Effect of Colonoscopy Screening on Risks of Colorectal Cancer and Related Death

In this randomized trial involving 84,585 participants in Poland, Norway, and Sweden, the risk of colorectal cancer at 10 years was lower among those invited to undergo screening colonoscopy than among those assigned to no screening.

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Vydané v:The New England journal of medicine Ročník 387; číslo 17; s. 1547 - 1556
Hlavní autori: Bretthauer, Michael, Løberg, Magnus, Wieszczy, Paulina, Kalager, Mette, Emilsson, Louise, Garborg, Kjetil, Rupinski, Maciej, Dekker, Evelien, Spaander, Manon, Bugajski, Marek, Holme, Øyvind, Zauber, Ann G., Pilonis, Nastazja D., Mroz, Andrzej, Kuipers, Ernst J., Shi, Joy, Hernán, Miguel A., Adami, Hans-Olov, Regula, Jaroslaw, Hoff, Geir, Kaminski, Michal F.
Médium: Journal Article
Jazyk:English
Vydavateľské údaje: United States Massachusetts Medical Society 27.10.2022
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ISSN:0028-4793, 1533-4406, 1533-4406
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Abstract In this randomized trial involving 84,585 participants in Poland, Norway, and Sweden, the risk of colorectal cancer at 10 years was lower among those invited to undergo screening colonoscopy than among those assigned to no screening.
AbstractList In this randomized trial involving 84,585 participants in Poland, Norway, and Sweden, the risk of colorectal cancer at 10 years was lower among those invited to undergo screening colonoscopy than among those assigned to no screening.
Although colonoscopy is widely used as a screening test to detect colorectal cancer, its effect on the risks of colorectal cancer and related death is unclear.BACKGROUNDAlthough colonoscopy is widely used as a screening test to detect colorectal cancer, its effect on the risks of colorectal cancer and related death is unclear.We performed a pragmatic, randomized trial involving presumptively healthy men and women 55 to 64 years of age drawn from population registries in Poland, Norway, Sweden, and the Netherlands between 2009 and 2014. The participants were randomly assigned in a 1:2 ratio either to receive an invitation to undergo a single screening colonoscopy (the invited group) or to receive no invitation or screening (the usual-care group). The primary end points were the risks of colorectal cancer and related death, and the secondary end point was death from any cause.METHODSWe performed a pragmatic, randomized trial involving presumptively healthy men and women 55 to 64 years of age drawn from population registries in Poland, Norway, Sweden, and the Netherlands between 2009 and 2014. The participants were randomly assigned in a 1:2 ratio either to receive an invitation to undergo a single screening colonoscopy (the invited group) or to receive no invitation or screening (the usual-care group). The primary end points were the risks of colorectal cancer and related death, and the secondary end point was death from any cause.Follow-up data were available for 84,585 participants in Poland, Norway, and Sweden - 28,220 in the invited group, 11,843 of whom (42.0%) underwent screening, and 56,365 in the usual-care group. A total of 15 participants had major bleeding after polyp removal. No perforations or screening-related deaths occurred within 30 days after colonoscopy. During a median follow-up of 10 years, 259 cases of colorectal cancer were diagnosed in the invited group as compared with 622 cases in the usual-care group. In intention-to-screen analyses, the risk of colorectal cancer at 10 years was 0.98% in the invited group and 1.20% in the usual-care group, a risk reduction of 18% (risk ratio, 0.82; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.70 to 0.93). The risk of death from colorectal cancer was 0.28% in the invited group and 0.31% in the usual-care group (risk ratio, 0.90; 95% CI, 0.64 to 1.16). The number needed to invite to undergo screening to prevent one case of colorectal cancer was 455 (95% CI, 270 to 1429). The risk of death from any cause was 11.03% in the invited group and 11.04% in the usual-care group (risk ratio, 0.99; 95% CI, 0.96 to 1.04).RESULTSFollow-up data were available for 84,585 participants in Poland, Norway, and Sweden - 28,220 in the invited group, 11,843 of whom (42.0%) underwent screening, and 56,365 in the usual-care group. A total of 15 participants had major bleeding after polyp removal. No perforations or screening-related deaths occurred within 30 days after colonoscopy. During a median follow-up of 10 years, 259 cases of colorectal cancer were diagnosed in the invited group as compared with 622 cases in the usual-care group. In intention-to-screen analyses, the risk of colorectal cancer at 10 years was 0.98% in the invited group and 1.20% in the usual-care group, a risk reduction of 18% (risk ratio, 0.82; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.70 to 0.93). The risk of death from colorectal cancer was 0.28% in the invited group and 0.31% in the usual-care group (risk ratio, 0.90; 95% CI, 0.64 to 1.16). The number needed to invite to undergo screening to prevent one case of colorectal cancer was 455 (95% CI, 270 to 1429). The risk of death from any cause was 11.03% in the invited group and 11.04% in the usual-care group (risk ratio, 0.99; 95% CI, 0.96 to 1.04).In this randomized trial, the risk of colorectal cancer at 10 years was lower among participants who were invited to undergo screening colonoscopy than among those who were assigned to no screening. (Funded by the Research Council of Norway and others; NordICC ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT00883792.).CONCLUSIONSIn this randomized trial, the risk of colorectal cancer at 10 years was lower among participants who were invited to undergo screening colonoscopy than among those who were assigned to no screening. (Funded by the Research Council of Norway and others; NordICC ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT00883792.).
Although colonoscopy is widely used as a screening test to detect colorectal cancer, its effect on the risks of colorectal cancer and related death is unclear. We performed a pragmatic, randomized trial involving presumptively healthy men and women 55 to 64 years of age drawn from population registries in Poland, Norway, Sweden, and the Netherlands between 2009 and 2014. The participants were randomly assigned in a 1:2 ratio either to receive an invitation to undergo a single screening colonoscopy (the invited group) or to receive no invitation or screening (the usual-care group). The primary end points were the risks of colorectal cancer and related death, and the secondary end point was death from any cause. Follow-up data were available for 84,585 participants in Poland, Norway, and Sweden - 28,220 in the invited group, 11,843 of whom (42.0%) underwent screening, and 56,365 in the usual-care group. A total of 15 participants had major bleeding after polyp removal. No perforations or screening-related deaths occurred within 30 days after colonoscopy. During a median follow-up of 10 years, 259 cases of colorectal cancer were diagnosed in the invited group as compared with 622 cases in the usual-care group. In intention-to-screen analyses, the risk of colorectal cancer at 10 years was 0.98% in the invited group and 1.20% in the usual-care group, a risk reduction of 18% (risk ratio, 0.82; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.70 to 0.93). The risk of death from colorectal cancer was 0.28% in the invited group and 0.31% in the usual-care group (risk ratio, 0.90; 95% CI, 0.64 to 1.16). The number needed to invite to undergo screening to prevent one case of colorectal cancer was 455 (95% CI, 270 to 1429). The risk of death from any cause was 11.03% in the invited group and 11.04% in the usual-care group (risk ratio, 0.99; 95% CI, 0.96 to 1.04). In this randomized trial, the risk of colorectal cancer at 10 years was lower among participants who were invited to undergo screening colonoscopy than among those who were assigned to no screening. (Funded by the Research Council of Norway and others; NordICC ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT00883792.).
AbstractBackgroundAlthough colonoscopy is widely used as a screening test to detect colorectal cancer, its effect on the risks of colorectal cancer and related death is unclear.MethodsWe performed a pragmatic, randomized trial involving presumptively healthy men and women 55 to 64 years of age drawn from population registries in Poland, Norway, Sweden, and the Netherlands between 2009 and 2014. The participants were randomly assigned in a 1:2 ratio either to receive an invitation to undergo a single screening colonoscopy (the invited group) or to receive no invitation or screening (the usual-care group). The primary end points were the risks of colorectal cancer and related death, and the secondary end point was death from any cause.ResultsFollow-up data were available for 84,585 participants in Poland, Norway, and Sweden — 28,220 in the invited group, 11,843 of whom (42.0%) underwent screening, and 56,365 in the usual-care group. A total of 15 participants had major bleeding after polyp removal. No perforations or screening-related deaths occurred within 30 days after colonoscopy. During a median follow-up of 10 years, 259 cases of colorectal cancer were diagnosed in the invited group as compared with 622 cases in the usual-care group. In intention-to-screen analyses, the risk of colorectal cancer at 10 years was 0.98% in the invited group and 1.20% in the usual-care group, a risk reduction of 18% (risk ratio, 0.82; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.70 to 0.93). The risk of death from colorectal cancer was 0.28% in the invited group and 0.31% in the usual-care group (risk ratio, 0.90; 95% CI, 0.64 to 1.16). The number needed to invite to undergo screening to prevent one case of colorectal cancer was 455 (95% CI, 270 to 1429). The risk of death from any cause was 11.03% in the invited group and 11.04% in the usual-care group (risk ratio, 0.99; 95% CI, 0.96 to 1.04).ConclusionsIn this randomized trial, the risk of colorectal cancer at 10 years was lower among participants who were invited to undergo screening colonoscopy than among those who were assigned to no screening. (Funded by the Research Council of Norway and others; NordICC ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT00883792.)
Author Adami, Hans-Olov
Hoff, Geir
Emilsson, Louise
Wieszczy, Paulina
Holme, Øyvind
Hernán, Miguel A.
Kuipers, Ernst J.
Kaminski, Michal F.
Zauber, Ann G.
Bugajski, Marek
Regula, Jaroslaw
Rupinski, Maciej
Pilonis, Nastazja D.
Kalager, Mette
Spaander, Manon
Løberg, Magnus
Dekker, Evelien
Mroz, Andrzej
Bretthauer, Michael
Shi, Joy
Garborg, Kjetil
Author_xml – sequence: 1
  givenname: Michael
  surname: Bretthauer
  fullname: Bretthauer, Michael
  organization: From the Clinical Effectiveness Research Group (M. Bretthauer, M.L., P.W., M.K., K.G., M. Bugajski, Ø.H., H.-O.A., M.F.K.) and the Department of General Practice, Institute of Health and Society (L.E.), University of Oslo, the Clinical Effectiveness Research Group, Department of Transplantation Medicine, Oslo University Hospital (M. Bretthauer, M.L., M.K., K.G., Ø.H., H.-O.A.), and the Cancer Registry of Norway (G.H.), Oslo, the Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Tromsø, Tromsø (M. Bretthauer), and the Department of Research and Development, Telemark Hospital, Skien (G.H.) — all in Norway; the Department of Gastroenterological Oncology, Maria Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology (P.W., M.R., M. Bugajski, N.D.P., A.M., J.R., M.F.K.), and the Departments of Pathology (A.M.) and Gastroenterological Oncology (P.W., M.R., M. Bugajski, N.D.P., A.M., J.R., M.F.K.), Medical Center of Postgraduate Education — both in Warsaw, Poland; Vårdcentralen Värmlands Nysäter and the Center for Clinical Research, County Council of Värmland, Karlsdad (L.E.), and the Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Solna (L.E., H.-O.A.) — both in Sweden; the Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, and the University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam (E.D.), and the Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam (M.S., E.J.K.) — all in the Netherlands; the Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York (A.G.Z.); and CAUSALab, Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston (J.S., M.A.H.)
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  givenname: Magnus
  surname: Løberg
  fullname: Løberg, Magnus
  organization: From the Clinical Effectiveness Research Group (M. Bretthauer, M.L., P.W., M.K., K.G., M. Bugajski, Ø.H., H.-O.A., M.F.K.) and the Department of General Practice, Institute of Health and Society (L.E.), University of Oslo, the Clinical Effectiveness Research Group, Department of Transplantation Medicine, Oslo University Hospital (M. Bretthauer, M.L., M.K., K.G., Ø.H., H.-O.A.), and the Cancer Registry of Norway (G.H.), Oslo, the Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Tromsø, Tromsø (M. Bretthauer), and the Department of Research and Development, Telemark Hospital, Skien (G.H.) — all in Norway; the Department of Gastroenterological Oncology, Maria Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology (P.W., M.R., M. Bugajski, N.D.P., A.M., J.R., M.F.K.), and the Departments of Pathology (A.M.) and Gastroenterological Oncology (P.W., M.R., M. Bugajski, N.D.P., A.M., J.R., M.F.K.), Medical Center of Postgraduate Education — both in Warsaw, Poland; Vårdcentralen Värmlands Nysäter and the Center for Clinical Research, County Council of Värmland, Karlsdad (L.E.), and the Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Solna (L.E., H.-O.A.) — both in Sweden; the Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, and the University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam (E.D.), and the Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam (M.S., E.J.K.) — all in the Netherlands; the Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York (A.G.Z.); and CAUSALab, Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston (J.S., M.A.H.)
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  givenname: Paulina
  surname: Wieszczy
  fullname: Wieszczy, Paulina
  organization: From the Clinical Effectiveness Research Group (M. Bretthauer, M.L., P.W., M.K., K.G., M. Bugajski, Ø.H., H.-O.A., M.F.K.) and the Department of General Practice, Institute of Health and Society (L.E.), University of Oslo, the Clinical Effectiveness Research Group, Department of Transplantation Medicine, Oslo University Hospital (M. Bretthauer, M.L., M.K., K.G., Ø.H., H.-O.A.), and the Cancer Registry of Norway (G.H.), Oslo, the Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Tromsø, Tromsø (M. Bretthauer), and the Department of Research and Development, Telemark Hospital, Skien (G.H.) — all in Norway; the Department of Gastroenterological Oncology, Maria Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology (P.W., M.R., M. Bugajski, N.D.P., A.M., J.R., M.F.K.), and the Departments of Pathology (A.M.) and Gastroenterological Oncology (P.W., M.R., M. Bugajski, N.D.P., A.M., J.R., M.F.K.), Medical Center of Postgraduate Education — both in Warsaw, Poland; Vårdcentralen Värmlands Nysäter and the Center for Clinical Research, County Council of Värmland, Karlsdad (L.E.), and the Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Solna (L.E., H.-O.A.) — both in Sweden; the Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, and the University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam (E.D.), and the Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam (M.S., E.J.K.) — all in the Netherlands; the Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York (A.G.Z.); and CAUSALab, Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston (J.S., M.A.H.)
– sequence: 4
  givenname: Mette
  surname: Kalager
  fullname: Kalager, Mette
  organization: From the Clinical Effectiveness Research Group (M. Bretthauer, M.L., P.W., M.K., K.G., M. Bugajski, Ø.H., H.-O.A., M.F.K.) and the Department of General Practice, Institute of Health and Society (L.E.), University of Oslo, the Clinical Effectiveness Research Group, Department of Transplantation Medicine, Oslo University Hospital (M. Bretthauer, M.L., M.K., K.G., Ø.H., H.-O.A.), and the Cancer Registry of Norway (G.H.), Oslo, the Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Tromsø, Tromsø (M. Bretthauer), and the Department of Research and Development, Telemark Hospital, Skien (G.H.) — all in Norway; the Department of Gastroenterological Oncology, Maria Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology (P.W., M.R., M. Bugajski, N.D.P., A.M., J.R., M.F.K.), and the Departments of Pathology (A.M.) and Gastroenterological Oncology (P.W., M.R., M. Bugajski, N.D.P., A.M., J.R., M.F.K.), Medical Center of Postgraduate Education — both in Warsaw, Poland; Vårdcentralen Värmlands Nysäter and the Center for Clinical Research, County Council of Värmland, Karlsdad (L.E.), and the Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Solna (L.E., H.-O.A.) — both in Sweden; the Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, and the University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam (E.D.), and the Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam (M.S., E.J.K.) — all in the Netherlands; the Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York (A.G.Z.); and CAUSALab, Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston (J.S., M.A.H.)
– sequence: 5
  givenname: Louise
  orcidid: 0000-0001-9137-2800
  surname: Emilsson
  fullname: Emilsson, Louise
  organization: From the Clinical Effectiveness Research Group (M. Bretthauer, M.L., P.W., M.K., K.G., M. Bugajski, Ø.H., H.-O.A., M.F.K.) and the Department of General Practice, Institute of Health and Society (L.E.), University of Oslo, the Clinical Effectiveness Research Group, Department of Transplantation Medicine, Oslo University Hospital (M. Bretthauer, M.L., M.K., K.G., Ø.H., H.-O.A.), and the Cancer Registry of Norway (G.H.), Oslo, the Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Tromsø, Tromsø (M. Bretthauer), and the Department of Research and Development, Telemark Hospital, Skien (G.H.) — all in Norway; the Department of Gastroenterological Oncology, Maria Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology (P.W., M.R., M. Bugajski, N.D.P., A.M., J.R., M.F.K.), and the Departments of Pathology (A.M.) and Gastroenterological Oncology (P.W., M.R., M. Bugajski, N.D.P., A.M., J.R., M.F.K.), Medical Center of Postgraduate Education — both in Warsaw, Poland; Vårdcentralen Värmlands Nysäter and the Center for Clinical Research, County Council of Värmland, Karlsdad (L.E.), and the Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Solna (L.E., H.-O.A.) — both in Sweden; the Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, and the University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam (E.D.), and the Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam (M.S., E.J.K.) — all in the Netherlands; the Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York (A.G.Z.); and CAUSALab, Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston (J.S., M.A.H.)
– sequence: 6
  givenname: Kjetil
  surname: Garborg
  fullname: Garborg, Kjetil
  organization: From the Clinical Effectiveness Research Group (M. Bretthauer, M.L., P.W., M.K., K.G., M. Bugajski, Ø.H., H.-O.A., M.F.K.) and the Department of General Practice, Institute of Health and Society (L.E.), University of Oslo, the Clinical Effectiveness Research Group, Department of Transplantation Medicine, Oslo University Hospital (M. Bretthauer, M.L., M.K., K.G., Ø.H., H.-O.A.), and the Cancer Registry of Norway (G.H.), Oslo, the Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Tromsø, Tromsø (M. Bretthauer), and the Department of Research and Development, Telemark Hospital, Skien (G.H.) — all in Norway; the Department of Gastroenterological Oncology, Maria Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology (P.W., M.R., M. Bugajski, N.D.P., A.M., J.R., M.F.K.), and the Departments of Pathology (A.M.) and Gastroenterological Oncology (P.W., M.R., M. Bugajski, N.D.P., A.M., J.R., M.F.K.), Medical Center of Postgraduate Education — both in Warsaw, Poland; Vårdcentralen Värmlands Nysäter and the Center for Clinical Research, County Council of Värmland, Karlsdad (L.E.), and the Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Solna (L.E., H.-O.A.) — both in Sweden; the Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, and the University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam (E.D.), and the Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam (M.S., E.J.K.) — all in the Netherlands; the Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York (A.G.Z.); and CAUSALab, Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston (J.S., M.A.H.)
– sequence: 7
  givenname: Maciej
  surname: Rupinski
  fullname: Rupinski, Maciej
  organization: From the Clinical Effectiveness Research Group (M. Bretthauer, M.L., P.W., M.K., K.G., M. Bugajski, Ø.H., H.-O.A., M.F.K.) and the Department of General Practice, Institute of Health and Society (L.E.), University of Oslo, the Clinical Effectiveness Research Group, Department of Transplantation Medicine, Oslo University Hospital (M. Bretthauer, M.L., M.K., K.G., Ø.H., H.-O.A.), and the Cancer Registry of Norway (G.H.), Oslo, the Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Tromsø, Tromsø (M. Bretthauer), and the Department of Research and Development, Telemark Hospital, Skien (G.H.) — all in Norway; the Department of Gastroenterological Oncology, Maria Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology (P.W., M.R., M. Bugajski, N.D.P., A.M., J.R., M.F.K.), and the Departments of Pathology (A.M.) and Gastroenterological Oncology (P.W., M.R., M. Bugajski, N.D.P., A.M., J.R., M.F.K.), Medical Center of Postgraduate Education — both in Warsaw, Poland; Vårdcentralen Värmlands Nysäter and the Center for Clinical Research, County Council of Värmland, Karlsdad (L.E.), and the Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Solna (L.E., H.-O.A.) — both in Sweden; the Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, and the University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam (E.D.), and the Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam (M.S., E.J.K.) — all in the Netherlands; the Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York (A.G.Z.); and CAUSALab, Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston (J.S., M.A.H.)
– sequence: 8
  givenname: Evelien
  surname: Dekker
  fullname: Dekker, Evelien
  organization: From the Clinical Effectiveness Research Group (M. Bretthauer, M.L., P.W., M.K., K.G., M. Bugajski, Ø.H., H.-O.A., M.F.K.) and the Department of General Practice, Institute of Health and Society (L.E.), University of Oslo, the Clinical Effectiveness Research Group, Department of Transplantation Medicine, Oslo University Hospital (M. Bretthauer, M.L., M.K., K.G., Ø.H., H.-O.A.), and the Cancer Registry of Norway (G.H.), Oslo, the Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Tromsø, Tromsø (M. Bretthauer), and the Department of Research and Development, Telemark Hospital, Skien (G.H.) — all in Norway; the Department of Gastroenterological Oncology, Maria Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology (P.W., M.R., M. Bugajski, N.D.P., A.M., J.R., M.F.K.), and the Departments of Pathology (A.M.) and Gastroenterological Oncology (P.W., M.R., M. Bugajski, N.D.P., A.M., J.R., M.F.K.), Medical Center of Postgraduate Education — both in Warsaw, Poland; Vårdcentralen Värmlands Nysäter and the Center for Clinical Research, County Council of Värmland, Karlsdad (L.E.), and the Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Solna (L.E., H.-O.A.) — both in Sweden; the Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, and the University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam (E.D.), and the Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam (M.S., E.J.K.) — all in the Netherlands; the Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York (A.G.Z.); and CAUSALab, Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston (J.S., M.A.H.)
– sequence: 9
  givenname: Manon
  surname: Spaander
  fullname: Spaander, Manon
  organization: From the Clinical Effectiveness Research Group (M. Bretthauer, M.L., P.W., M.K., K.G., M. Bugajski, Ø.H., H.-O.A., M.F.K.) and the Department of General Practice, Institute of Health and Society (L.E.), University of Oslo, the Clinical Effectiveness Research Group, Department of Transplantation Medicine, Oslo University Hospital (M. Bretthauer, M.L., M.K., K.G., Ø.H., H.-O.A.), and the Cancer Registry of Norway (G.H.), Oslo, the Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Tromsø, Tromsø (M. Bretthauer), and the Department of Research and Development, Telemark Hospital, Skien (G.H.) — all in Norway; the Department of Gastroenterological Oncology, Maria Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology (P.W., M.R., M. Bugajski, N.D.P., A.M., J.R., M.F.K.), and the Departments of Pathology (A.M.) and Gastroenterological Oncology (P.W., M.R., M. Bugajski, N.D.P., A.M., J.R., M.F.K.), Medical Center of Postgraduate Education — both in Warsaw, Poland; Vårdcentralen Värmlands Nysäter and the Center for Clinical Research, County Council of Värmland, Karlsdad (L.E.), and the Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Solna (L.E., H.-O.A.) — both in Sweden; the Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, and the University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam (E.D.), and the Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam (M.S., E.J.K.) — all in the Netherlands; the Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York (A.G.Z.); and CAUSALab, Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston (J.S., M.A.H.)
– sequence: 10
  givenname: Marek
  surname: Bugajski
  fullname: Bugajski, Marek
  organization: From the Clinical Effectiveness Research Group (M. Bretthauer, M.L., P.W., M.K., K.G., M. Bugajski, Ø.H., H.-O.A., M.F.K.) and the Department of General Practice, Institute of Health and Society (L.E.), University of Oslo, the Clinical Effectiveness Research Group, Department of Transplantation Medicine, Oslo University Hospital (M. Bretthauer, M.L., M.K., K.G., Ø.H., H.-O.A.), and the Cancer Registry of Norway (G.H.), Oslo, the Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Tromsø, Tromsø (M. Bretthauer), and the Department of Research and Development, Telemark Hospital, Skien (G.H.) — all in Norway; the Department of Gastroenterological Oncology, Maria Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology (P.W., M.R., M. Bugajski, N.D.P., A.M., J.R., M.F.K.), and the Departments of Pathology (A.M.) and Gastroenterological Oncology (P.W., M.R., M. Bugajski, N.D.P., A.M., J.R., M.F.K.), Medical Center of Postgraduate Education — both in Warsaw, Poland; Vårdcentralen Värmlands Nysäter and the Center for Clinical Research, County Council of Värmland, Karlsdad (L.E.), and the Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Solna (L.E., H.-O.A.) — both in Sweden; the Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, and the University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam (E.D.), and the Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam (M.S., E.J.K.) — all in the Netherlands; the Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York (A.G.Z.); and CAUSALab, Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston (J.S., M.A.H.)
– sequence: 11
  givenname: Øyvind
  surname: Holme
  fullname: Holme, Øyvind
  organization: From the Clinical Effectiveness Research Group (M. Bretthauer, M.L., P.W., M.K., K.G., M. Bugajski, Ø.H., H.-O.A., M.F.K.) and the Department of General Practice, Institute of Health and Society (L.E.), University of Oslo, the Clinical Effectiveness Research Group, Department of Transplantation Medicine, Oslo University Hospital (M. Bretthauer, M.L., M.K., K.G., Ø.H., H.-O.A.), and the Cancer Registry of Norway (G.H.), Oslo, the Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Tromsø, Tromsø (M. Bretthauer), and the Department of Research and Development, Telemark Hospital, Skien (G.H.) — all in Norway; the Department of Gastroenterological Oncology, Maria Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology (P.W., M.R., M. Bugajski, N.D.P., A.M., J.R., M.F.K.), and the Departments of Pathology (A.M.) and Gastroenterological Oncology (P.W., M.R., M. Bugajski, N.D.P., A.M., J.R., M.F.K.), Medical Center of Postgraduate Education — both in Warsaw, Poland; Vårdcentralen Värmlands Nysäter and the Center for Clinical Research, County Council of Värmland, Karlsdad (L.E.), and the Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Solna (L.E., H.-O.A.) — both in Sweden; the Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, and the University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam (E.D.), and the Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam (M.S., E.J.K.) — all in the Netherlands; the Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York (A.G.Z.); and CAUSALab, Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston (J.S., M.A.H.)
– sequence: 12
  givenname: Ann G.
  surname: Zauber
  fullname: Zauber, Ann G.
  organization: From the Clinical Effectiveness Research Group (M. Bretthauer, M.L., P.W., M.K., K.G., M. Bugajski, Ø.H., H.-O.A., M.F.K.) and the Department of General Practice, Institute of Health and Society (L.E.), University of Oslo, the Clinical Effectiveness Research Group, Department of Transplantation Medicine, Oslo University Hospital (M. Bretthauer, M.L., M.K., K.G., Ø.H., H.-O.A.), and the Cancer Registry of Norway (G.H.), Oslo, the Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Tromsø, Tromsø (M. Bretthauer), and the Department of Research and Development, Telemark Hospital, Skien (G.H.) — all in Norway; the Department of Gastroenterological Oncology, Maria Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology (P.W., M.R., M. Bugajski, N.D.P., A.M., J.R., M.F.K.), and the Departments of Pathology (A.M.) and Gastroenterological Oncology (P.W., M.R., M. Bugajski, N.D.P., A.M., J.R., M.F.K.), Medical Center of Postgraduate Education — both in Warsaw, Poland; Vårdcentralen Värmlands Nysäter and the Center for Clinical Research, County Council of Värmland, Karlsdad (L.E.), and the Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Solna (L.E., H.-O.A.) — both in Sweden; the Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, and the University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam (E.D.), and the Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam (M.S., E.J.K.) — all in the Netherlands; the Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York (A.G.Z.); and CAUSALab, Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston (J.S., M.A.H.)
– sequence: 13
  givenname: Nastazja D.
  surname: Pilonis
  fullname: Pilonis, Nastazja D.
  organization: From the Clinical Effectiveness Research Group (M. Bretthauer, M.L., P.W., M.K., K.G., M. Bugajski, Ø.H., H.-O.A., M.F.K.) and the Department of General Practice, Institute of Health and Society (L.E.), University of Oslo, the Clinical Effectiveness Research Group, Department of Transplantation Medicine, Oslo University Hospital (M. Bretthauer, M.L., M.K., K.G., Ø.H., H.-O.A.), and the Cancer Registry of Norway (G.H.), Oslo, the Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Tromsø, Tromsø (M. Bretthauer), and the Department of Research and Development, Telemark Hospital, Skien (G.H.) — all in Norway; the Department of Gastroenterological Oncology, Maria Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology (P.W., M.R., M. Bugajski, N.D.P., A.M., J.R., M.F.K.), and the Departments of Pathology (A.M.) and Gastroenterological Oncology (P.W., M.R., M. Bugajski, N.D.P., A.M., J.R., M.F.K.), Medical Center of Postgraduate Education — both in Warsaw, Poland; Vårdcentralen Värmlands Nysäter and the Center for Clinical Research, County Council of Värmland, Karlsdad (L.E.), and the Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Solna (L.E., H.-O.A.) — both in Sweden; the Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, and the University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam (E.D.), and the Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam (M.S., E.J.K.) — all in the Netherlands; the Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York (A.G.Z.); and CAUSALab, Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston (J.S., M.A.H.)
– sequence: 14
  givenname: Andrzej
  surname: Mroz
  fullname: Mroz, Andrzej
  organization: From the Clinical Effectiveness Research Group (M. Bretthauer, M.L., P.W., M.K., K.G., M. Bugajski, Ø.H., H.-O.A., M.F.K.) and the Department of General Practice, Institute of Health and Society (L.E.), University of Oslo, the Clinical Effectiveness Research Group, Department of Transplantation Medicine, Oslo University Hospital (M. Bretthauer, M.L., M.K., K.G., Ø.H., H.-O.A.), and the Cancer Registry of Norway (G.H.), Oslo, the Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Tromsø, Tromsø (M. Bretthauer), and the Department of Research and Development, Telemark Hospital, Skien (G.H.) — all in Norway; the Department of Gastroenterological Oncology, Maria Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology (P.W., M.R., M. Bugajski, N.D.P., A.M., J.R., M.F.K.), and the Departments of Pathology (A.M.) and Gastroenterological Oncology (P.W., M.R., M. Bugajski, N.D.P., A.M., J.R., M.F.K.), Medical Center of Postgraduate Education — both in Warsaw, Poland; Vårdcentralen Värmlands Nysäter and the Center for Clinical Research, County Council of Värmland, Karlsdad (L.E.), and the Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Solna (L.E., H.-O.A.) — both in Sweden; the Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, and the University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam (E.D.), and the Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam (M.S., E.J.K.) — all in the Netherlands; the Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York (A.G.Z.); and CAUSALab, Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston (J.S., M.A.H.)
– sequence: 15
  givenname: Ernst J.
  surname: Kuipers
  fullname: Kuipers, Ernst J.
  organization: From the Clinical Effectiveness Research Group (M. Bretthauer, M.L., P.W., M.K., K.G., M. Bugajski, Ø.H., H.-O.A., M.F.K.) and the Department of General Practice, Institute of Health and Society (L.E.), University of Oslo, the Clinical Effectiveness Research Group, Department of Transplantation Medicine, Oslo University Hospital (M. Bretthauer, M.L., M.K., K.G., Ø.H., H.-O.A.), and the Cancer Registry of Norway (G.H.), Oslo, the Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Tromsø, Tromsø (M. Bretthauer), and the Department of Research and Development, Telemark Hospital, Skien (G.H.) — all in Norway; the Department of Gastroenterological Oncology, Maria Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology (P.W., M.R., M. Bugajski, N.D.P., A.M., J.R., M.F.K.), and the Departments of Pathology (A.M.) and Gastroenterological Oncology (P.W., M.R., M. Bugajski, N.D.P., A.M., J.R., M.F.K.), Medical Center of Postgraduate Education — both in Warsaw, Poland; Vårdcentralen Värmlands Nysäter and the Center for Clinical Research, County Council of Värmland, Karlsdad (L.E.), and the Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Solna (L.E., H.-O.A.) — both in Sweden; the Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, and the University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam (E.D.), and the Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam (M.S., E.J.K.) — all in the Netherlands; the Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York (A.G.Z.); and CAUSALab, Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston (J.S., M.A.H.)
– sequence: 16
  givenname: Joy
  surname: Shi
  fullname: Shi, Joy
  organization: From the Clinical Effectiveness Research Group (M. Bretthauer, M.L., P.W., M.K., K.G., M. Bugajski, Ø.H., H.-O.A., M.F.K.) and the Department of General Practice, Institute of Health and Society (L.E.), University of Oslo, the Clinical Effectiveness Research Group, Department of Transplantation Medicine, Oslo University Hospital (M. Bretthauer, M.L., M.K., K.G., Ø.H., H.-O.A.), and the Cancer Registry of Norway (G.H.), Oslo, the Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Tromsø, Tromsø (M. Bretthauer), and the Department of Research and Development, Telemark Hospital, Skien (G.H.) — all in Norway; the Department of Gastroenterological Oncology, Maria Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology (P.W., M.R., M. Bugajski, N.D.P., A.M., J.R., M.F.K.), and the Departments of Pathology (A.M.) and Gastroenterological Oncology (P.W., M.R., M. Bugajski, N.D.P., A.M., J.R., M.F.K.), Medical Center of Postgraduate Education — both in Warsaw, Poland; Vårdcentralen Värmlands Nysäter and the Center for Clinical Research, County Council of Värmland, Karlsdad (L.E.), and the Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Solna (L.E., H.-O.A.) — both in Sweden; the Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, and the University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam (E.D.), and the Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam (M.S., E.J.K.) — all in the Netherlands; the Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York (A.G.Z.); and CAUSALab, Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston (J.S., M.A.H.)
– sequence: 17
  givenname: Miguel A.
  orcidid: 0000-0003-1619-8456
  surname: Hernán
  fullname: Hernán, Miguel A.
  organization: From the Clinical Effectiveness Research Group (M. Bretthauer, M.L., P.W., M.K., K.G., M. Bugajski, Ø.H., H.-O.A., M.F.K.) and the Department of General Practice, Institute of Health and Society (L.E.), University of Oslo, the Clinical Effectiveness Research Group, Department of Transplantation Medicine, Oslo University Hospital (M. Bretthauer, M.L., M.K., K.G., Ø.H., H.-O.A.), and the Cancer Registry of Norway (G.H.), Oslo, the Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Tromsø, Tromsø (M. Bretthauer), and the Department of Research and Development, Telemark Hospital, Skien (G.H.) — all in Norway; the Department of Gastroenterological Oncology, Maria Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology (P.W., M.R., M. Bugajski, N.D.P., A.M., J.R., M.F.K.), and the Departments of Pathology (A.M.) and Gastroenterological Oncology (P.W., M.R., M. Bugajski, N.D.P., A.M., J.R., M.F.K.), Medical Center of Postgraduate Education — both in Warsaw, Poland; Vårdcentralen Värmlands Nysäter and the Center for Clinical Research, County Council of Värmland, Karlsdad (L.E.), and the Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Solna (L.E., H.-O.A.) — both in Sweden; the Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, and the University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam (E.D.), and the Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam (M.S., E.J.K.) — all in the Netherlands; the Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York (A.G.Z.); and CAUSALab, Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston (J.S., M.A.H.)
– sequence: 18
  givenname: Hans-Olov
  surname: Adami
  fullname: Adami, Hans-Olov
  organization: From the Clinical Effectiveness Research Group (M. Bretthauer, M.L., P.W., M.K., K.G., M. Bugajski, Ø.H., H.-O.A., M.F.K.) and the Department of General Practice, Institute of Health and Society (L.E.), University of Oslo, the Clinical Effectiveness Research Group, Department of Transplantation Medicine, Oslo University Hospital (M. Bretthauer, M.L., M.K., K.G., Ø.H., H.-O.A.), and the Cancer Registry of Norway (G.H.), Oslo, the Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Tromsø, Tromsø (M. Bretthauer), and the Department of Research and Development, Telemark Hospital, Skien (G.H.) — all in Norway; the Department of Gastroenterological Oncology, Maria Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology (P.W., M.R., M. Bugajski, N.D.P., A.M., J.R., M.F.K.), and the Departments of Pathology (A.M.) and Gastroenterological Oncology (P.W., M.R., M. Bugajski, N.D.P., A.M., J.R., M.F.K.), Medical Center of Postgraduate Education — both in Warsaw, Poland; Vårdcentralen Värmlands Nysäter and the Center for Clinical Research, County Council of Värmland, Karlsdad (L.E.), and the Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Solna (L.E., H.-O.A.) — both in Sweden; the Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, and the University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam (E.D.), and the Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam (M.S., E.J.K.) — all in the Netherlands; the Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York (A.G.Z.); and CAUSALab, Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston (J.S., M.A.H.)
– sequence: 19
  givenname: Jaroslaw
  surname: Regula
  fullname: Regula, Jaroslaw
  organization: From the Clinical Effectiveness Research Group (M. Bretthauer, M.L., P.W., M.K., K.G., M. Bugajski, Ø.H., H.-O.A., M.F.K.) and the Department of General Practice, Institute of Health and Society (L.E.), University of Oslo, the Clinical Effectiveness Research Group, Department of Transplantation Medicine, Oslo University Hospital (M. Bretthauer, M.L., M.K., K.G., Ø.H., H.-O.A.), and the Cancer Registry of Norway (G.H.), Oslo, the Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Tromsø, Tromsø (M. Bretthauer), and the Department of Research and Development, Telemark Hospital, Skien (G.H.) — all in Norway; the Department of Gastroenterological Oncology, Maria Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology (P.W., M.R., M. Bugajski, N.D.P., A.M., J.R., M.F.K.), and the Departments of Pathology (A.M.) and Gastroenterological Oncology (P.W., M.R., M. Bugajski, N.D.P., A.M., J.R., M.F.K.), Medical Center of Postgraduate Education — both in Warsaw, Poland; Vårdcentralen Värmlands Nysäter and the Center for Clinical Research, County Council of Värmland, Karlsdad (L.E.), and the Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Solna (L.E., H.-O.A.) — both in Sweden; the Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, and the University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam (E.D.), and the Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam (M.S., E.J.K.) — all in the Netherlands; the Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York (A.G.Z.); and CAUSALab, Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston (J.S., M.A.H.)
– sequence: 20
  givenname: Geir
  surname: Hoff
  fullname: Hoff, Geir
  organization: From the Clinical Effectiveness Research Group (M. Bretthauer, M.L., P.W., M.K., K.G., M. Bugajski, Ø.H., H.-O.A., M.F.K.) and the Department of General Practice, Institute of Health and Society (L.E.), University of Oslo, the Clinical Effectiveness Research Group, Department of Transplantation Medicine, Oslo University Hospital (M. Bretthauer, M.L., M.K., K.G., Ø.H., H.-O.A.), and the Cancer Registry of Norway (G.H.), Oslo, the Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Tromsø, Tromsø (M. Bretthauer), and the Department of Research and Development, Telemark Hospital, Skien (G.H.) — all in Norway; the Department of Gastroenterological Oncology, Maria Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology (P.W., M.R., M. Bugajski, N.D.P., A.M., J.R., M.F.K.), and the Departments of Pathology (A.M.) and Gastroenterological Oncology (P.W., M.R., M. Bugajski, N.D.P., A.M., J.R., M.F.K.), Medical Center of Postgraduate Education — both in Warsaw, Poland; Vårdcentralen Värmlands Nysäter and the Center for Clinical Research, County Council of Värmland, Karlsdad (L.E.), and the Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Solna (L.E., H.-O.A.) — both in Sweden; the Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, and the University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam (E.D.), and the Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam (M.S., E.J.K.) — all in the Netherlands; the Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York (A.G.Z.); and CAUSALab, Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston (J.S., M.A.H.)
– sequence: 21
  givenname: Michal F.
  surname: Kaminski
  fullname: Kaminski, Michal F.
  organization: From the Clinical Effectiveness Research Group (M. Bretthauer, M.L., P.W., M.K., K.G., M. Bugajski, Ø.H., H.-O.A., M.F.K.) and the Department of General Practice, Institute of Health and Society (L.E.), University of Oslo, the Clinical Effectiveness Research Group, Department of Transplantation Medicine, Oslo University Hospital (M. Bretthauer, M.L., M.K., K.G., Ø.H., H.-O.A.), and the Cancer Registry of Norway (G.H.), Oslo, the Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Tromsø, Tromsø (M. Bretthauer), and the Department of Research and Development, Telemark Hospital, Skien (G.H.) — all in Norway; the Department of Gastroenterological Oncology, Maria Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology (P.W., M.R., M. Bugajski, N.D.P., A.M., J.R., M.F.K.), and the Departments of Pathology (A.M.) and Gastroenterological Oncology (P.W., M.R., M. Bugajski, N.D.P., A.M., J.R., M.F.K.), Medical Center of Postgraduate Education — both in Warsaw, Poland; Vårdcentralen Värmlands Nysäter and the Center for Clinical Research, County Council of Värmland, Karlsdad (L.E.), and the Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Solna (L.E., H.-O.A.) — both in Sweden; the Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, and the University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam (E.D.), and the Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam (M.S., E.J.K.) — all in the Netherlands; the Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York (A.G.Z.); and CAUSALab, Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston (J.S., M.A.H.)
BackLink https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36214590$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed
http://kipublications.ki.se/Default.aspx?queryparsed=id:151330416$$DView record from Swedish Publication Index (Karolinska Institutet)
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Snippet In this randomized trial involving 84,585 participants in Poland, Norway, and Sweden, the risk of colorectal cancer at 10 years was lower among those invited...
Although colonoscopy is widely used as a screening test to detect colorectal cancer, its effect on the risks of colorectal cancer and related death is unclear....
AbstractBackgroundAlthough colonoscopy is widely used as a screening test to detect colorectal cancer, its effect on the risks of colorectal cancer and related...
Although colonoscopy is widely used as a screening test to detect colorectal cancer, its effect on the risks of colorectal cancer and related death is...
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StartPage 1547
SubjectTerms Cancer
Clinical Medicine
Clinical Medicine General
Colonic Polyps - diagnosis
Colonic Polyps - epidemiology
Colonic Polyps - surgery
Colonoscopy
Colonoscopy - adverse effects
Colonoscopy - methods
Colonoscopy - statistics & numerical data
Colorectal cancer
Colorectal carcinoma
Colorectal Neoplasms - diagnosis
Colorectal Neoplasms - epidemiology
Colorectal Neoplasms - mortality
Death
Early Detection of Cancer - adverse effects
Early Detection of Cancer - methods
Early Detection of Cancer - statistics & numerical data
Endoscopy
Ethics
Europe - epidemiology
Feces
Female
Follow-Up Studies
Gastroenterology
Gastrointestinal Tract Cancer
Hematology
Humans
Male
Mass Screening - adverse effects
Mass Screening - methods
Mass Screening - statistics & numerical data
Medical screening
Middle Aged
Mortality
Odds Ratio
Oncology
Outpatient-Based Clinical Medicine
Polyps
Risk
Statistical analysis
Tumors
SubjectTermsDisplay Clinical Medicine
Clinical Medicine General
Gastroenterology
Gastrointestinal Tract Cancer
Hematology/Oncology
Outpatient-Based Clinical Medicine
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Title Effect of Colonoscopy Screening on Risks of Colorectal Cancer and Related Death
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