In multiple situational light settings, visual observation for skin colour assessment is comparable with colorimeter measurement
Background Finding inexpensive and reliable techniques for assessing skin colour is important, given that it is related to several adverse human health outcomes. Visual observation is considered a subjective approach assessment and, even when made by trained assessor, concern has been raised about t...
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| Vydáno v: | Skin research and technology Ročník 22; číslo 3; s. 305 - 310 |
|---|---|
| Hlavní autoři: | , , , , |
| Médium: | Journal Article |
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Vydáno: |
England
Blackwell Publishing Ltd
01.08.2016
John Wiley & Sons, Inc |
| Témata: | |
| ISSN: | 0909-752X, 1600-0846 |
| On-line přístup: | Získat plný text |
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| Abstract | Background
Finding inexpensive and reliable techniques for assessing skin colour is important, given that it is related to several adverse human health outcomes. Visual observation is considered a subjective approach assessment and, even when made by trained assessor, concern has been raised about the need for controlled lighting in the study venue. The aim of this study is to determine whether visual skin colour assessments correlate with objective skin colour measurements in study venues with different lighting types and configurations.
Methods
Two trained investigators, with confirmed visual acuity, visually classified the inner, upper arm skin colour of 556 adults using Munsell® colour classifications converted to Individual Typology Angle (°ITA) values based on published data. Skin colour at the same anatomic site was also measured using a colorimeter. Each participant was assessed in one of 10 different buildings, each with a different study day. Munsell®‐derived °ITA values were compared to colorimeter °ITA values for the full sample and by building/day.
Results
We found a strong positive, monotonic correlation between Munsell® derived °ITA values and colorimeter °ITA values for all participants (Spearman ρ = 0.8585, P < 0.001). Similar relationships were found when Munsell® and colorimeter °ITA values were compared for participants assessed in the same building for all 10 buildings (Spearman ρ values ranged from 0.797 to 0.934, all correlations were statistically significant at P < 0.001).
Conclusion
It is possible to visually assess individual skin colour in multiple situational lighting settings and retrieve results that are comparable with objective measurements of skin colour. This was true for individuals of varying population groups and skin pigmentation. |
|---|---|
| AbstractList | Background
Finding inexpensive and reliable techniques for assessing skin colour is important, given that it is related to several adverse human health outcomes. Visual observation is considered a subjective approach assessment and, even when made by trained assessor, concern has been raised about the need for controlled lighting in the study venue. The aim of this study is to determine whether visual skin colour assessments correlate with objective skin colour measurements in study venues with different lighting types and configurations.
Methods
Two trained investigators, with confirmed visual acuity, visually classified the inner, upper arm skin colour of 556 adults using Munsell® colour classifications converted to Individual Typology Angle (°ITA) values based on published data. Skin colour at the same anatomic site was also measured using a colorimeter. Each participant was assessed in one of 10 different buildings, each with a different study day. Munsell®‐derived °ITA values were compared to colorimeter °ITA values for the full sample and by building/day.
Results
We found a strong positive, monotonic correlation between Munsell® derived °ITA values and colorimeter °ITA values for all participants (Spearman ρ = 0.8585, P < 0.001). Similar relationships were found when Munsell® and colorimeter °ITA values were compared for participants assessed in the same building for all 10 buildings (Spearman ρ values ranged from 0.797 to 0.934, all correlations were statistically significant at P < 0.001).
Conclusion
It is possible to visually assess individual skin colour in multiple situational lighting settings and retrieve results that are comparable with objective measurements of skin colour. This was true for individuals of varying population groups and skin pigmentation. Background Finding inexpensive and reliable techniques for assessing skin colour is important, given that it is related to several adverse human health outcomes. Visual observation is considered a subjective approach assessment and, even when made by trained assessor, concern has been raised about the need for controlled lighting in the study venue. The aim of this study is to determine whether visual skin colour assessments correlate with objective skin colour measurements in study venues with different lighting types and configurations. Methods Two trained investigators, with confirmed visual acuity, visually classified the inner, upper arm skin colour of 556 adults using Munsell colour classifications converted to Individual Typology Angle (°ITA) values based on published data. Skin colour at the same anatomic site was also measured using a colorimeter. Each participant was assessed in one of 10 different buildings, each with a different study day. Munsell-derived °ITA values were compared to colorimeter °ITA values for the full sample and by building/day. Results We found a strong positive, monotonic correlation between Munsell derived °ITA values and colorimeter °ITA values for all participants (Spearman ρ = 0.8585, P < 0.001). Similar relationships were found when Munsell and colorimeter °ITA values were compared for participants assessed in the same building for all 10 buildings (Spearman ρ values ranged from 0.797 to 0.934, all correlations were statistically significant at P < 0.001). Conclusion It is possible to visually assess individual skin colour in multiple situational lighting settings and retrieve results that are comparable with objective measurements of skin colour. This was true for individuals of varying population groups and skin pigmentation. Finding inexpensive and reliable techniques for assessing skin colour is important, given that it is related to several adverse human health outcomes. Visual observation is considered a subjective approach assessment and, even when made by trained assessor, concern has been raised about the need for controlled lighting in the study venue. The aim of this study is to determine whether visual skin colour assessments correlate with objective skin colour measurements in study venues with different lighting types and configurations. Two trained investigators, with confirmed visual acuity, visually classified the inner, upper arm skin colour of 556 adults using Munsell(®) colour classifications converted to Individual Typology Angle (°ITA) values based on published data. Skin colour at the same anatomic site was also measured using a colorimeter. Each participant was assessed in one of 10 different buildings, each with a different study day. Munsell(®) -derived °ITA values were compared to colorimeter °ITA values for the full sample and by building/day. We found a strong positive, monotonic correlation between Munsell(®) derived °ITA values and colorimeter °ITA values for all participants (Spearman ρ = 0.8585, P < 0.001). Similar relationships were found when Munsell(®) and colorimeter °ITA values were compared for participants assessed in the same building for all 10 buildings (Spearman ρ values ranged from 0.797 to 0.934, all correlations were statistically significant at P < 0.001). It is possible to visually assess individual skin colour in multiple situational lighting settings and retrieve results that are comparable with objective measurements of skin colour. This was true for individuals of varying population groups and skin pigmentation. Background Finding inexpensive and reliable techniques for assessing skin colour is important, given that it is related to several adverse human health outcomes. Visual observation is considered a subjective approach assessment and, even when made by trained assessor, concern has been raised about the need for controlled lighting in the study venue. The aim of this study is to determine whether visual skin colour assessments correlate with objective skin colour measurements in study venues with different lighting types and configurations. Methods Two trained investigators, with confirmed visual acuity, visually classified the inner, upper arm skin colour of 556 adults using Munsell super( registered ) colour classifications converted to Individual Typology Angle ( degree ITA) values based on published data. Skin colour at the same anatomic site was also measured using a colorimeter. Each participant was assessed in one of 10 different buildings, each with a different study day. Munsell super( registered )-derived degree ITA values were compared to colorimeter degree ITA values for the full sample and by building/day. Results We found a strong positive, monotonic correlation between Munsell super( registered ) derived degree ITA values and colorimeter degree ITA values for all participants (Spearman rho = 0.8585, P < 0.001). Similar relationships were found when Munsell super( registered ) and colorimeter degree ITA values were compared for participants assessed in the same building for all 10 buildings (Spearman rho values ranged from 0.797 to 0.934, all correlations were statistically significant at P < 0.001). Conclusion It is possible to visually assess individual skin colour in multiple situational lighting settings and retrieve results that are comparable with objective measurements of skin colour. This was true for individuals of varying population groups and skin pigmentation. BACKGROUNDFinding inexpensive and reliable techniques for assessing skin colour is important, given that it is related to several adverse human health outcomes. Visual observation is considered a subjective approach assessment and, even when made by trained assessor, concern has been raised about the need for controlled lighting in the study venue. The aim of this study is to determine whether visual skin colour assessments correlate with objective skin colour measurements in study venues with different lighting types and configurations.METHODSTwo trained investigators, with confirmed visual acuity, visually classified the inner, upper arm skin colour of 556 adults using Munsell(®) colour classifications converted to Individual Typology Angle (°ITA) values based on published data. Skin colour at the same anatomic site was also measured using a colorimeter. Each participant was assessed in one of 10 different buildings, each with a different study day. Munsell(®) -derived °ITA values were compared to colorimeter °ITA values for the full sample and by building/day.RESULTSWe found a strong positive, monotonic correlation between Munsell(®) derived °ITA values and colorimeter °ITA values for all participants (Spearman ρ = 0.8585, P < 0.001). Similar relationships were found when Munsell(®) and colorimeter °ITA values were compared for participants assessed in the same building for all 10 buildings (Spearman ρ values ranged from 0.797 to 0.934, all correlations were statistically significant at P < 0.001).CONCLUSIONIt is possible to visually assess individual skin colour in multiple situational lighting settings and retrieve results that are comparable with objective measurements of skin colour. This was true for individuals of varying population groups and skin pigmentation. |
| Author | du Plessis, J. L. Reeder, A. I. Albers, P. N. Wright, C. Y. Wilkes, M. |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: C. Y. surname: Wright fullname: Wright, C. Y. email: cwright@mrc.ac.za organization: Environment & Health Research Unit, South African Medical Research Council, Department of Geography, Meteorology and Geoinformatics, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa – sequence: 2 givenname: M. surname: Wilkes fullname: Wilkes, M. organization: Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, NY, Ithaca, USA – sequence: 3 givenname: J. L. surname: du Plessis fullname: du Plessis, J. L. organization: Occupational Hygiene and Health Research Initiative, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa – sequence: 4 givenname: A. I. surname: Reeder fullname: Reeder, A. I. organization: Cancer Society of New Zealand Social and Behavioural Research Unit, Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, University of Otago Medical School, Dunedin, New Zealand – sequence: 5 givenname: P. N. surname: Albers fullname: Albers, P. N. organization: Environment & Health Research Unit, South African Medical Research Council, Pretoria, South Africa |
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| Keywords | skin colour Munsell® colour charts lighting Individual Typology Angle colorimeter |
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| References | Treesirichod A, Chansakulporn S, Wattanapan P. Correlation between skin color evaluation by skin color scale chart and narrowband reflectance spectrophotometer. Indian J Dermatol 2014; 59: 339-342. Prentice A, Schoenmakers I, Jones KS, Jarjou LMA, Goldberg GR. Vitamin D deficiency and its health consequences in Africa. Clin Rev Bone Miner Metab 2009; 7: 94-106. GretbagMacbeth. Munsell soil color charts. Revised washable ed. New Windsor, NY: GretbagMacbeth, 2000. Taylor S, Westerhof W, Im S, Lim J. Noninvasive techniques for the evaluation of skin color. J Am Acad Dermatol 2006; 54: S282-S290. Leiter U, Eigentler T, Garbe C. Epidemiology of skin cancer. Adv Exp Med Biol 2014; 810: 120-140. Shevell SK. The Verriest Lecture: color lessons from space, time, and motion. J Opt Soc Am A Opt Image Sci Vis 2012; 29: A337-A345. Agbai ON, Buster K, Sanchez M et al. Skin cancer and photoprotection in people of color: a review and recommendations for physicians and the public. J Am Acad Dermatol 2014; 70: 748-762. Wright CY, Reeder AI, Gray AR, Hammond VA. Comparison of Munsell® color chart assessments with primary schoolchildren's self-reported skin color. Skin Res Technol 2015; 1-7. Del Bino S, Sok J, Bessac E, Bernerd F. Relationship between skin response to ultraviolet exposure and skin color type. Pigment Cell Res 2006; 19: 606-614. Wilkes M, Wright CY, du Plessis JL, Reeder AI. Fitzpatrick skin type, Individual Typology Angle and melanin index in an African population: taking steps toward universally applicable skin photosensitivity assessments. JAMA Dermatol 2015; 151: 902-903. Chan JL, Ehrlich A, Lawrence RC, Moshell AN, Turner ML, Kimball AB. Assessing the role of race in quantitative measures of skin pigmentation and clinical assessments of photosensitivity. J Am Acad Dermatol 2005; 52: 609-615. Del Bino S, Bernerd F. Variations in skin colour and the biological consequences of ultraviolet radiation exposure. Br J Dermatol 2013; 169(Suppl. 3): 33-40. Reeder AI, Iousa E, Gray AR, Hammond V. Validity and reliability of the Munsell soil color charts for assessing human skin color. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2014; 23: 2041-2047. 2015; 151 2014; 810 2014; 70 2000 2006; 54 2014; 59 2005; 52 2013; 169 2006; 19 2009; 7 2012; 29 2015 2014; 23 e_1_2_10_9_1 e_1_2_10_13_1 e_1_2_10_10_1 e_1_2_10_11_1 Leiter U (e_1_2_10_2_1) 2014; 810 GretbagMacbeth (e_1_2_10_12_1) 2000 Wright CY (e_1_2_10_8_1) 2015 e_1_2_10_4_1 e_1_2_10_3_1 e_1_2_10_6_1 e_1_2_10_5_1 e_1_2_10_14_1 e_1_2_10_7_1 |
| References_xml | – reference: Leiter U, Eigentler T, Garbe C. Epidemiology of skin cancer. Adv Exp Med Biol 2014; 810: 120-140. – reference: Shevell SK. The Verriest Lecture: color lessons from space, time, and motion. J Opt Soc Am A Opt Image Sci Vis 2012; 29: A337-A345. – reference: Wright CY, Reeder AI, Gray AR, Hammond VA. Comparison of Munsell® color chart assessments with primary schoolchildren's self-reported skin color. Skin Res Technol 2015; 1-7. – reference: Prentice A, Schoenmakers I, Jones KS, Jarjou LMA, Goldberg GR. Vitamin D deficiency and its health consequences in Africa. Clin Rev Bone Miner Metab 2009; 7: 94-106. – reference: GretbagMacbeth. Munsell soil color charts. Revised washable ed. New Windsor, NY: GretbagMacbeth, 2000. – reference: Del Bino S, Sok J, Bessac E, Bernerd F. Relationship between skin response to ultraviolet exposure and skin color type. Pigment Cell Res 2006; 19: 606-614. – reference: Wilkes M, Wright CY, du Plessis JL, Reeder AI. Fitzpatrick skin type, Individual Typology Angle and melanin index in an African population: taking steps toward universally applicable skin photosensitivity assessments. JAMA Dermatol 2015; 151: 902-903. – reference: Reeder AI, Iousa E, Gray AR, Hammond V. Validity and reliability of the Munsell soil color charts for assessing human skin color. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2014; 23: 2041-2047. – reference: Del Bino S, Bernerd F. Variations in skin colour and the biological consequences of ultraviolet radiation exposure. Br J Dermatol 2013; 169(Suppl. 3): 33-40. – reference: Taylor S, Westerhof W, Im S, Lim J. Noninvasive techniques for the evaluation of skin color. J Am Acad Dermatol 2006; 54: S282-S290. – reference: Agbai ON, Buster K, Sanchez M et al. Skin cancer and photoprotection in people of color: a review and recommendations for physicians and the public. J Am Acad Dermatol 2014; 70: 748-762. – reference: Treesirichod A, Chansakulporn S, Wattanapan P. Correlation between skin color evaluation by skin color scale chart and narrowband reflectance spectrophotometer. Indian J Dermatol 2014; 59: 339-342. – reference: Chan JL, Ehrlich A, Lawrence RC, Moshell AN, Turner ML, Kimball AB. Assessing the role of race in quantitative measures of skin pigmentation and clinical assessments of photosensitivity. J Am Acad Dermatol 2005; 52: 609-615. – volume: 59 start-page: 339 year: 2014 end-page: 342 article-title: Correlation between skin color evaluation by skin color scale chart and narrowband reflectance spectrophotometer publication-title: Indian J Dermatol – volume: 7 start-page: 94 year: 2009 end-page: 106 article-title: Vitamin D deficiency and its health consequences in Africa publication-title: Clin Rev Bone Miner Metab – volume: 19 start-page: 606 year: 2006 end-page: 614 article-title: Relationship between skin response to ultraviolet exposure and skin color type publication-title: Pigment Cell Res – volume: 810 start-page: 120 year: 2014 end-page: 140 article-title: Epidemiology of skin cancer publication-title: Adv Exp Med Biol – volume: 54 start-page: S282 year: 2006 end-page: S290 article-title: Noninvasive techniques for the evaluation of skin color publication-title: J Am Acad Dermatol – volume: 169 start-page: 33 issue: Suppl. 3 year: 2013 end-page: 40 article-title: Variations in skin colour and the biological consequences of ultraviolet radiation exposure publication-title: Br J Dermatol – year: 2000 – volume: 70 start-page: 748 year: 2014 end-page: 762 article-title: Skin cancer and photoprotection in people of color: a review and recommendations for physicians and the public publication-title: J Am Acad Dermatol – volume: 52 start-page: 609 year: 2005 end-page: 615 article-title: Assessing the role of race in quantitative measures of skin pigmentation and clinical assessments of photosensitivity publication-title: J Am Acad Dermatol – volume: 29 start-page: A337 year: 2012 end-page: A345 article-title: The Verriest Lecture: color lessons from space, time, and motion publication-title: J Opt Soc Am A Opt Image Sci Vis – start-page: 1 year: 2015 end-page: 7 article-title: Comparison of Munsell color chart assessments with primary schoolchildren's self‐reported skin color publication-title: Skin Res Technol – volume: 151 start-page: 902 year: 2015 end-page: 903 article-title: Fitzpatrick skin type, Individual Typology Angle and melanin index in an African population: taking steps toward universally applicable skin photosensitivity assessments publication-title: JAMA Dermatol – volume: 23 start-page: 2041 year: 2014 end-page: 2047 article-title: Validity and reliability of the Munsell soil color charts for assessing human skin color publication-title: Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev – ident: e_1_2_10_3_1 doi: 10.1007/s12018-009-9038-6 – ident: e_1_2_10_7_1 doi: 10.4103/0019-5154.135476 – ident: e_1_2_10_14_1 doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0749.2006.00338.x – ident: e_1_2_10_6_1 doi: 10.1364/JOSAA.29.00A337 – ident: e_1_2_10_5_1 doi: 10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-14-0269 – volume: 810 start-page: 120 year: 2014 ident: e_1_2_10_2_1 article-title: Epidemiology of skin cancer publication-title: Adv Exp Med Biol – volume-title: Munsell soil color charts year: 2000 ident: e_1_2_10_12_1 – ident: e_1_2_10_10_1 doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2004.03.051 – ident: e_1_2_10_9_1 doi: 10.1001/jamadermatol.2015.0351 – ident: e_1_2_10_13_1 doi: 10.1111/bjd.12529 – ident: e_1_2_10_4_1 doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2013.11.038 – start-page: 1 year: 2015 ident: e_1_2_10_8_1 article-title: Comparison of Munsell® color chart assessments with primary schoolchildren's self‐reported skin color publication-title: Skin Res Technol – ident: e_1_2_10_11_1 doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2005.12.041 |
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| Snippet | Background
Finding inexpensive and reliable techniques for assessing skin colour is important, given that it is related to several adverse human health... Finding inexpensive and reliable techniques for assessing skin colour is important, given that it is related to several adverse human health outcomes. Visual... Background Finding inexpensive and reliable techniques for assessing skin colour is important, given that it is related to several adverse human health... BACKGROUNDFinding inexpensive and reliable techniques for assessing skin colour is important, given that it is related to several adverse human health... |
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| SubjectTerms | Adolescent Adult Apartheid Beggars Clinical Competence Color Perception - physiology colorimeter Colorimetry - methods Female Humans Individual Typology Angle Lighting Lighting - methods Male Munsell® colour charts Observer Variation Physical Examination - methods Racial profiling Reproducibility of Results Sensitivity and Specificity skin colour Skin Pigmentation - physiology Young Adult |
| Title | In multiple situational light settings, visual observation for skin colour assessment is comparable with colorimeter measurement |
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| Volume | 22 |
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