Association of internet use and depression among the spinal cord injury population

To examine the relation between the frequency of Internet use and depression among people with spinal cord injury (SCI). Cross-sectional survey. SCI Model Systems. People with SCI (N=4618) who were interviewed between 2004 and 2010. Not applicable. The frequency of Internet use and the severity of d...

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Published in:	Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitation Vol. 95; no. 2; p. 236
Main Authors:	Tsai, I-Hsuan, Graves, Daniel E, Lai, Ching-Huang, Hwang, Lu-Yu, Pompeii, Lisa A
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	United States 01.02.2014
Subjects:	Adult Cross-Sectional Studies Depression - diagnosis Female Humans Internet - utilization Male Pain Measurement Psychiatric Status Rating Scales Risk Factors Spinal Cord Injuries - psychology spinal cord injury OR CI Patient Health Questionnaire-9 NSCID Depression AIS odds ratio PHQ-9 SCI ASIA Impairment Scale Spinal cord injuries confidence interval Internet National Spinal Cord Injury Database Rehabilitation
ISSN:	1532-821X, 1532-821X
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Abstract	To examine the relation between the frequency of Internet use and depression among people with spinal cord injury (SCI). Cross-sectional survey. SCI Model Systems. People with SCI (N=4618) who were interviewed between 2004 and 2010. Not applicable. The frequency of Internet use and the severity of depressive symptoms were measured simultaneously by interview. Internet use was reported as daily, weekly, monthly, or none. The depressive symptoms were measured by the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), with 2 published criteria being used to screen for depressive disorder. The diagnostic method places more weight on nonsomatic items (ie, items 1, 2, and 9), and the cut-off method that determines depression by a (PHQ-9) score ≥10 places more weight on somatic factors. The average scores of somatic and nonsomatic items represented the severity of somatic and nonsomatic symptoms, respectively. Our multivariate logistic regression model indicated that daily Internet users were less likely to have depressive symptoms (odds ratio=.77; 95% confidence interval, .64-.93), if the diagnostic method was used. The linear multivariate regression analysis indicated that daily and weekly Internet usage were associated with fewer nonsomatic symptoms; no significant association was observed between daily or weekly Internet usage and somatic symptoms. People with SCI who used the Internet daily were less likely to have depressive symptoms.
AbstractList	To examine the relation between the frequency of Internet use and depression among people with spinal cord injury (SCI). Cross-sectional survey. SCI Model Systems. People with SCI (N=4618) who were interviewed between 2004 and 2010. Not applicable. The frequency of Internet use and the severity of depressive symptoms were measured simultaneously by interview. Internet use was reported as daily, weekly, monthly, or none. The depressive symptoms were measured by the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), with 2 published criteria being used to screen for depressive disorder. The diagnostic method places more weight on nonsomatic items (ie, items 1, 2, and 9), and the cut-off method that determines depression by a (PHQ-9) score ≥10 places more weight on somatic factors. The average scores of somatic and nonsomatic items represented the severity of somatic and nonsomatic symptoms, respectively. Our multivariate logistic regression model indicated that daily Internet users were less likely to have depressive symptoms (odds ratio=.77; 95% confidence interval, .64-.93), if the diagnostic method was used. The linear multivariate regression analysis indicated that daily and weekly Internet usage were associated with fewer nonsomatic symptoms; no significant association was observed between daily or weekly Internet usage and somatic symptoms. People with SCI who used the Internet daily were less likely to have depressive symptoms. To examine the relation between the frequency of Internet use and depression among people with spinal cord injury (SCI).OBJECTIVETo examine the relation between the frequency of Internet use and depression among people with spinal cord injury (SCI).Cross-sectional survey.DESIGNCross-sectional survey.SCI Model Systems.SETTINGSCI Model Systems.People with SCI (N=4618) who were interviewed between 2004 and 2010.PARTICIPANTSPeople with SCI (N=4618) who were interviewed between 2004 and 2010.Not applicable.INTERVENTIONSNot applicable.The frequency of Internet use and the severity of depressive symptoms were measured simultaneously by interview. Internet use was reported as daily, weekly, monthly, or none. The depressive symptoms were measured by the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), with 2 published criteria being used to screen for depressive disorder. The diagnostic method places more weight on nonsomatic items (ie, items 1, 2, and 9), and the cut-off method that determines depression by a (PHQ-9) score ≥10 places more weight on somatic factors. The average scores of somatic and nonsomatic items represented the severity of somatic and nonsomatic symptoms, respectively.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURESThe frequency of Internet use and the severity of depressive symptoms were measured simultaneously by interview. Internet use was reported as daily, weekly, monthly, or none. The depressive symptoms were measured by the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), with 2 published criteria being used to screen for depressive disorder. The diagnostic method places more weight on nonsomatic items (ie, items 1, 2, and 9), and the cut-off method that determines depression by a (PHQ-9) score ≥10 places more weight on somatic factors. The average scores of somatic and nonsomatic items represented the severity of somatic and nonsomatic symptoms, respectively.Our multivariate logistic regression model indicated that daily Internet users were less likely to have depressive symptoms (odds ratio=.77; 95% confidence interval, .64-.93), if the diagnostic method was used. The linear multivariate regression analysis indicated that daily and weekly Internet usage were associated with fewer nonsomatic symptoms; no significant association was observed between daily or weekly Internet usage and somatic symptoms.RESULTSOur multivariate logistic regression model indicated that daily Internet users were less likely to have depressive symptoms (odds ratio=.77; 95% confidence interval, .64-.93), if the diagnostic method was used. The linear multivariate regression analysis indicated that daily and weekly Internet usage were associated with fewer nonsomatic symptoms; no significant association was observed between daily or weekly Internet usage and somatic symptoms.People with SCI who used the Internet daily were less likely to have depressive symptoms.CONCLUSIONSPeople with SCI who used the Internet daily were less likely to have depressive symptoms.
Author	Tsai, I-Hsuan Pompeii, Lisa A Lai, Ching-Huang Hwang, Lu-Yu Graves, Daniel E
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Copyright	Copyright © 2014 American Congress of Rehabilitation Medicine. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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SubjectTerms	Adult Cross-Sectional Studies Depression - diagnosis Female Humans Internet - utilization Male Pain Measurement Psychiatric Status Rating Scales Risk Factors Spinal Cord Injuries - psychology
Title	Association of internet use and depression among the spinal cord injury population
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