The Role of Bacteria in the Pathogenesis and Progression of Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a progressive lung disease of unknown cause that leads to respiratory failure and death within 5 years of diagnosis. Overt respiratory infection and immunosuppression carry a high morbidity and mortality, and polymorphisms in genes related to epithelial integri...

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Vydáno v:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine Ročník 190; číslo 8; s. 906 - 913
Hlavní autoři: Molyneaux, Phillip L., Cox, Michael J., Willis-Owen, Saffron A. G., Mallia, Patrick, Russell, Kirsty E., Russell, Anne-Marie, Murphy, Elissa, Johnston, Sebastian L., Schwartz, David A., Wells, Athol U., Cookson, William O. C., Maher, Toby M., Moffatt, Miriam F.
Médium: Journal Article
Jazyk:angličtina
Vydáno: United States American Thoracic Society 15.10.2014
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ISSN:1073-449X, 1535-4970, 1535-4970
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Abstract Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a progressive lung disease of unknown cause that leads to respiratory failure and death within 5 years of diagnosis. Overt respiratory infection and immunosuppression carry a high morbidity and mortality, and polymorphisms in genes related to epithelial integrity and host defense predispose to IPF. To investigate the role of bacteria in the pathogenesis and progression of IPF. We prospectively enrolled patients diagnosed with IPF according to international criteria together with healthy smokers, nonsmokers, and subjects with moderate chronic obstructive pulmonary disease as control subjects. Subjects underwent bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL), from which genomic DNA was isolated. The V3-V5 region of the bacterial 16S rRNA gene was amplified, allowing quantification of bacterial load and identification of communities by 16S rRNA quantitative polymerase chain reaction and pyrosequencing. Sixty-five patients with IPF had double the burden of bacteria in BAL fluid compared with 44 control subjects. Baseline bacterial burden predicted the rate of decline in lung volume and risk of death and associated independently with the rs35705950 polymorphism of the MUC5B mucin gene, a proven host susceptibility factor for IPF. Sequencing yielded 912,883 high-quality reads from all subjects. We identified Haemophilus, Streptococcus, Neisseria, and Veillonella spp. to be more abundant in cases than control subjects. Regression analyses indicated that these specific operational taxonomic units as well as bacterial burden associated independently with IPF. IPF is characterized by an increased bacterial burden in BAL that predicts decline in lung function and death. Trials of antimicrobial therapy are needed to determine if microbial burden is pathogenic in the disease.
AbstractList Rationale: Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a progressive lung disease of unknown cause that leads to respiratory failure and death within 5 years of diagnosis. Overt respiratory infection and immunosuppression carry a high morbidity and mortality, and polymorphisms in genes related to epithelial integrity and host defense predispose to IPF. Objectives: To investigate the role of bacteria in the pathogenesis and progression of IPF. Methods: We prospectively enrolled patients diagnosed with IPF according to international criteria together with healthy smokers, nonsmokers, and subjects with moderate chronic obstructive pulmonary disease as control subjects. Subjects underwent bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL), from which genomic DNA was isolated. The V3–V5 region of the bacterial 16S rRNA gene was amplified, allowing quantification of bacterial load and identification of communities by 16S rRNA quantitative polymerase chain reaction and pyrosequencing. Measurements and Main Results: Sixty-five patients with IPF had double the burden of bacteria in BAL fluid compared with 44 control subjects. Baseline bacterial burden predicted the rate of decline in lung volume and risk of death and associated independently with the rs35705950 polymorphism of the MUC5B mucin gene, a proven host susceptibility factor for IPF. Sequencing yielded 912,883 high-quality reads from all subjects. We identified Haemophilus, Streptococcus, Neisseria, and Veillonella spp. to be more abundant in cases than control subjects. Regression analyses indicated that these specific operational taxonomic units as well as bacterial burden associated independently with IPF. Conclusions: IPF is characterized by an increased bacterial burden in BAL that predicts decline in lung function and death. Trials of antimicrobial therapy are needed to determine if microbial burden is pathogenic in the disease.
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a progressive lung disease of unknown cause that leads to respiratory failure and death within 5 years of diagnosis. Overt respiratory infection and immunosuppression carry a high morbidity and mortality, and polymorphisms in genes related to epithelial integrity and host defense predispose to IPF.RATIONALEIdiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a progressive lung disease of unknown cause that leads to respiratory failure and death within 5 years of diagnosis. Overt respiratory infection and immunosuppression carry a high morbidity and mortality, and polymorphisms in genes related to epithelial integrity and host defense predispose to IPF.To investigate the role of bacteria in the pathogenesis and progression of IPF.OBJECTIVESTo investigate the role of bacteria in the pathogenesis and progression of IPF.We prospectively enrolled patients diagnosed with IPF according to international criteria together with healthy smokers, nonsmokers, and subjects with moderate chronic obstructive pulmonary disease as control subjects. Subjects underwent bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL), from which genomic DNA was isolated. The V3-V5 region of the bacterial 16S rRNA gene was amplified, allowing quantification of bacterial load and identification of communities by 16S rRNA quantitative polymerase chain reaction and pyrosequencing.METHODSWe prospectively enrolled patients diagnosed with IPF according to international criteria together with healthy smokers, nonsmokers, and subjects with moderate chronic obstructive pulmonary disease as control subjects. Subjects underwent bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL), from which genomic DNA was isolated. The V3-V5 region of the bacterial 16S rRNA gene was amplified, allowing quantification of bacterial load and identification of communities by 16S rRNA quantitative polymerase chain reaction and pyrosequencing.Sixty-five patients with IPF had double the burden of bacteria in BAL fluid compared with 44 control subjects. Baseline bacterial burden predicted the rate of decline in lung volume and risk of death and associated independently with the rs35705950 polymorphism of the MUC5B mucin gene, a proven host susceptibility factor for IPF. Sequencing yielded 912,883 high-quality reads from all subjects. We identified Haemophilus, Streptococcus, Neisseria, and Veillonella spp. to be more abundant in cases than control subjects. Regression analyses indicated that these specific operational taxonomic units as well as bacterial burden associated independently with IPF.MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTSSixty-five patients with IPF had double the burden of bacteria in BAL fluid compared with 44 control subjects. Baseline bacterial burden predicted the rate of decline in lung volume and risk of death and associated independently with the rs35705950 polymorphism of the MUC5B mucin gene, a proven host susceptibility factor for IPF. Sequencing yielded 912,883 high-quality reads from all subjects. We identified Haemophilus, Streptococcus, Neisseria, and Veillonella spp. to be more abundant in cases than control subjects. Regression analyses indicated that these specific operational taxonomic units as well as bacterial burden associated independently with IPF.IPF is characterized by an increased bacterial burden in BAL that predicts decline in lung function and death. Trials of antimicrobial therapy are needed to determine if microbial burden is pathogenic in the disease.CONCLUSIONSIPF is characterized by an increased bacterial burden in BAL that predicts decline in lung function and death. Trials of antimicrobial therapy are needed to determine if microbial burden is pathogenic in the disease.
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a progressive lung disease of unknown cause that leads to respiratory failure and death within 5 years of diagnosis. Overt respiratory infection and immunosuppression carry a high morbidity and mortality, and polymorphisms in genes related to epithelial integrity and host defense predispose to IPF. To investigate the role of bacteria in the pathogenesis and progression of IPF. We prospectively enrolled patients diagnosed with IPF according to international criteria together with healthy smokers, nonsmokers, and subjects with moderate chronic obstructive pulmonary disease as control subjects. Subjects underwent bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL), from which genomic DNA was isolated. The V3-V5 region of the bacterial 16S rRNA gene was amplified, allowing quantification of bacterial load and identification of communities by 16S rRNA quantitative polymerase chain reaction and pyrosequencing. Sixty-five patients with IPF had double the burden of bacteria in BAL fluid compared with 44 control subjects. Baseline bacterial burden predicted the rate of decline in lung volume and risk of death and associated independently with the rs35705950 polymorphism of the MUC5B mucin gene, a proven host susceptibility factor for IPF. Sequencing yielded 912,883 high-quality reads from all subjects. We identified Haemophilus, Streptococcus, Neisseria, and Veillonella spp. to be more abundant in cases than control subjects. Regression analyses indicated that these specific operational taxonomic units as well as bacterial burden associated independently with IPF. IPF is characterized by an increased bacterial burden in BAL that predicts decline in lung function and death. Trials of antimicrobial therapy are needed to determine if microbial burden is pathogenic in the disease.
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a progressive lung disease of unknown cause that leads to respiratory failure and death within 5 years of diagnosis. Overt respiratory infection and immunosuppression carry a high morbidity and mortality, and polymorphisms in genes related to epithelial integrity and host defense predispose to IPF. To investigate the role of bacteria in the pathogenesis and progression of IPF. We prospectively enrolled patients diagnosed with IPF according to international criteria together with healthy smokers, nonsmokers, and subjects with moderate chronic obstructive pulmonary disease as control subjects. Subjects underwent bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL), from which genomic DNA was isolated. The V3-V5 region of the bacterial 16S rRNA gene was amplified, allowing quantification of bacterial load and identification of communities by 16S rRNA quantitative polymerase chain reaction and pyrosequencing. Sixty-five patients with IPF had double the burden of bacteria in BAL fluid compared with 44 control subjects. Baseline bacterial burden predicted the rate of decline in lung volume and risk of death and associated independently with the rs35705950 polymorphism of the MUC5B mucin gene, a proven host susceptibility factor for IPF. Sequencing yielded 912,883 high-quality reads from all subjects. We identified Haemophilus, Streptococcus, Neisseria, and Veillonella spp. to be more abundant in cases than control subjects. Regression analyses indicated that these specific operational taxonomic units as well as bacterial burden associated independently with IPF. IPF is characterized by an increased bacterial burden in BAL that predicts decline in lung function and death. Trials of antimicrobial therapy are needed to determine if microbial burden is pathogenic in the disease.
Author Russell, Kirsty E.
Cookson, William O. C.
Schwartz, David A.
Willis-Owen, Saffron A. G.
Molyneaux, Phillip L.
Murphy, Elissa
Cox, Michael J.
Russell, Anne-Marie
Moffatt, Miriam F.
Maher, Toby M.
Johnston, Sebastian L.
Wells, Athol U.
Mallia, Patrick
Author_xml – sequence: 1
  givenname: Phillip L.
  surname: Molyneaux
  fullname: Molyneaux, Phillip L.
  organization: National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College, London, United Kingdom, National Institute for Health Research Respiratory Biomedical Research Unit, Royal Brompton Hospital, London, United Kingdom
– sequence: 2
  givenname: Michael J.
  surname: Cox
  fullname: Cox, Michael J.
  organization: National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College, London, United Kingdom
– sequence: 3
  givenname: Saffron A. G.
  surname: Willis-Owen
  fullname: Willis-Owen, Saffron A. G.
  organization: National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College, London, United Kingdom
– sequence: 4
  givenname: Patrick
  surname: Mallia
  fullname: Mallia, Patrick
  organization: National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College, London, United Kingdom, Imperial College Healthcare National Health Service Trust, London, United Kingdom; and
– sequence: 5
  givenname: Kirsty E.
  surname: Russell
  fullname: Russell, Kirsty E.
  organization: National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College, London, United Kingdom
– sequence: 6
  givenname: Anne-Marie
  surname: Russell
  fullname: Russell, Anne-Marie
  organization: National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College, London, United Kingdom, National Institute for Health Research Respiratory Biomedical Research Unit, Royal Brompton Hospital, London, United Kingdom
– sequence: 7
  givenname: Elissa
  surname: Murphy
  fullname: Murphy, Elissa
  organization: Department of Medicine, University of Colorado, Denver, Colorado
– sequence: 8
  givenname: Sebastian L.
  surname: Johnston
  fullname: Johnston, Sebastian L.
  organization: National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College, London, United Kingdom, Imperial College Healthcare National Health Service Trust, London, United Kingdom; and
– sequence: 9
  givenname: David A.
  surname: Schwartz
  fullname: Schwartz, David A.
  organization: Department of Medicine, University of Colorado, Denver, Colorado
– sequence: 10
  givenname: Athol U.
  surname: Wells
  fullname: Wells, Athol U.
  organization: National Institute for Health Research Respiratory Biomedical Research Unit, Royal Brompton Hospital, London, United Kingdom
– sequence: 11
  givenname: William O. C.
  surname: Cookson
  fullname: Cookson, William O. C.
  organization: National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College, London, United Kingdom, National Institute for Health Research Respiratory Biomedical Research Unit, Royal Brompton Hospital, London, United Kingdom
– sequence: 12
  givenname: Toby M.
  surname: Maher
  fullname: Maher, Toby M.
  organization: National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College, London, United Kingdom, National Institute for Health Research Respiratory Biomedical Research Unit, Royal Brompton Hospital, London, United Kingdom
– sequence: 13
  givenname: Miriam F.
  surname: Moffatt
  fullname: Moffatt, Miriam F.
  organization: National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College, London, United Kingdom
BackLink https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25184687$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed
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idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis
bacteria
microbiome
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Snippet Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a progressive lung disease of unknown cause that leads to respiratory failure and death within 5 years of diagnosis....
Rationale: Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a progressive lung disease of unknown cause that leads to respiratory failure and death within 5 years of...
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StartPage 906
SubjectTerms Aged
Bacteria
Bacteria - isolation & purification
Bacterial Load
Bronchoalveolar Lavage
Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid - microbiology
Bronchoscopy
Case-Control Studies
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Disease Progression
DNA, Bacterial - analysis
Female
Genes
Genetic Markers
Genotyping Techniques
Humans
Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis - genetics
Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis - microbiology
Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis - mortality
Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis - physiopathology
Infections
Lavage
Logistic Models
Lung diseases
Male
Microbiota
Middle Aged
Mortality
Mucin-5B - genetics
Original
Pathogenesis
Polymerase Chain Reaction
Polymorphism
Polymorphism, Genetic
Prospective Studies
Pulmonary fibrosis
Sequence Analysis, DNA
Taxonomy
Title The Role of Bacteria in the Pathogenesis and Progression of Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis
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Volume 190
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