Semaglutide lowers body weight in rodents via distributed neural pathways
Semaglutide, a glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) analog, induces weight loss, lowers glucose levels, and reduces cardiovascular risk in patients with diabetes. Mechanistic preclinical studies suggest weight loss is mediated through GLP-1 receptors (GLP-1Rs) in the brain. The findings presented here sh...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | JCI insight Jg. 5; H. 6 |
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| Hauptverfasser: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
| Format: | Journal Article |
| Sprache: | Englisch |
| Veröffentlicht: |
United States
American Society for Clinical Investigation
26.03.2020
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| ISSN: | 2379-3708, 2379-3708 |
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| Abstract | Semaglutide, a glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) analog, induces weight loss, lowers glucose levels, and reduces cardiovascular risk in patients with diabetes. Mechanistic preclinical studies suggest weight loss is mediated through GLP-1 receptors (GLP-1Rs) in the brain. The findings presented here show that semaglutide modulated food preference, reduced food intake, and caused weight loss without decreasing energy expenditure. Semaglutide directly accessed the brainstem, septal nucleus, and hypothalamus but did not cross the blood-brain barrier; it interacted with the brain through the circumventricular organs and several select sites adjacent to the ventricles. Semaglutide induced central c-Fos activation in 10 brain areas, including hindbrain areas directly targeted by semaglutide, and secondary areas without direct GLP-1R interaction, such as the lateral parabrachial nucleus. Automated analysis of semaglutide access, c-Fos activity, GLP-1R distribution, and brain connectivity revealed that activation may involve meal termination controlled by neurons in the lateral parabrachial nucleus. Transcriptomic analysis of microdissected brain areas from semaglutide-treated rats showed upregulation of prolactin-releasing hormone and tyrosine hydroxylase in the area postrema. We suggest semaglutide lowers body weight by direct interaction with diverse GLP-1R populations and by directly and indirectly affecting the activity of neural pathways involved in food intake, reward, and energy expenditure. |
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| AbstractList | Semaglutide, a glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) analog, induces weight loss, lowers glucose levels, and reduces cardiovascular risk in patients with diabetes. Mechanistic preclinical studies suggest weight loss is mediated through GLP-1 receptors (GLP-1Rs) in the brain. The findings presented here show that semaglutide modulated food preference, reduced food intake, and caused weight loss without decreasing energy expenditure. Semaglutide directly accessed the brainstem, septal nucleus, and hypothalamus but did not cross the blood-brain barrier; it interacted with the brain through the circumventricular organs and several select sites adjacent to the ventricles. Semaglutide induced central c-Fos activation in 10 brain areas, including hindbrain areas directly targeted by semaglutide, and secondary areas without direct GLP-1R interaction, such as the lateral parabrachial nucleus. Automated analysis of semaglutide access, c-Fos activity, GLP-1R distribution, and brain connectivity revealed that activation may involve meal termination controlled by neurons in the lateral parabrachial nucleus. Transcriptomic analysis of microdissected brain areas from semaglutide-treated rats showed upregulation of prolactin-releasing hormone and tyrosine hydroxylase in the area postrema. We suggest semaglutide lowers body weight by direct interaction with diverse GLP-1R populations and by directly and indirectly affecting the activity of neural pathways involved in food intake, reward, and energy expenditure. Semaglutide, a glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) analog, induces weight loss, lowers glucose levels, and reduces cardiovascular risk in patients with diabetes. Mechanistic preclinical studies suggest weight loss is mediated through GLP-1 receptors (GLP-1Rs) in the brain. The findings presented here show that semaglutide modulated food preference, reduced food intake, and caused weight loss without decreasing energy expenditure. Semaglutide directly accessed the brainstem, septal nucleus, and hypothalamus but did not cross the blood-brain barrier; it interacted with the brain through the circumventricular organs and several select sites adjacent to the ventricles. Semaglutide induced central c-Fos activation in 10 brain areas, including hindbrain areas directly targeted by semaglutide, and secondary areas without direct GLP-1R interaction, such as the lateral parabrachial nucleus. Automated analysis of semaglutide access, c-Fos activity, GLP-1R distribution, and brain connectivity revealed that activation may involve meal termination controlled by neurons in the lateral parabrachial nucleus. Transcriptomic analysis of microdissected brain areas from semaglutide-treated rats showed upregulation of prolactin-releasing hormone and tyrosine hydroxylase in the area postrema. We suggest semaglutide lowers body weight by direct interaction with diverse GLP-1R populations and by directly and indirectly affecting the activity of neural pathways involved in food intake, reward, and energy expenditure.Semaglutide, a glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) analog, induces weight loss, lowers glucose levels, and reduces cardiovascular risk in patients with diabetes. Mechanistic preclinical studies suggest weight loss is mediated through GLP-1 receptors (GLP-1Rs) in the brain. The findings presented here show that semaglutide modulated food preference, reduced food intake, and caused weight loss without decreasing energy expenditure. Semaglutide directly accessed the brainstem, septal nucleus, and hypothalamus but did not cross the blood-brain barrier; it interacted with the brain through the circumventricular organs and several select sites adjacent to the ventricles. Semaglutide induced central c-Fos activation in 10 brain areas, including hindbrain areas directly targeted by semaglutide, and secondary areas without direct GLP-1R interaction, such as the lateral parabrachial nucleus. Automated analysis of semaglutide access, c-Fos activity, GLP-1R distribution, and brain connectivity revealed that activation may involve meal termination controlled by neurons in the lateral parabrachial nucleus. Transcriptomic analysis of microdissected brain areas from semaglutide-treated rats showed upregulation of prolactin-releasing hormone and tyrosine hydroxylase in the area postrema. We suggest semaglutide lowers body weight by direct interaction with diverse GLP-1R populations and by directly and indirectly affecting the activity of neural pathways involved in food intake, reward, and energy expenditure. Semaglutide, a glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) analog, induces weight loss, lowers glucose levels, and reduces cardiovascular risk in patients with diabetes. Mechanistic preclinical studies suggest weight loss is mediated through GLP-1 receptors (GLP-1Rs) in the brain. The findings presented here show that semaglutide modulated food preference, reduced food intake, and caused weight loss without decreasing energy expenditure. Semaglutide directly accessed the brainstem, septal nucleus, and hypothalamus but did not cross the blood-brain barrier; it interacted with the brain through the circumventricular organs and several select sites adjacent to the ventricles. Semaglutide induced central c-Fos activation in 10 brain areas, including hindbrain areas directly targeted by semaglutide, and secondary areas without direct GLP-1R interaction, such as the lateral parabrachial nucleus. Automated analysis of semaglutide access, c-Fos activity, GLP-1R distribution, and brain connectivity revealed that activation may involve meal termination controlled by neurons in the lateral parabrachial nucleus. Transcriptomic analysis of microdissected brain areas from semaglutide-treated rats showed upregulation of prolactin-releasing hormone and tyrosine hydroxylase in the area postrema. We suggest semaglutide lowers body weight by direct interaction with diverse GLP-1R populations and by directly and indirectly affecting the activity of neural pathways involved in food intake, reward, and energy expenditure. Semaglutide lowers body weight by direct interaction with diverse neural GLP-1R populations, leading to direct and indirect engagement of brain areas involved in energy balance. |
| Author | Gabery, Sanaz Salinas, Casper G. Raun, Kirsten Paulsen, Sarah J. Szilvásy-Szabó, Anett Willenbrock, Hanni Knudsen, Lotte Bjerre Nøhr, Jane Polex-Wolf, Joseph Fekete, Csaba Simonsen, Lotte Frederiksen, Klaus S. Lu, Tess T. Ahnfelt-Rønne, Jonas Baquero, Arian F. Secher, Anna Farkas, Erzsébet Pyke, Charles Alanentalo, Tomas John, Linu M. Buckley, Stephen T. Prevot, Vincent Helms, Hans Christian C. Sun, Gao Jeppesen, Jacob F. |
| AuthorAffiliation | 4 Inserm, Laboratory of Development and Plasticity of the Neuroendocrine Brain, Jean-Pierre Aubert Research Centre, Lille, France 3 Institute of Experimental Medicine Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary 2 Global Research Technologies, Novo Nordisk A/S, Måløv, Denmark, and Seattle, Washington, USA 1 Global Drug Discovery and |
| AuthorAffiliation_xml | – name: 3 Institute of Experimental Medicine Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary – name: 4 Inserm, Laboratory of Development and Plasticity of the Neuroendocrine Brain, Jean-Pierre Aubert Research Centre, Lille, France – name: 1 Global Drug Discovery and – name: 2 Global Research Technologies, Novo Nordisk A/S, Måløv, Denmark, and Seattle, Washington, USA |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Sanaz surname: Gabery fullname: Gabery, Sanaz – sequence: 2 givenname: Casper G. surname: Salinas fullname: Salinas, Casper G. – sequence: 3 givenname: Sarah J. surname: Paulsen fullname: Paulsen, Sarah J. – sequence: 4 givenname: Jonas surname: Ahnfelt-Rønne fullname: Ahnfelt-Rønne, Jonas – sequence: 5 givenname: Tomas surname: Alanentalo fullname: Alanentalo, Tomas – sequence: 6 givenname: Arian F. orcidid: 0000-0003-2153-4688 surname: Baquero fullname: Baquero, Arian F. – sequence: 7 givenname: Stephen T. orcidid: 0000-0001-9804-7242 surname: Buckley fullname: Buckley, Stephen T. – sequence: 8 givenname: Erzsébet surname: Farkas fullname: Farkas, Erzsébet – sequence: 9 givenname: Csaba orcidid: 0000-0002-8206-562X surname: Fekete fullname: Fekete, Csaba – sequence: 10 givenname: Klaus S. surname: Frederiksen fullname: Frederiksen, Klaus S. – sequence: 11 givenname: Hans Christian C. orcidid: 0000-0001-6105-1707 surname: Helms fullname: Helms, Hans Christian C. – sequence: 12 givenname: Jacob F. surname: Jeppesen fullname: Jeppesen, Jacob F. – sequence: 13 givenname: Linu M. surname: John fullname: John, Linu M. – sequence: 14 givenname: Charles surname: Pyke fullname: Pyke, Charles – sequence: 15 givenname: Jane surname: Nøhr fullname: Nøhr, Jane – sequence: 16 givenname: Tess T. surname: Lu fullname: Lu, Tess T. – sequence: 17 givenname: Joseph orcidid: 0000-0002-0441-8872 surname: Polex-Wolf fullname: Polex-Wolf, Joseph – sequence: 18 givenname: Vincent orcidid: 0000-0001-7185-3615 surname: Prevot fullname: Prevot, Vincent – sequence: 19 givenname: Kirsten surname: Raun fullname: Raun, Kirsten – sequence: 20 givenname: Lotte surname: Simonsen fullname: Simonsen, Lotte – sequence: 21 givenname: Gao surname: Sun fullname: Sun, Gao – sequence: 22 givenname: Anett surname: Szilvásy-Szabó fullname: Szilvásy-Szabó, Anett – sequence: 23 givenname: Hanni surname: Willenbrock fullname: Willenbrock, Hanni – sequence: 24 givenname: Anna surname: Secher fullname: Secher, Anna – sequence: 25 givenname: Lotte Bjerre orcidid: 0000-0002-2439-7116 surname: Knudsen fullname: Knudsen, Lotte Bjerre |
| BackLink | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32213703$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed |
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| Title | Semaglutide lowers body weight in rodents via distributed neural pathways |
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