Effectiveness of Preventive Therapy for Persons Exposed at Home to Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis, Karachi, Pakistan

In Karachi, Pakistan, a South Asian megacity with a high prevalence of tuberculosis (TB) and low HIV prevalence, we assessed the effectiveness of fluoroquinolone-based preventive therapy for drug-resistant (DR) TB exposure. During February 2016–March 2017, high-risk household contacts of DR TB patie...

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Vydáno v:Emerging infectious diseases Ročník 27; číslo 3; s. 805 - 812
Hlavní autoři: Malik, Amyn A., Gandhi, Neel R., Lash, Timothy L., Cranmer, Lisa M., Omer, Saad B., Ahmed, Junaid F., Siddiqui, Sara, Amanullah, Farhana, Khan, Aamir J., Keshavjee, Salmaan, Hussain, Hamidah, Becerra, Mercedes C.
Médium: Journal Article
Jazyk:angličtina
Vydáno: United States U.S. National Center for Infectious Diseases 01.03.2021
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Témata:
Age
Antibiotics
Antitubercular Agents - therapeutic use
CME
contact investigation
Diabetes
Disease prevention
Dosage and administration
Drug resistance
drug-resistant tuberculosis infection
Effectiveness of Preventive Therapy for Persons Exposed at Home to Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis, Karachi, Pakistan
fluoroquinolone
Households
Humans
latent infection
Malnutrition
Medicine, Preventive
Megacities
Methods
Mycobacterium tuberculosis
Pakistan
Patients
Prevention
Preventive health services
preventive therapy
prophylaxis
Quinolone antibacterial agents
Quinolones
Risk factors
Tuberculosis
Tuberculosis, Multidrug-Resistant - drug therapy
Pakistan
Micronesia
Karachi Pakistan
Karachi
Pakistan
bacteria
antimicrobial resistance
fluoroquinolone
preventive therapy
contact investigation
drug-resistant tuberculosis infection
tuberculosis and other mycobacteria
latent infection
prophylaxis
ISSN:1080-6040, 1080-6059, 1080-6059
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Shrnutí:In Karachi, Pakistan, a South Asian megacity with a high prevalence of tuberculosis (TB) and low HIV prevalence, we assessed the effectiveness of fluoroquinolone-based preventive therapy for drug-resistant (DR) TB exposure. During February 2016–March 2017, high-risk household contacts of DR TB patients began a 6-month course of preventive therapy with a fluoroquinolone-based, 2-drug regimen. We assessed effectiveness in this cohort by comparing the rate and risk for TB disease over 2 years to the rates and risks reported in the literature. Of 172 participants, TB occurred in 2 persons over 336 person-years of observation. TB disease incidence rate observed in the cohort was 6.0/1,000 person-years. The incidence rate ratio ranged from 0.29 (95% CI 0.04–1.3) to 0.50 (95% CI 0.06–2.8), with a pooled estimate of 0.35 (95% CI 0.14–0.87). Overall, fluoroquinolone-based preventive therapy for DR TB exposure reduced risk for TB disease by 65%.
Bibliografie:ObjectType-Article-1
SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1
ObjectType-Feature-2
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ISSN:1080-6040
1080-6059
1080-6059
DOI:10.3201/eid2703.203916