galloway (B39) 2016; 3
Roche (B122) 2014; 26
Wood (B158) 2008; 130
Zhao (B165) 2015; 3
Niiyama (B104) 2014
Bishop-Moser (B11) 2012
Shan (B128) 2013; 22
Bruyas (B16) 2015
Hiller (B50) 2014; 1
Terryn (B140) 2018; 3
Ranzani (B119) 2016; 32
Jager (B60) 2000; 288
Firouzeh (B36) 2015
Tolley (B144); 1
Liu (B80) 2012; 8
Calderón (B17) 2016
Laschi (B74) 2012; 26
Miriyev (B98) 2017; 8
Bendsøe (B9) 1988; 71
Memarian (B96)
Argiolas (B6) 2016; 3
Goh (B44) 2017; 94
Wang (B153) 2013; 29
Carrico (B19); 8
Nakai (B102) 2002; 2
Albu-Schaffer (B3) 2008; 15
Farrow (B35) 2015
Maffli (B83) 2015; 25
Holland (B52) 2017; 24
Lewis (B77) 2006; 16
Yap (B162) 2016; 3
Deimel (B30) 2016; 35
Krebs (B66) 2009; 93
Liu (B114) 2017; 7
Yang (B161); 8
Gorissen (B46) 2013; 23
Park (B113) 2012; 12
Tibbits (B142) 2014; 84
Lawrence (B76) 2016
Hines (B51) 2012; 28
Polygerinos (B117); 31
Holst (B53) 2011; 133
Bruder (B15) 2017
Brouwer (B13) 2003; 34
Wu (B159) 2016; 52
Terryn (B141) 2015; 10
Carrico (B18)
Rus (B123) 2015; 521
Meisel (B94) 2013
Tolley (B143); 23
Gladman (B43) 2016; 15
Laschi (B73) 2014; 2
Marchese (B86) 2015
Li (B78); 114
Onal (B109) 2011
Li (B79); 33
Kruth (B70) 2005
Macdonald (B82) 2014; 2
Cianchetti (B25) 2014; 1
Loepfe (B81) 2014; 53
Onal (B107) 2012
Onal (B108) 2013; 8
Jin (B61) 2016; 11
Schumacher (B126) 2014; 4
Galloway (B40) 2013
Gillespie (B41) 2016
Agarwal (B1) 2016; 6
Sun (B137) 2013
Majidi (B84) 2014; 1
Zhao (B164) 2012; 212
Ogura (B106) 2009
Daerden (B28) 1999
Tao (B139) 2015
Digumarti (B32) 2017; 2
Meisel (B95) 2015; 26
Yang (B160); 1
Rateni (B120) 2015; 50
Chou (B23) 1996; 12
Wang (B156) 2017; 22
Haines (B47) 2014; 343
Memarian (B97)
Qi (B118) 2015
Tsujiuchi (B147) 2006
Kim (B63) 2013; 31
Cianchetti (B24) 2015; 10
Dollar (B33) 2006; 11
Polygerinos (B115) 2013
Shintake (B132) 2015
Shepherd (B130) 2011; 108
Sharma (B129) 2012; 23
Marchese (B88) 2011
Chen (B20) 2014
Kim (B64) 2012
Gong (B45) 2016; 28
Polygerinos (B116); 73
Shepherd (B131) 2013; 125
Verrelst (B150) 2005; 18
Ni (B103) 2015
References_xml – volume: 33
  start-page: 446
  ident: B79
  article-title: Passive particle jamming and its stiffening of soft robotic grippers
  publication-title: IEEE Trans. Robot.
  doi: 10.1109/TRO.2016.2636899
– start-page: 4251
  volume-title: 2012 IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems (IROS)
  year: 2012
  ident: B64
  article-title: Design of a tubular snake-like manipulator with stiffening capability by layer jamming
  doi: 10.1109/IROS.2012.6385574
– volume: 8
  start-page: 026003
  year: 2013
  ident: B108
  article-title: Autonomous undulatory serpentine locomotion utilizing body dynamics of a fluidic soft robot
  publication-title: Bioinspir. Biomimet.
  doi: 10.1088/1748-3182/8/2/026003
– volume-title: Design, Fabrication, and Control of Soft Robots with Fluidic Elastomer Actuators
  year: 2015
  ident: B86
– start-page: 1
  volume-title: 2016 IEEE SENSORS
  year: 2016
  ident: B5
  article-title: Fabrication of stretchable composites with anisotropic electrical conductivity for compliant pressure transducers
  doi: 10.1109/ICSENS.2016.7808424
– start-page: 3040
  volume-title: IECON 2006 - 32nd Annual Conference on IEEE Industrial Electronics
  year: 2006
  ident: B147
  article-title: Development of a low pressure driven pneumatic actuator and its application to a robot hand
  doi: 10.1109/IECON.2006.347883
– volume: 31
  start-page: 151
  year: 2003
  ident: B163
  article-title: Design of distributed compliant mechanisms
  publication-title: Mech. Based Design Struct. Mach.
  doi: 10.1081/SME-120020289
– volume: 25
  start-page: 205
  year: 2013
  ident: B90
  article-title: Robotic tentacles with three-dimensional mobility based on flexible elastomers
  publication-title: Adv. Mater.
  doi: 10.1002/adma.201203002
– volume: 3
  start-page: 120
  year: 2016
  ident: B101
  article-title: 3D printed flexure hinges for soft monolithic prosthetic fingers
  publication-title: Soft Robot.
  doi: 10.1089/soro.2016.0026
– start-page: 1
  volume-title: 2013 16th International Conference on Advanced Robotics (ICAR)
  year: 2013
  ident: B40
  article-title: Mechanically programmable bend radius for fiber-reinforced soft actuators
  doi: 10.1109/ICAR.2013.6766586
– volume: 8
  start-page: 1764
  year: 2012
  ident: B80
  article-title: Self-folding of polymer sheets using local light absorption
  publication-title: Soft Matter
  doi: 10.1039/C1SM06564E
– start-page: 2169
  volume-title: 2015 IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Biomimetics (ROBIO)
  year: 2015
  ident: B139
  article-title: Bioinspired design and fabrication principles of reliable fluidic soft actuation modules
  doi: 10.1109/ROBIO.2015.7419095
– volume: 1
  start-page: 122
  year: 2014
  ident: B25
  article-title: !raji!Soft robotics technologies to address shortcomings in today's minimally invasive surgery: the STIFF-FLOP approach
  publication-title: Soft Robot.
  doi: 10.1089/soro.2014.0001
– volume: 7
  start-page: 011002
  year: 2015
  ident: B54
  article-title: Synthesis and analysis of soft parallel robots comprised of active constraints
  publication-title: J. Mech. Robot.
  doi: 10.1115/1.4029324
– volume: 28
  start-page: 457
  year: 2012
  ident: B49
  article-title: Automatic design and manufacture of soft robots
  publication-title: IEEE Trans. Robot.
  doi: 10.1109/TRO.2011.2172702
– start-page: 4937
  volume-title: 2013 IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems
  year: 2013
  ident: B37
  article-title: Sensor and actuator integrated low-profile robotic origami
  doi: 10.1109/IROS.2013.6697069
– volume: 22
  start-page: 1376
  year: 2012
  ident: B91
  article-title: Elastomeric origami: programmable paper-elastomer composites as pneumatic actuators
  publication-title: Adv. Funct. Mater.
  doi: 10.1002/adfm.201102978
– volume: 6
  start-page: 34224
  year: 2016
  ident: B1
  article-title: Stretchable materials for robust soft actuators towards assistive wearable devices
  publication-title: Sci. Rep.
  doi: 10.1038/srep34224
– start-page: 1744
  volume-title: 2015 IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems (IROS)
  year: 2015
  ident: B16
  article-title: Toward unibody robotic structures with integrated functions using multimaterial additive manufacturing: case study of an MRI-compatible interventional device
  doi: 10.1109/IROS.2015.7353603
– volume: 23
  start-page: 549
  year: 2010
  ident: B138
  article-title: Theory of dielectric elastomers
  publication-title: Acta Mech. Solida Sin.
  doi: 10.1016/S0894-9166(11)60004-9
– volume: 1
  start-page: 021001
  year: 2013
  ident: B92
  article-title: Centrifugal casting of microfluidic components with PDMS
  publication-title: J. Micro Nano Manufactur.
  doi: 10.1115/1.4023754
– volume: 253
  start-page: 188
  year: 2017
  ident: B157
  article-title: Multi-mode strain and curvature sensors for soft robotic applications
  publication-title: Sens. Actuat. A Phys.
  doi: 10.1016/j.sna.2016.11.031
– volume: 50
  start-page: 2855
  year: 2015
  ident: B120
  article-title: Design and development of a soft robotic gripper for manipulation in minimally invasive surgery: a proof of concept
  publication-title: Meccanica
  doi: 10.1007/s11012-015-0261-6
– volume: 31
  start-page: 753
  year: 2017
  ident: B105
  article-title: Development of a pneumatic soft actuator with pleated inflatable structures
  publication-title: Adv. Robot.
  doi: 10.1080/01691864.2017.1345323
– volume: 24
  start-page: 57
  year: 2017
  ident: B52
  article-title: The soft robotics toolkit: strategies for overcoming obstacles to the wide dissemination of soft-robotic hardware
  publication-title: IEEE Robot. Automat. Mag.
  doi: 10.1109/MRA.2016.2639067
– volume: 108
  start-page: 20400
  year: 2011
  ident: B130
  article-title: Multigait soft robot
  publication-title: Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.
  doi: 10.1073/pnas.1116564108
– volume: 125
  start-page: 2964
  year: 2013
  ident: B131
  article-title: Using explosions to power a soft robot
  publication-title: Angew. Chem.
  doi: 10.1002/ange.201209540
– volume: 2
  start-page: 035003
  year: 2014
  ident: B73
  article-title: Soft robotics: new perspectives for robot bodyware and control
  publication-title: Front. Bioeng. Biotechnol.
  doi: 10.3389/fbioe.2014.00003
– volume: 7
  start-page: 041014
  year: 2015
  ident: B67
  article-title: Kinematics of a generalized class of pneumatic artificial muscles
  publication-title: J. Mech. Robot.
  doi: 10.1115/1.4029705
– volume: 12
  start-page: 2711
  year: 2012
  ident: B113
  article-title: Design and fabrication of soft artificial skin using embedded microchannels and liquid conductors
  publication-title: IEEE Sens. J.
  doi: 10.1109/JSEN.2012.2200790
– start-page: 4264
  volume-title: 2012 IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems
  year: 2012
  ident: B11
  article-title: Design of soft robotic actuators using fluid-filled fiber-reinforced elastomeric enclosures in parallel combinations
  doi: 10.1109/IROS.2012.6385966
– volume: 35
  start-page: 161
  year: 2016
  ident: B30
  article-title: A novel type of compliant and underactuated robotic hand for dexterous grasping
  publication-title: Int. J. Robot. Res.
  doi: 10.1177/0278364915592961
– start-page: 1691
  volume-title: 2015 IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems (IROS)
  ident: B96
  article-title: Control of soft pneumatic finger-like actuators for affective motion generation
– volume: 7
  start-page: 1
  year: 2017
  ident: B114
  article-title: Programmable deployment of tensegrity structures by stimulus-responsive polymers
  publication-title: Sci. Rep.
  doi: 10.1038/s41598-017-03412-6
– volume: 11
  start-page: 154
  year: 2006
  ident: B33
  article-title: A robust compliant grasper via shape deposition manufacturing
  publication-title: IEEE/ASME Trans. Mechatr.
  doi: 10.1109/TMECH.2006.871090
– start-page: 259
  volume-title: 2015 IEEE International Conference on Rehabilitation Robotics (ICORR)
  year: 2015
  ident: B62
  article-title: Origami structured compliant actuator (OSCA)
  doi: 10.1109/ICORR.2015.7281209
– volume: 40
  start-page: 603
  year: 1991
  ident: B68
  article-title: Material incress manufacturing by rapid prototyping techniques
  publication-title: CIRP Ann.
  doi: 10.1016/S0007-8506(07)61136-6
– volume: 29
  start-page: 863
  year: 2013
  ident: B153
  article-title: Large-payload climbing in complex vertical environments using thermoplastic adhesive bonds
  publication-title: IEEE Trans. Robot.
  doi: 10.1109/TRO.2013.2256312
– volume: 349
  start-page: 161
  year: 2015
  ident: B8
  article-title: A 3D-printed, functionally graded soft robot powered by combustion
  publication-title: Science
  doi: 10.1126/science.aab0129
– volume: 135
  start-page: 031003
  year: 2013
  ident: B127
  article-title: A closed-form nonlinear model for the constraint characteristics of symmetric spatial beams
  publication-title: J. Mech. Design
  doi: 10.1115/1.4023157
– start-page: 3982
  volume-title: 2013 IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation (ICRA)
  year: 2013
  ident: B34
  article-title: Control of elastic soft robots based on real-time finite element method
  doi: 10.1109/ICRA.2013.6631138
– start-page: 2189
  volume-title: Robotics and Automation (ICRA), 2014 IEEE International Conference On
  year: 2014
  ident: B87
  article-title: Design and control of a soft and continuously deformable 2d robotic manipulation system
  doi: 10.1109/ICRA.2014.6907161
– volume: 15
  start-page: 413
  year: 2016
  ident: B43
  article-title: Biomimetic 4D printing
  publication-title: Nat. Mater.
  doi: 10.1038/nmat4544
– start-page: 28
  volume-title: 24th Annual International Solid Freeform Fabrication Symposium an Additive Manufacturing Conference
  year: 2013
  ident: B94
  article-title: Multiple-material topology optimization of compliant mechanisms created via polyjet 3d printing
– start-page: 161
  volume-title: 2017 NASA/ESA Conference on Adaptive Hardware and Systems (AHS)
  year: 2017
  ident: B155
  article-title: 3D-printed semi-soft mechanisms inspired by origami twisted tower
  doi: 10.1109/AHS.2017.8046373
– volume: 212
  start-page: 198
  year: 2012
  ident: B164
  article-title: Vacuum casting replication of micro-riblets on shark skin for drag-reducing applications
  publication-title: J. Mater. Process. Technol.
  doi: 10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2011.09.002
– volume: 5
  start-page: 045001
  year: 2013
  ident: B151
  article-title: Design of a novel long-range inflatable robotic arm: manufacturing and numerical evaluation of the joints and actuation
  publication-title: J. Mech. Robot.
  doi: 10.1115/1.4025025
– volume: 93
  start-page: 484
  year: 2009
  ident: B66
  article-title: Pad printing as a film forming technique for polymer solar cells
  publication-title: Solar Energy Mater. Solar Cells
  doi: 10.1016/j.solmat.2008.09.003
– volume: 26
  start-page: 1498
  year: 2015
  ident: B95
  article-title: A procedure for creating actuated joints via embedding shape memory alloys in PolyJet 3D printing
  publication-title: J. Intell. Mater. Syst. Struct.
  doi: 10.1177/1045389X14544144
– volume: 26
  start-page: 1200
  year: 2014
  ident: B122
  article-title: A bioinspired soft actuated material
  publication-title: Adv. Mater.
  doi: 10.1002/adma.201304018
– volume: 1
  start-page: 88
  year: 2014
  ident: B50
  article-title: Dynamic simulation of soft multimaterial 3D-printed objects
  publication-title: Soft Robot.
  doi: 10.1089/soro.2013.0010
– volume: 10
  start-page: 046007
  year: 2015
  ident: B141
  article-title: Development of a self-healing soft pneumatic actuator: a first concept
  publication-title: Bioinspir. Biomimet.
  doi: 10.1088/1748-3190/10/4/046007
– start-page: 1117
  volume-title: 2015 IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems (IROS)
  year: 2015
  ident: B36
  article-title: Soft pneumatic actuator with adjustable stiffness layers for Multi-DoF Actuation
  doi: 10.1109/IROS.2015.7353510
– volume: 133
  start-page: 051002
  year: 2011
  ident: B53
  article-title: Modeling and experiments of buckling modes and deflection of fixed-guided beams in compliant mechanisms
  publication-title: J. Mech. Design
  doi: 10.1115/1.4003922
– volume: 2
  start-page: 234
  year: 2014
  ident: B82
  article-title: 3D printing for the rapid prototyping of structural electronics
  publication-title: IEEE Access
  doi: 10.1109/ACCESS.2014.2311810
– volume: 31
  start-page: 287
  year: 2013
  ident: B63
  article-title: Soft robotics: a bioinspired evolution in robotics
  publication-title: Trends Biotechnol.
  doi: 10.1016/j.tibtech.2013.03.002
– volume: 2
  start-page: 2025
  year: 2002
  ident: B102
  article-title: Metamorphic robot made of low melting point alloy
  publication-title: IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems
  doi: 10.1109/IRDS.2002.1044053
– start-page: 1038
  volume-title: 2012 4th IEEE RAS EMBS International Conference on Biomedical Robotics and Biomechatronics (BioRob)
  year: 2012
  ident: B107
  article-title: A modular approach to soft robots
  doi: 10.1109/BioRob.2012.6290290
– volume: 112
  start-page: 10863
  year: 2015
  ident: B111
  article-title: Amplifying the response of soft actuators by harnessing snap-through instabilities
  publication-title: Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.
  doi: 10.1073/pnas.1504947112
– volume: 10
  start-page: 171
  year: 2009
  ident: B21
  article-title: Review of manufacturing processes for soft biomimetic robots
  publication-title: Int. J. Precis. Eng. Manufactur.
  doi: 10.1007/s12541-009-0064-6
– start-page: 1097
  volume-title: 2015 IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems (IROS)
  year: 2015
  ident: B132
  article-title: Variable stiffness actuator for soft robotics using dielectric elastomer and low-melting-point alloy
  doi: 10.1109/IROS.2015.7353507
– volume: 130
  start-page: 052304
  year: 2008
  ident: B158
  article-title: Microrobot design using fiber reinforced composites
  publication-title: J. Mech. Design
  doi: 10.1115/1.2885509
– volume: 3
  start-page: 144
  year: 2016
  ident: B162
  article-title: High-force soft printable pneumatics for soft robotic applications
  publication-title: Soft Robot.
  doi: 10.1089/soro.2016.0030
– volume: 7
  start-page: 025005
  year: 2012
  ident: B93
  article-title: Soft-robotic arm inspired by the octopus: II. From artificial requirements to innovative technological solutions
  publication-title: Bioinspir. Biomimet.
  doi: 10.1088/1748-3182/7/2/025005
– start-page: 1512
  volume-title: 2013 IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems
  year: 2013
  ident: B115
  article-title: Towards a soft pneumatic glove for hand rehabilitation
  doi: 10.1109/IROS.2013.6696549
– volume: 18
  start-page: 201
  year: 2005
  ident: B150
  article-title: The pneumatic biped “Lucy” actuated with pleated pneumatic artificial muscles
  publication-title: Auton. Robots
  doi: 10.1007/s10514-005-0726-x
– volume: 11
  start-page: 056012
  year: 2016
  ident: B61
  article-title: A starfish robot based on soft and smart modular structure (SMS) actuated by SMA wires
  publication-title: Bioinspir. Biomimet.
  doi: 10.1088/1748-3190/11/5/056012
– start-page: 1718
  volume-title: 2015 IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems (IROS)
  ident: B97
  article-title: Modelling and experimental analysis of a novel design for soft pneumatic artificial muscles
– volume-title: Soft Robotics (SoRo)
  year: 2014
  ident: B134
– volume: 4
  start-page: 16039
  year: 2014
  ident: B126
  article-title: 3D printed lost-wax casted soft silicone monoblocks enable heart-inspired pumping by internal combustion
  publication-title: RSC Adv.
  doi: 10.1039/C4RA01497A
– start-page: 756
  volume-title: 2011 IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems
  year: 2011
  ident: B88
  article-title: Soft robot actuators using energy-efficient valves controlled by electropermanent magnets
  doi: 10.1109/IROS.2011.6095064
– volume: 4
  start-page: 23
  year: 2016
  ident: B121
  article-title: Soft pneumatic actuator fascicles for high force and reliability
  publication-title: Soft Robot.
  doi: 10.1089/soro.2016.0029
– start-page: 31
  volume-title: 2016 IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Biomimetics (ROBIO)
  year: 2016
  ident: B17
  article-title: Design, fabrication and control of a multi-material-multi-actuator soft robot inspired by burrowing worms
  doi: 10.1109/ROBIO.2016.7866293
– volume: 3
  start-page: 109
  year: 2016
  ident: B112
  article-title: Design and analysis of a soft pneumatic actuator with origami shell reinforcement
  publication-title: Soft Robot.
  doi: 10.1089/soro.2016.0023
– volume: 1
  start-page: 524
  year: 2017
  ident: B12
  article-title: Light-stimulated hydrogels with incorporated graphene oxide as actuator material for flow control in microfluidic applications
  publication-title: Proc. Eurosens. Conf.
– volume: 15
  start-page: 20
  year: 2008
  ident: B3
  article-title: Soft robotics: from torque feedback controlled lightweight robots to intrinsically compliant systems
  publication-title: IEEE Robot. Automat. Mag.
  doi: 10.1109/MRA.2008.927979
– volume: 5
  start-page: 9503
  year: 2015
  ident: B100
  article-title: A multi-responsive water-driven actuator With instant and powerful performance for versatile applications
  publication-title: Sci. Rep.
  doi: 10.1038/srep09503
– volume: 1
  start-page: 1600055
  ident: B160
  article-title: Buckling pneumatic linear actuators inspired by muscle
  publication-title: Adv. Mater. Technol.
  doi: 10.1002/admt.201600055
– volume: 22
  start-page: 717
  year: 2017
  ident: B156
  article-title: Interaction forces of soft fiber reinforced bending actuators
  publication-title: IEEE/ASME Trans. Mechatr.
  doi: 10.1109/TMECH.2016.2638468
– volume: 22
  start-page: 085005
  year: 2013
  ident: B128
  article-title: Soft-matter composites with electrically tunable elastic rigidity
  publication-title: Smart Mater. Struct.
  doi: 10.1088/0964-1726/22/8/085005
– volume: 1
  start-page: eaah3690
  year: 2016
  ident: B75
  article-title: Soft robotics: technologies and systems pushing the boundaries of robot abilities
  publication-title: Sci. Robot.
  doi: 10.1126/scirobotics.aah3690
– start-page: 1095
  volume-title: 2016 IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation (ICRA)
  year: 2016
  ident: B41
  article-title: Simultaneous position and stiffness control for an inflatable soft robot
  doi: 10.1109/ICRA.2016.7487240
– volume: 16
  start-page: 2193
  year: 2006
  ident: B77
  article-title: Direct ink writing of 3D functional materials
  publication-title: Adv. Funct. Mater.
  doi: 10.1002/adfm.200600434
– volume: 34
  start-page: 551
  year: 2003
  ident: B13
  article-title: Vacuum injection moulding for large structural applications
  publication-title: Compos. A Appl. Sci. Manufactur.
  doi: 10.1016/S1359-835X(03)00060-5
– start-page: 4313
  volume-title: 2017 IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation (ICRA)
  ident: B18
  article-title: 3D-printed ionic polymer-metal composite soft crawling robot
– volume: 84
  start-page: 116
  year: 2014
  ident: B142
  article-title: 4D printing: multi-material shape change
  publication-title: Architect. Design
  doi: 10.1002/ad.1710
– volume: 2
  start-page: 107
  year: 2015
  ident: B85
  article-title: A bioinspired soft robotic gripper for adaptable and effective grasping
  publication-title: Soft Robot.
  doi: 10.1089/soro.2015.0009
– volume: 3
  start-page: 89
  year: 2015
  ident: B165
  article-title: Scalable manufacturing of high force wearable soft actuators
  publication-title: Extreme Mech. Lett.
  doi: 10.1016/j.eml.2015.02.006
– volume: 35
  start-page: 1308
  year: 2016
  ident: B42
  article-title: Underwater soft-bodied pulsed-jet thrusters: actuator modeling and performance profiling
  publication-title: Int. J. Robot. Res.
  doi: 10.1177/0278364915622569
– volume: 50
  start-page: 1890
  year: 2011
  ident: B56
  article-title: Soft robotics for chemists
  publication-title: Angew. Chem. Int. Edn.
  doi: 10.1002/anie.201006464
– volume: 2
  start-page: 2302
  year: 2017
  ident: B32
  article-title: Euglenoid-inspired giant shape change for highly deformable soft robots
  publication-title: IEEE Robot. Automat. Lett.
  doi: 10.1109/LRA.2017.2726113
– volume: 10
  start-page: 035003
  year: 2015
  ident: B24
  article-title: Bioinspired locomotion and grasping in water: the soft eight-arm OCTOPUS robot
  publication-title: Bioinspir. Biomimet.
  doi: 10.1088/1748-3190/10/3/035003
– volume: 6
  start-page: 20869
  year: 2016
  ident: B154
  article-title: Deployable soft composite structures
  publication-title: Sci. Rep.
  doi: 10.1038/srep20869
– volume: 10
  start-page: 581
  year: 2005
  ident: B22
  article-title: Biomimetic soft actuator: design, modeling, control, and applications
  publication-title: IEEE/ASME Trans. Mechatr.
  doi: 10.1109/TMECH.2005.856108
– start-page: 3154
  volume-title: 2015 IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation (ICRA)
  year: 2015
  ident: B103
  article-title: A jumping robot using soft pneumatic actuator
  doi: 10.1109/ICRA.2015.7139633
– start-page: 3669
  volume-title: Proceedings of the 2017 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, CHI '17
  year: 2017
  ident: B125
  article-title: Printflatables: printing human-scale, functional and dynamic inflatable objects
– volume: 5
  start-page: 99
  year: 2008
  ident: B145
  article-title: Soft robotics: biological inspiration, state of the art, and future research
  publication-title: Appl. Bionics Biomech.
  doi: 10.1155/2008/520417
– volume: 6
  start-page: 116
  year: 2013
  ident: B58
  article-title: Photo-responsive shape-memory and shape-changing liquid-crystal polymer networks
  publication-title: Materials
  doi: 10.3390/ma6010116
– volume: 32
  start-page: 187
  year: 2016
  ident: B119
  article-title: A soft modular manipulator for minimally invasive surgery: design and characterization of a single module
  publication-title: IEEE Trans. Robot.
  doi: 10.1109/TRO.2015.2507160
– volume: 61
  start-page: 1601
  year: 2013
  ident: B149
  article-title: Variable impedance actuators: a review
  publication-title: Robot. Auton. Syst.
  doi: 10.1016/j.robot.2013.06.009
– start-page: 3641
  volume-title: Proceedings 2000 ICRA. Millennium Conference. IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation. Symposia Proceedings (Cat. No.00CH37065)
  year: 2000
  ident: B146
  article-title: Improved modelling and assessment of pneumatic muscle actuators
  doi: 10.1109/ROBOT.2000.845299
– start-page: 5539
  volume-title: 2017 IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation (ICRA)
  year: 2017
  ident: B15
  article-title: Model based control of fiber reinforced elastofluidic enclosures
  doi: 10.1109/ICRA.2017.7989653
– volume: 343
  start-page: 868
  year: 2014
  ident: B47
  article-title: Artificial muscles from fishing line and sewing thread
  publication-title: Science
  doi: 10.1126/science.1246906
– volume: 23
  start-page: 094006
  ident: B143
  article-title: Self-folding origami: shape memory composites activated by uniform heating
  publication-title: Smart Mater. Struct.
  doi: 10.1088/0964-1726/23/9/094006
– volume: 73
  start-page: 135
  ident: B116
  article-title: Soft robotic glove for combined assistance and at-home rehabilitation
  publication-title: Robot. Auton. Syst.
  doi: 10.1016/j.robot.2014.08.014
– volume: 351
  start-page: 1071
  year: 2016
  ident: B72
  article-title: Highly stretchable electroluminescent skin for optical signaling and tactile sensing
  publication-title: Science
  doi: 10.1126/science.aac5082
– volume: 52
  start-page: 5924
  year: 2016
  ident: B159
  article-title: Single-material solvent-sensitive actuator from poly(ionic liquid) inverse opals based on gradient dewetting
  publication-title: Chem. Commun.
  doi: 10.1039/C6CC01442A
– volume: 2
  start-page: 1413
  year: 2017
  ident: B26
  article-title: Optimization-based inverse model of soft robots with contact handling
  publication-title: IEEE Robot. Automat. Lett.
  doi: 10.1109/LRA.2017.2669367
– start-page: 2047
  volume-title: 2013 IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation
  year: 2013
  ident: B29
  article-title: A compliant hand based on a novel pneumatic actuator
  doi: 10.1109/ICRA.2013.6630851
– volume: 4
  start-page: 2148
  year: 2008
  ident: B71
  article-title: Biomimetic soft multifunctional miniature aquabots
  publication-title: Small
  doi: 10.1002/smll.200800315
– volume-title: Compliant Mechanisms
  year: 2001
  ident: B55
– volume: 17
  start-page: 494
  year: 2014
  ident: B57
  article-title: Hydrogel-based actuators: possibilities and limitations
  publication-title: Mater. Today
  doi: 10.1016/j.mattod.2014.07.002
– start-page: 462
  volume-title: 2008 IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Biomimetics
  year: 2009
  ident: B106
  article-title: Micro pneumatic curling actuator - Nematode actuator
  doi: 10.1109/ROBIO.2009.4913047
– volume: 8
  start-page: 144
  ident: B19
  article-title: A comprehensive review of select smart polymeric and gel actuators for soft mechatronics and robotics applications: fundamentals, freeform fabrication, and motion control
  publication-title: Int. J. Smart Nano Mater.
  doi: 10.1080/19475411.2018.1438534
– start-page: 4608
  volume-title: 2011 IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation
  year: 2011
  ident: B109
  article-title: Towards printable robotics: origami-inspired planar fabrication of three-dimensional mechanisms
  doi: 10.1109/ICRA.2011.5980139
– volume: 23
  start-page: 2024
  year: 2012
  ident: B129
  article-title: Load-controlled roll transfer of oxide transistors for stretchable electronics
  publication-title: Adv. Funct. Mater.
  doi: 10.1002/adfm.201202519
– volume: 23
  start-page: 045012
  year: 2013
  ident: B46
  article-title: Modeling and bonding-free fabrication of flexible fluidic microactuators with a bending motion
  publication-title: J. Micromech. Microeng.
  doi: 10.1088/0960-1317/23/4/045012
– volume: 71
  start-page: 197
  year: 1988
  ident: B9
  article-title: Generating optimal topologies in structural design using a homogenization method
  publication-title: Comput. Methods Appl. Mech. Eng.
  doi: 10.1016/0045-7825(88)90086-2
– volume: 28
  start-page: 7533
  year: 2016
  ident: B45
  article-title: Rotary actuators based on pneumatically driven elastomeric structures
  publication-title: Adv. Mater.
  doi: 10.1002/adma.201600660
– volume: 2
  start-page: 011003
  year: 2009
  ident: B59
  article-title: Lamina emergent mechanisms and their basic elements
  publication-title: J. Mech. Robot.
  doi: 10.1115/1.4000523
– volume: 11
  start-page: 20140827
  year: 2014
  ident: B152
  article-title: Mechanics and energetics in tool manufacture and use: a synthetic approach
  publication-title: J. R. Soc. Interf.
  doi: 10.1098/rsif.2014.0827
– start-page: 483
  volume-title: Robot Intelligence Technology and Applications 2
  year: 2014
  ident: B20
  article-title: Design and fabrication of a soft actuator for a swallowing robot
  doi: 10.1007/978-3-319-05582-4_42
– start-page: 442
  volume-title: 2017 IEEE International Conference on Advanced Intelligent Mechatronics (AIM)
  year: 2017
  ident: B4
  article-title: 3D printing of a thin-wall soft and monolithic gripper using fused filament fabrication
  doi: 10.1109/AIM.2017.8014057
– volume: 26
  start-page: 709
  year: 2012
  ident: B74
  article-title: Soft robot arm inspired by the octopus
  publication-title: Adv. Robot.
  doi: 10.1163/156855312X626343
– volume: 38
  start-page: 2039
  year: 2004
  ident: B48
  article-title: Spin coating of thin and ultrathin polymer films
  publication-title: Polym. Eng. Sci.
  doi: 10.1002/pen.10373
– volume: 53
  start-page: 12519
  year: 2014
  ident: B81
  article-title: Design, performance and reinforcement of bearing-free soft silicone combustion-driven pumps
  publication-title: Indust. Eng. Chem. Res.
  doi: 10.1021/ie501991d
– volume: 25
  start-page: 1656
  year: 2015
  ident: B83
  article-title: Ultrafast all-polymer electrically tunable silicone lenses
  publication-title: Adv. Funct. Mater.
  doi: 10.1002/adfm.201403942
– volume: 94
  start-page: 1309
  year: 2017
  ident: B44
  article-title: Additively manufactured multi-material free-form structure with printed electronics
  publication-title: Int. J. Adv. Manufactur. Technol
  doi: 10.1007/s00170-017-0972-z
– volume: 47
  start-page: 525
  year: 1998
  ident: B69
  article-title: Progress in additive manufacturing and rapid prototyping
  publication-title: CIRP Ann.
  doi: 10.1016/S0007-8506(07)63240-5
– volume: 12
  start-page: 90
  year: 1996
  ident: B23
  article-title: Measurement and modeling of McKibben pneumatic artificial muscles
  publication-title: IEEE Trans. Robot. Automat.
  doi: 10.1109/70.481753
– volume: 8
  start-page: 596
  year: 2017
  ident: B98
  article-title: Soft material for soft actuators
  publication-title: Nat. Commun.
  doi: 10.1038/s41467-017-00685-3
– start-page: 435
  volume-title: 2015 International Conference on Fluid Power and Mechatronics (FPM)
  year: 2015
  ident: B118
  article-title: Design and characteristic study of a pneumatically actuated earthworm-like soft robot
  doi: 10.1109/FPM.2015.7337156
– volume: 31
  start-page: 778
  ident: B117
  article-title: Modeling of soft fiber-reinforced bending actuators
  publication-title: IEEE Trans. Robot.
  doi: 10.1109/TRO.2015.2428504
– volume: 28
  start-page: 987
  year: 2012
  ident: B51
  article-title: Shape memory polymer-based flexure stiffness control in a miniature flapping-wing robot
  publication-title: IEEE Trans. Robot.
  doi: 10.1109/TRO.2012.2197313
– start-page: 376
  volume-title: 2016 IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems (IROS)
  year: 2016
  ident: B76
  article-title: Mechanical implementation of a variable-stiffness actuator for a softly strummed ukulele
  doi: 10.1109/IROS.2016.7759082
– start-page: 1133
  volume-title: 2015 IEEE-RAS 15th International Conference on Humanoid Robots (Humanoids)
  year: 2015
  ident: B10
  article-title: Control of a pneumatically actuated, fully inflatable, fabric-based, humanoid robot
  doi: 10.1109/HUMANOIDS.2015.7363495
– volume-title: Conception and Realization of Pleated Pneumatic Artificial Muscles and Their Use as Compliant Actuation Elements
  year: 1999
  ident: B28
– start-page: 4446
  volume-title: 2013 IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems
  year: 2013
  ident: B137
  article-title: Characterization of silicone rubber based soft pneumatic actuators
  doi: 10.1109/IROS.2013.6696995
– volume: 1
  start-page: 5
  year: 2014
  ident: B84
  article-title: Soft robotics: a perspective—current trends and prospects for the future
  publication-title: Soft Robot.
  doi: 10.1089/soro.2013.0001
– volume: 3
  start-page: 16
  year: 2018
  ident: B140
  article-title: A pneumatic artificial muscle manufactured out of self-healing polymers that can repair macroscopic damages
  publication-title: IEEE Robot. Automat. Lett.
  doi: 10.1109/LRA.2017.2724140
– volume: 107
  start-page: 18809
  year: 2010
  ident: B14
  article-title: Universal robotic gripper based on the jamming of granular material
  publication-title: Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.
  doi: 10.1073/pnas.1003250107
– start-page: 2317
  volume-title: 2015 IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems (IROS)
  year: 2015
  ident: B35
  article-title: A soft pneumatic actuator that can sense grasp and touch
  doi: 10.1109/IROS.2015.7353689
– start-page: 6332
  volume-title: 2014 IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation (ICRA)
  year: 2014
  ident: B104
  article-title: Pouch motors: printable/inflatable soft actuators for robotics
  doi: 10.1109/ICRA.2014.6907793
– volume: 121
  start-page: 113
  year: 2005
  ident: B136
  article-title: Projection micro-stereolithography using digital micro-mirror dynamic mask
  publication-title: Sens. Actuat. A Phys.
  doi: 10.1016/j.sna.2004.12.011
– start-page: 227
  volume-title: Experimental Robotics
  year: 2014
  ident: B27
  article-title: Soft autonomous materials–using active elasticity and embedded distributed computation
  doi: 10.1007/978-3-642-28572-1_16
– volume: 1
  start-page: 213
  ident: B144
  article-title: A resilient, untethered soft robot
  publication-title: Soft Robot.
  doi: 10.1089/soro.2014.0008
– volume: 7
  start-page: 34224
  year: 2017
  ident: B2
  article-title: Design and computational modeling of a modular, compliant robotic assembly for human lumbar unit and spinal cord assistance
  publication-title: Sci. Rep.
  doi: 10.1038/s41598-017-14220-3
– volume: 137
  start-page: 092302
  year: 2015
  ident: B31
  article-title: A family of dual-segment compliant joints suitable for use as surrogate folds
  publication-title: J. Mech. Design
  doi: 10.1115/1.4030875
– volume: 4
  start-page: 16
  year: 2017
  ident: B135
  article-title: A novel concept for safe, stiffness-controllable robot links
  publication-title: Soft Robot.
  doi: 10.1089/soro.2016.0015
– volume: 24
  start-page: 2163
  year: 2014
  ident: B99
  article-title: Pneumatic networks for soft robotics that actuate rapidly
  publication-title: Adv. Funct. Mater.
  doi: 10.1002/adfm.201303288
– volume: 3
  start-page: 23
  year: 2016
  ident: B39
  article-title: Soft robotic grippers for biological sampling on deep reefs
  publication-title: Soft Robot.
  doi: 10.1089/soro.2015.0019
– volume: 3
  start-page: 101
  year: 2016
  ident: B6
  article-title: Sculpting soft machines
  publication-title: Soft Robot.
  doi: 10.1089/soro.2016.0004
– volume: 2
  start-page: 1700135
  year: 2017
  ident: B124
  article-title: An additive millimeter-scale fabrication method for soft biocompatible actuators and sensors
  publication-title: Adv. Mater. Technol.
  doi: 10.1002/admt.201700135
– volume: 16
  start-page: S306
  year: 2007
  ident: B65
  article-title: An arm wrestling robot driven by dielectric elastomer actuators
  publication-title: Smart Mater. Struct.
  doi: 10.1088/0964-1726/16/2/S16
– start-page: 971
  volume-title: Intelligent Robots and Systems (IROS), 2013 IEEE/RSJ International Conference On
  year: 2013
  ident: B133
  article-title: Soft robot for gait rehabilitation of spinalized rodents
  doi: 10.1109/IROS.2013.6696468
– volume: 347
  start-page: 1349
  year: 2015
  ident: B148
  article-title: Continuous liquid interface production of 3D objects
  publication-title: Science
  doi: 10.1126/science.aaa2397
– volume: 288
  start-page: 2335
  year: 2000
  ident: B60
  article-title: Microrobots for micrometer-size objects in aqueous media: potential tools for single-cell manipulation
  publication-title: Science
  doi: 10.1126/science.288.5475.2335
– volume: 18
  start-page: 430
  year: 2013
  ident: B110
  article-title: An origami-inspired approach to worm robots
  publication-title: IEEE/ASME Trans. Mechatr.
  doi: 10.1109/TMECH.2012.2210239
– volume: 8
  start-page: 061010
  ident: B161
  article-title: Novel design and three-dimensional printing of variable stiffness robotic grippers
  publication-title: J. Mech. Robot.
  doi: 10.1115/1.4033728
– year: 2016
  ident: B38
  publication-title: Frontiers in Robotics and AI, Soft Robotics Section
– start-page: 4951
  volume-title: 2016 IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation (ICRA)
  year: 2016
  ident: B89
  article-title: Auxetic metamaterial simplifies soft robot design
  doi: 10.1109/ICRA.2016.7487701
– volume: 2
  start-page: 1700136
  year: 2017
  ident: B7
  article-title: Batch fabrication of customizable silicone-textile composite capacitive strain sensors for human motion tracking
  publication-title: Adv. Mater. Technol.
  doi: 10.1002/admt.201700136
– volume: 521
  start-page: 467
  year: 2015
  ident: B123
  article-title: Design, fabrication and control of soft robots
  publication-title: Nature
  doi: 10.1038/nature14543
– volume: 114
  start-page: 13132
  ident: B78
  article-title: Fluid-driven origami-inspired artificial muscles
  publication-title: Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.
  doi: 10.1073/pnas.1713450114
– volume-title: International Conference Polymers and Moulds Innovations (PMI), 20-24 April 2005, Gent Belgium, Paper 525
  year: 2005
  ident: B70
  article-title: Benchmarking of different SLS/SLM processes as Rapid Manufacturing techniques
SSID ssj0001584377
Score 2.52864
SecondaryResourceType review_article
Snippet The growing interest in soft robots comes from the new possibilities offered by these systems to cope with problems that cannot be addressed by robots built...
SourceID doaj
pubmedcentral
hal
proquest
pubmed
crossref
SourceType Open Website
Open Access Repository
Aggregation Database
Index Database
Enrichment Source
StartPage 84
SubjectTerms Automatic
design
Engineering Sciences
manufacturing process
prototyping
Robotics and AI
soft components
soft robotics
Title Soft Robots Manufacturing: A Review
URI https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33500963
https://www.proquest.com/docview/2481633044
https://hal.science/hal-03008794
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/PMC7805834
https://doaj.org/article/2cb8f6791ffe4f298e03351359f3a611
Volume 5
WOSCitedRecordID wos000440376200001&url=https%3A%2F%2Fcvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com%2F%23%21%2Fsearch%3Fho%3Df%26include.ft.matches%3Dt%26l%3Dnull%26q%3D
hasFullText 1
inHoldings 1
isFullTextHit
isPrint
journalDatabaseRights – providerCode: PRVAON
  databaseName: DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals
  customDbUrl:
  eissn: 2296-9144
  dateEnd: 99991231
  omitProxy: false
  ssIdentifier: ssj0001584377
  issn: 2296-9144
  databaseCode: DOA
  dateStart: 20140101
  isFulltext: true
  titleUrlDefault: https://www.doaj.org/
  providerName: Directory of Open Access Journals
– providerCode: PRVHPJ
  databaseName: ROAD: Directory of Open Access Scholarly Resources
  customDbUrl:
  eissn: 2296-9144
  dateEnd: 99991231
  omitProxy: false
  ssIdentifier: ssj0001584377
  issn: 2296-9144
  databaseCode: M~E
  dateStart: 20140101
  isFulltext: true
  titleUrlDefault: https://road.issn.org
  providerName: ISSN International Centre
link http://cvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwrV1Lb9QwEB5BxQEOiJbX8qjC48Ih2sR2bIfbUrXqgVaIh7Q3y3ZstVKVoH30yG9nxt6usiDBpZccbMd2vkk8M_H4G4D3routik6VlQ-qFD6IUjMvSuuk1baWWjc-JZtQ5-d6Pm-_jFJ9UUxYpgfOwE2ZdzpK1dYxBhFZq0PFeVPzpo3cynyqF62ekTOVzwdrwZXK-5LohbXTuBgcxU7WFDuZyExHeijR9aN2uaBgyL8tzT8DJkca6OQRPNyYjsUsT3kf7oT-AB6MCAUfw7tvuKoWXwc3rJbFme3XdG4hHUT8WMyKvA_wBH6cHH8_Oi03aRBKL1q5KmPsFBO8YlZJV2mvmiC9RT0vOFZ00jsWa8d5i0U-ssayLkgXUDbB20Z4_hT2-qEPz6HggRNdfbCox9FSc67qyN6rIzoZQdRuAtMbUIzfcIRTqoorg74CwWgSjIZgNAnGCXzY3vEz82P8o-0nwnnbjpitUwHK22zkbf4n7wm8RSnt9HE6-2yoDNerSuP6co2N3twI0eDnQnsgtg_DemmY0GiB8krgbJ5loW77wnHIo-MTUDvi3hlst6a_vEiU3JQZQnPx4jae8CXcJ8zyf55XsLdarMNruOevV5fLxSHcVXN9mN52vJ79Ov4NLugCpg
linkProvider Directory of Open Access Journals
openUrl ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info%3Aofi%2Fenc%3AUTF-8&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsummon.serialssolutions.com&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Soft+Robots+Manufacturing%3A+A+Review&rft.jtitle=Frontiers+in+robotics+and+AI&rft.au=Schmitt%2C+Fran%C3%A7ois&rft.au=Piccin%2C+Olivier&rft.au=Barb%C3%A9%2C+Laurent&rft.au=Bayle%2C+Bernard&rft.date=2018&rft.eissn=2296-9144&rft.volume=5&rft.spage=84&rft_id=info:doi/10.3389%2Ffrobt.2018.00084&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F33500963&rft.externalDocID=33500963
thumbnail_l http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/lc.gif&issn=2296-9144&client=summon
thumbnail_m http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/mc.gif&issn=2296-9144&client=summon
thumbnail_s http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/sc.gif&issn=2296-9144&client=summon