The importance of carbon fiber to polymer additive manufacturing

Additive manufacturing (AM) holds tremendous promise in terms of revolutionizing manufacturing. However, fundamental hurdles limit the widespread adoption of this technology. First, production rates are extremely low. Second, the physical size of the parts is generally small, less than a cubic foot....

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Vydané v:Journal of materials research Ročník 29; číslo 17; s. 1893 - 1898
Hlavní autori: Love, Lonnie J., Kunc, Vlastamil, Rios, Orlando, Duty, Chad E., Elliott, Amelia M., Post, Brian K., Smith, Rachel J., Blue, Craig A.
Médium: Journal Article
Jazyk:English
Vydavateľské údaje: New York, USA Cambridge University Press 14.09.2014
Springer International Publishing
Springer Nature B.V
Predmet:
ISSN:0884-2914, 2044-5326
On-line prístup:Získať plný text
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Abstract Additive manufacturing (AM) holds tremendous promise in terms of revolutionizing manufacturing. However, fundamental hurdles limit the widespread adoption of this technology. First, production rates are extremely low. Second, the physical size of the parts is generally small, less than a cubic foot. Third, the mechanical properties of the polymer parts are generally poor, limiting the potential for direct part replacement and functional use of the polymer components. This article describes various ways in which carbon fibers (CFs) can be used to address these fundamental hurdles. First, CF-reinforced polymers developed for AM have demonstrated specific strengths approaching aerospace-quality aluminum. Second, CF additions can radically reduce the distortion and warping of the material during deposition, which enables large-scale, out-of-the-oven, high deposition rate manufacturing. Finally, the complementary nature of CF technology and AM is discussed, showing how merging the two manufacturing processes enables the construction of complex components that would not be possible with either technology alone.
AbstractList Additive manufacturing (AM) holds tremendous promise in terms of revolutionizing manufacturing. However, fundamental hurdles limit the widespread adoption of this technology. First, production rates are extremely low. Second, the physical size of the parts is generally small, less than a cubic foot. Third, the mechanical properties of the polymer parts are generally poor, limiting the potential for direct part replacement and functional use of the polymer components. This article describes various ways in which carbon fibers (CFs) can be used to address these fundamental hurdles. First, CF-reinforced polymers developed for AM have demonstrated specific strengths approaching aerospace-quality aluminum. Second, CF additions can radically reduce the distortion and warping of the material during deposition, which enables large-scale, out-of-the-oven, high deposition rate manufacturing. Finally, the complementary nature of CF technology and AM is discussed, showing how merging the two manufacturing processes enables the construction of complex components that would not be possible with either technology alone.
Additive manufacturing holds tremendous promise in terms of revolutionizing manufacturing. However, fundamental hurdles limit mass adoption of the technology. First, production rates are extremely low. Second, the physical size of parts is generally small, less than a cubic foot. Third, while there is much excitement about metal additive manufacturing, the major growth area is in polymer additive manufacturing systems. Unfortunately, the mechanical properties of the polymer parts are poor, limiting the potential for direct part replacement. To address this issue, we describe three benefits of blending carbon fiber with polymer additive manufacturing. First, development of carbon fiber reinforced polymers for additive manufacturing achieves specific strengths approaching aerospace quality aluminum. Second, carbon fiber radically changes the behavior of the material during deposition, enabling large scale, out-of-the-oven, high deposition rate manufacturing. Finally, carbon fiber technology and additive manufacturing complement each other. Merging the two manufacturing processes enables the construction of complex components that would not be possible otherwise.
Abstract [PUBLICATION ABSTRACT] Additive manufacturing (AM) holds tremendous promise in terms of revolutionizing manufacturing. However, fundamental hurdles limit the widespread adoption of this technology. First, production rates are extremely low. Second, the physical size of the parts is generally small, less than a cubic foot. Third, the mechanical properties of the polymer parts are generally poor, limiting the potential for direct part replacement and functional use of the polymer components. This article describes various ways in which carbon fibers (CFs) can be used to address these fundamental hurdles. First, CF-reinforced polymers developed for AM have demonstrated specific strengths approaching aerospace-quality aluminum. Second, CF additions can radically reduce the distortion and warping of the material during deposition, which enables large-scale, out-of-the-oven, high deposition rate manufacturing. Finally, the complementary nature of CF technology and AM is discussed, showing how merging the two manufacturing processes enables the construction of complex components that would not be possible with either technology alone. [PUBLICATION ABSTRACT]
Author Kunc, Vlastamil
Blue, Craig A.
Post, Brian K.
Smith, Rachel J.
Elliott, Amelia M.
Rios, Orlando
Duty, Chad E.
Love, Lonnie J.
Author_xml – sequence: 1
  givenname: Lonnie J.
  surname: Love
  fullname: Love, Lonnie J.
  email: lovelj@ornl.gov
  organization: Manufacturing Systems Research Group, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Knoxville, Tennessee 37932, USA
– sequence: 2
  givenname: Vlastamil
  surname: Kunc
  fullname: Kunc, Vlastamil
  organization: † Deposition Science and Technology Group, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Knoxville, Tennessee 37932, USA
– sequence: 3
  givenname: Orlando
  surname: Rios
  fullname: Rios, Orlando
  organization: † Deposition Science and Technology Group, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Knoxville, Tennessee 37932, USA
– sequence: 4
  givenname: Chad E.
  surname: Duty
  fullname: Duty, Chad E.
  organization: † Deposition Science and Technology Group, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Knoxville, Tennessee 37932, USA
– sequence: 5
  givenname: Amelia M.
  surname: Elliott
  fullname: Elliott, Amelia M.
  organization: ‡ Manufacturing Systems Research Group, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Knoxville, Tennessee 37932, USA
– sequence: 6
  givenname: Brian K.
  surname: Post
  fullname: Post, Brian K.
  organization: ‡ Manufacturing Systems Research Group, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Knoxville, Tennessee 37932, USA
– sequence: 7
  givenname: Rachel J.
  surname: Smith
  fullname: Smith, Rachel J.
  organization: ‡ Manufacturing Systems Research Group, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Knoxville, Tennessee 37932, USA
– sequence: 8
  givenname: Craig A.
  surname: Blue
  fullname: Blue, Craig A.
  organization: § Energy and Environmental Sciences Directorate, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
BackLink https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1185468$$D View this record in Osti.gov
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Cites_doi 10.1016/j.compscitech.2014.10.009
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References Kunc, Velez-Garcia, Ozcan, Tekinalp, Lindhal, Love, Duty, Blue April 2014
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  article-title: Highly oriented carbon fiber in polymer composite structures via additive manufacturing
  publication-title: Compos. Sci. Technol.
– year: April 2014
  article-title: Microstructure and property of carbon fiber reinforced materials for fused deposition modeling
  publication-title: Composites, Part A
– reference: GeoMagic Control 2014 Software.Geomagic.com. 3D Systems, n.d.R.A., 2014, from http://www.geomagic.com/en/products/qualify/overview.
– reference: Tekinalp, Kunc, Velez-Garcia, Duty, Love, Naskar, Blue, and Oscan: Highly oriented carbon fiber in polymer composite structures via additive manufacturing. Compos. Sci. Technol. (June 2014) submitted.
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– reference: Afinia H480 3D Printer.Afinia.com. Afinia, n.d.R.A., 2014, from http://www.afinia.com/3d-printers.
– reference: S.P. Moylan, J.A. Slotwinski, A.L. Cooke, K.K. Jurrens, and M.A. Donmez: Proposal for a standardized test artifact for additive manufacturing machines and processes. Proceedings of the 23rd International Solid Free form Symposium–An Additive Manufacturing Conference, Austin, TX, USA, August 2012; pp. 902–920.
– reference: MakerBot Replicator 2X Desktop 3D Printer.MakerBot.com. Makerbot Industries, n.d.R.A., 2014, from http://store.makerbot.com/replicator2x.
– reference: ASTM D638-03Standard Test Method for Tensile Properties of Plastics2003West Conshohocken, PAASTM International
– reference: CubeX Features & Specs.Cubify.com. 3D Systems, n.d.R.A., 2014, from http://cubify.com/en/Products/CubeXTechSpecs.
– reference: Kunc, Velez-Garcia, Ozcan, Tekinalp, Lindhal, Love, Duty, and Blue: Microstructure and property of carbon fiber reinforced materials for fused deposition modeling. Composites, Part A (April 2014) submitted.
– reference: FaroArm Platinum P08 Laser Scan Arm.Faro.com. FARO, n.d.R.A., 2014, from http://www.faro.com/en-us/products/metroaogy/measuring-arm-faro-scanarm/overview.
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Snippet Additive manufacturing (AM) holds tremendous promise in terms of revolutionizing manufacturing. However, fundamental hurdles limit the widespread adoption of...
Abstract [PUBLICATION ABSTRACT] Additive manufacturing (AM) holds tremendous promise in terms of revolutionizing manufacturing. However, fundamental hurdles...
Additive manufacturing holds tremendous promise in terms of revolutionizing manufacturing. However, fundamental hurdles limit mass adoption of the technology....
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SubjectTerms 3-D printers
Additive manufacturing
Additives
Aircraft components
Aluminum
Applied and Technical Physics
Biomaterials
carbon fiber
Carbon fiber reinforced plastics
Carbon fibers
composite
Constraining
Deposition
Design
Designers
Distortion
Extrusion
Heat conductivity
Inorganic Chemistry
Manufacturing
Materials Engineering
Materials research
Materials Science
Mechanical properties
Merging
Nanotechnology
Polymer
Polymers
Raw materials
Temperature
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