A Theoretical Basis for the Analysis of Multiversion Software Subject to Coincident Errors
Fundamental to the development of redundant software techniques (known as fault-tolerant software) is an understanding of the impact of multiple joint occurrences of errors, referred to here as coincident errors. A theoretical basis for the study of redundant software is developed which 1) provides...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | IEEE transactions on software engineering Jg. SE-11; H. 12; S. 1511 - 1517 |
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| Format: | Journal Article |
| Sprache: | Englisch |
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IEEE
01.12.1985
Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers IEEE Computer Society |
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| ISSN: | 0098-5589, 1939-3520 |
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| Abstract | Fundamental to the development of redundant software techniques (known as fault-tolerant software) is an understanding of the impact of multiple joint occurrences of errors, referred to here as coincident errors. A theoretical basis for the study of redundant software is developed which 1) provides a probabilistic framework for empirically evaluating the effectiveness of a general multiversion strategy when component versions are subject to coincident errors, and 2) permits an analytical study of the effects of these errors. An intensity function, called the intensity of coincident errors, has a central role in this analysis. This function describes the propensity of programmers to introduce design faults in such a way that software components fail together when executing in the application environment. We give a condition under which a multiversion system is a better strategy than relying on a single version and we study some differences between the coincident errors model developed here and the model that assumes independent failures of component verions. |
|---|---|
| AbstractList | Fundamental to the development of redundant software techniques (known as fault-tolerant software) is an understanding of the impact of multiple joint occurrences of errors, referred to here as coincident errors. A theoretical basis for the study of redundant software is developed which: (1) provides a probabilistic framework for empirically evaluating the effectiveness of a general multiversion strategy when component versions are subject to coincident errors, and (2) permits an analytical study of the effects of these errors. An intensity function, called the intensity of coincident errors, has a central role in this analysis. This function describes the propensity of programmers to introduce design faults in such a way that software components fail together when executing in the application environment. A condition under which a multiversion system is a better strategy than relying on a single version is given. (Author) Multiple, joint occurrences of errors (coincident errors) can significantly affect the effectiveness of fault-tolerant software. A theoretical framework is developed for assessing the effectiveness of a multiversion programming approach to the development of fault-tolerant software under conditions of coincident error and for analyzing the impacts of coincident errors. The impacts of coincident errors will depend on an intensity function, which defines the tendency of programmers to introduce similar types of design faults such that software components will fail together during execution. A sufficient condition is derived under which a multi-version development strategy will yield improved fault tolerance over a single-version strategy. However, under high intensity of coincident error, a multiversion approach will actually lead to deterioration of fault tolerance. Finally, it is shown that fault tolerance models that assume that component versions fail independently will underestimate the number of software components needed to improve fault tolerance under coincident error. Fundamental to the development of redundant software techniques (known as fault-tolerant software) is an understanding of the impact of multiple joint occurrences of errors, referred to here as coincident errors. A theoretical basis for the study of redundant software is developed which: (1) provides a probabilistic framework for empirically evaluating the effectiveness of a general multiversion strategy when component versions are subject to coincident errors, and (2) permits an analytical study of the effects of these errors. An intensity function, called the intensity of coincident errors, has a central role in this analysis. This function describes the propensity of programmers to introduce design faults in such a way that software components fail together when executing in the application environment. A condition under which a multiversion system is a better strategy than relying on a single version is given. Fundamental to the development of redundant software techniques (known as fault-tolerant software) is an understanding of the impact of multiple joint occurrences of errors, referred to here as coincident errors. A theoretical basis for the study of redundant software is developed which 1) provides a probabilistic framework for empirically evaluating the effectiveness of a general multiversion strategy when component versions are subject to coincident errors, and 2) permits an analytical study of the effects of these errors. An intensity function, called the intensity of coincident errors, has a central role in this analysis. This function describes the propensity of programmers to introduce design faults in such a way that software components fail together when executing in the application environment. We give a condition under which a multiversion system is a better strategy than relying on a single version and we study some differences between the coincident errors model developed here and the model that assumes independent failures of component verions. Fundamental to the development of redundant software techniques (known as fault-tolerant software) is an understanding of the impact of multiple joint occurrences of errors, referred to here as coincident errors. A theoretical basis for the study of redundant software is developed which 1) provides a probabilistic framework for empirically evaluating the effectiveness of a general multiversion strategy when component versions are subject to coincident errors, and 2) permits an analytical study of the effects of these errors. An intensity function, called the intensity of coincident errors, has a central role in this analysis. |
| Audience | PUBLIC |
| Author | Lee, L.D. Eckhardt, D.E. |
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| Cites_doi | 10.1109/TSE.1980.230790 10.1109/TSE.1986.6312924 10.1145/800027.808469 10.1109/TSE.1975.6312842 |
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| Copyright | 1987 INIST-CNRS Copyright Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE) Dec 1985 |
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| References | nagel (ref10) 1982 scott (ref8) 1984 martin (ref1) 1983 taylor (ref2) 1981; 6 voges (ref3) 1982 chung (ref12) 1968 vouk (ref7) 1985 ref9 ref4 ref6 ref5 nagel (ref11) 1984 van zwet (ref13) 1964 barlow (ref14) 1975 |
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| Title | A Theoretical Basis for the Analysis of Multiversion Software Subject to Coincident Errors |
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