Fortification of Human Milk for Preterm Infants: Update and Recommendations of the European Milk Bank Association (EMBA) Working Group on Human Milk Fortification

Evidence indicates that human milk (HM) is the best form of nutrition uniquely suited not only to term but also to preterm infants conferring health benefits in both the short and long-term. However, HM does not provide sufficient nutrition for the very low birth weight (VLBW) infant when fed at the...

Full description

Saved in:

Bibliographic Details
Published in:	Frontiers in pediatrics Vol. 7; p. 76
Main Authors:	Arslanoglu, Sertac, Boquien, Clair-Yves, King, Caroline, Lamireau, Delphine, Tonetto, Paola, Barnett, Debbie, Bertino, Enrico, Gaya, Antoni, Gebauer, Corinna, Grovslien, Anne, Moro, Guido E., Weaver, Gillian, Wesolowska, Aleksandra Maria, Picaud, Jean-Charles
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	Switzerland Frontiers 2019 Frontiers Media S.A
Subjects:	adjustable fortification Food and Nutrition growth Human health and pathology human milk individualized fortification Life Sciences nutrition Pediatrics prematurity nutrition prematurity protein adjustable fortification growth human milk individualized fortification
ISSN:	2296-2360, 2296-2360
Online Access:	Get full text
Tags:	Add Tag No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!

Abstract	Evidence indicates that human milk (HM) is the best form of nutrition uniquely suited not only to term but also to preterm infants conferring health benefits in both the short and long-term. However, HM does not provide sufficient nutrition for the very low birth weight (VLBW) infant when fed at the usual feeding volumes leading to slow growth with the risk of neurocognitive impairment and other poor health outcomes such as retinopathy and bronchopulmonary dysplasia. HM should be supplemented (fortified) with the nutrients in short supply, particularly with protein, calcium, and phosphate to meet the high requirements of this group of babies. In this paper the European Milk Bank Association (EMBA) Working Group on HM Fortification discusses the existing evidence in this field, gives an overview of different fortification approaches and definitions, outlines the gaps in knowledge and gives recommendations for practice and suggestions for future research. EMBA recognizes that "Standard Fortification," which is currently the most utilized regimen in neonatal intensive care units, still falls short in supplying sufficient protein for some VLBW infants. EMBA encourages the use of "Individualized Fortification" to optimize nutrient intake. "Adjustable Fortification" and "Targeted Fortification" are 2 methods of individualized fortification. The quality and source of human milk fortifiers constitute another important topic. There is work looking at human milk derived fortifiers, but it is still too early to draw precise conclusions about their use. The pros and cons are discussed in this Commentary in addition to the evidence around use of fortifiers post discharge.
AbstractList	Evidence indicates that human milk (HM) is the best form of nutrition uniquely suited not only to term but also to preterm infants conferring health benefits in both the short and long-term. However, HM does not provide sufficient nutrition for the very low birth weight (VLBW) infant when fed at the usual feeding volumes leading to slow growth with the risk of neurocognitive impairment and other poor health outcomes such as retinopathy and bronchopulmonary dysplasia. HM should be supplemented (fortified) with the nutrients in short supply, particularly with protein, calcium, and phosphate to meet the high requirements of this group of babies. In this paper the European Milk Bank Association (EMBA) Working Group on HM Fortification discusses the existing evidence in this field, gives an overview of different fortification approaches and definitions, outlines the gaps in knowledge and gives recommendations for practice and suggestions for future research. EMBA recognizes that “Standard Fortification,” which is currently the most utilized regimen in neonatal intensive care units, still falls short in supplying sufficient protein for some VLBW infants. EMBA encourages the use of “Individualized Fortification” to optimize nutrient intake. “Adjustable Fortification” and “Targeted Fortification” are 2 methods of individualized fortification. The quality and source of human milk fortifiers constitute another important topic. There is work looking at human milk derived fortifiers, but it is still too early to draw precise conclusions about their use. The pros and cons are discussed in this Commentary in addition to the evidence around use of fortifiers post discharge. Evidence indicates that human milk (HM) is the best form of nutrition uniquely suited not only to term but also to preterm infants conferring health benefits in both the short and long-term. However, HM does not provide sufficient nutrition for the very low birth weight (VLBW) infant when fed at the usual feeding volumes leading to slow growth with the risk of neurocognitive impairment and other poor health outcomes such as retinopathy and bronchopulmonary dysplasia. HM should be supplemented (fortified) with the nutrients in short supply, particularly with protein, calcium, and phosphate to meet the high requirements of this group of babies. In this paper the European Milk Bank Association (EMBA) Working Group on HM Fortification discusses the existing evidence in this field, gives an overview of different fortification approaches and definitions, outlines the gaps in knowledge and gives recommendations for practice and suggestions for future research. EMBA recognizes that "Standard Fortification," which is currently the most utilized regimen in neonatal intensive care units, still falls short in supplying sufficient protein for some VLBW infants. EMBA encourages the use of "Individualized Fortification" to optimize nutrient intake. "Adjustable Fortification" and "Targeted Fortification" are 2 methods of individualized fortification. The quality and source of human milk fortifiers constitute another important topic. There is work looking at human milk derived fortifiers, but it is still too early to draw precise conclusions about their use. The pros and cons are discussed in this Commentary in addition to the evidence around use of fortifiers post discharge.Evidence indicates that human milk (HM) is the best form of nutrition uniquely suited not only to term but also to preterm infants conferring health benefits in both the short and long-term. However, HM does not provide sufficient nutrition for the very low birth weight (VLBW) infant when fed at the usual feeding volumes leading to slow growth with the risk of neurocognitive impairment and other poor health outcomes such as retinopathy and bronchopulmonary dysplasia. HM should be supplemented (fortified) with the nutrients in short supply, particularly with protein, calcium, and phosphate to meet the high requirements of this group of babies. In this paper the European Milk Bank Association (EMBA) Working Group on HM Fortification discusses the existing evidence in this field, gives an overview of different fortification approaches and definitions, outlines the gaps in knowledge and gives recommendations for practice and suggestions for future research. EMBA recognizes that "Standard Fortification," which is currently the most utilized regimen in neonatal intensive care units, still falls short in supplying sufficient protein for some VLBW infants. EMBA encourages the use of "Individualized Fortification" to optimize nutrient intake. "Adjustable Fortification" and "Targeted Fortification" are 2 methods of individualized fortification. The quality and source of human milk fortifiers constitute another important topic. There is work looking at human milk derived fortifiers, but it is still too early to draw precise conclusions about their use. The pros and cons are discussed in this Commentary in addition to the evidence around use of fortifiers post discharge.
Author	Gaya, Antoni Lamireau, Delphine Wesolowska, Aleksandra Maria Grovslien, Anne Bertino, Enrico Weaver, Gillian Arslanoglu, Sertac Boquien, Clair-Yves Tonetto, Paola Moro, Guido E. Barnett, Debbie Gebauer, Corinna King, Caroline Picaud, Jean-Charles
AuthorAffiliation	5 Neonatal Unit of Turin University, City of Health and Science of Turin , Turin , Italy 7 Banc de Teixits, Fundaciò Banc Sang i Teixits de les Illes Balears , Palma de Mallorca , Spain 9 Neonatal Unit, Milk Bank, Oslo University Hospital , Oslo , Norway 1 Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Istanbul Medeniyet University , Istanbul , Turkey 14 Division of Neonatology, Hôpital de la Croix-Rousse , Lyon , France 6 Greater Glasgow and Clyde Donor Milk Bank, Royal Hospital for Sick Children , Glasgow , United Kingdom 3 Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust , London , United Kingdom 4 Lactariums de Bordeaux-Marmande, Pôle Pédiatrique, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire (CHU) de Bordeaux , Bordeaux , France 13 CarMeN Unit, INSERM U1060, INRA U1397, Claude Bernard University Lyon 1 , Pierre Bénite , France 12 Department of Neonatology, Faculty of Health Science, Medical University of Warsaw , Warsaw , Poland 8 Abteilung Neonatologie Klinik und Poliklini
AuthorAffiliation_xml	– name: 2 PhAN, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Université de Nantes, CRNH-Ouest , Nantes , France – name: 10 Associazione Italiana Banche del Latte Umano Donato (AIBLUD) , Milan , Italy – name: 6 Greater Glasgow and Clyde Donor Milk Bank, Royal Hospital for Sick Children , Glasgow , United Kingdom – name: 7 Banc de Teixits, Fundaciò Banc Sang i Teixits de les Illes Balears , Palma de Mallorca , Spain – name: 4 Lactariums de Bordeaux-Marmande, Pôle Pédiatrique, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire (CHU) de Bordeaux , Bordeaux , France – name: 3 Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust , London , United Kingdom – name: 13 CarMeN Unit, INSERM U1060, INRA U1397, Claude Bernard University Lyon 1 , Pierre Bénite , France – name: 5 Neonatal Unit of Turin University, City of Health and Science of Turin , Turin , Italy – name: 9 Neonatal Unit, Milk Bank, Oslo University Hospital , Oslo , Norway – name: 8 Abteilung Neonatologie Klinik und Poliklinik für Kinder und Jugendliche , Leipzig , Germany – name: 1 Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Istanbul Medeniyet University , Istanbul , Turkey – name: 14 Division of Neonatology, Hôpital de la Croix-Rousse , Lyon , France – name: 12 Department of Neonatology, Faculty of Health Science, Medical University of Warsaw , Warsaw , Poland – name: 11 Hearts Milk Bank, Rothamsted Research Institute , Harpenden , United Kingdom
Author_xml	– sequence: 1 givenname: Sertac surname: Arslanoglu fullname: Arslanoglu, Sertac – sequence: 2 givenname: Clair-Yves surname: Boquien fullname: Boquien, Clair-Yves – sequence: 3 givenname: Caroline surname: King fullname: King, Caroline – sequence: 4 givenname: Delphine surname: Lamireau fullname: Lamireau, Delphine – sequence: 5 givenname: Paola surname: Tonetto fullname: Tonetto, Paola – sequence: 6 givenname: Debbie surname: Barnett fullname: Barnett, Debbie – sequence: 7 givenname: Enrico surname: Bertino fullname: Bertino, Enrico – sequence: 8 givenname: Antoni surname: Gaya fullname: Gaya, Antoni – sequence: 9 givenname: Corinna surname: Gebauer fullname: Gebauer, Corinna – sequence: 10 givenname: Anne surname: Grovslien fullname: Grovslien, Anne – sequence: 11 givenname: Guido E. surname: Moro fullname: Moro, Guido E. – sequence: 12 givenname: Gillian surname: Weaver fullname: Weaver, Gillian – sequence: 13 givenname: Aleksandra Maria surname: Wesolowska fullname: Wesolowska, Aleksandra Maria – sequence: 14 givenname: Jean-Charles surname: Picaud fullname: Picaud, Jean-Charles
BackLink	https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30968003$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed https://hal.inrae.fr/hal-02628588$$DView record in HAL
BookMark	eNp1kktrGzEUhYeS0qRp1t0VLZOFHT3m2UXBCU5scGgpDV0KPW3FM9JEmgn07_SXVuNJgh0oDGi4Oue7V9L5mBxZZ1WSfEZwSkhZXepWySmGqJpCCIv8XXKCcZVPMMnh0d7_cXIWwkOUwKqAGco-JMcEVnkJITlJ_t443xltBOuMs8BpsOgbZsGdqbdAOw9-eNUp34Cl1cx24Su4byXrFGBWgp9KuKZRVu7MYXB3GwXmvXeteoFcMbsFsxCcMGOP8_nd1ewC_HZ-a-wa3HrXtyDW9xofDPUpea9ZHdTZ83qa3N_Mf10vJqvvt8vr2Woi0op0k7zSSBKOKs1VrlOeo6zi8VoUL0g8Kk5LLFBBCikVwpgLRhRHRY5ZwXQhMSOnyXLkSsceaOtNw_wf6pihu4Lza8riWKJWlJciE6LMcarjV8mSQyYkK1LFU41SHlnfRlbb80ZJoWznWX0APdyxZkPX7onmKakyTCLgYgRs3tgWsxUdahDnuMzK8glF7flzM-8eexU62pggVF0zq1wfKMawQFmJ4CD9sj_XK_klEFFwOQqEdyF4pV8lCNIhdXRIHR1SR3epi47sjUOYbvdw8WCm_q_vH98v3aA
CitedBy_id	crossref_primary_10_3390_ijerph18020823 crossref_primary_10_1371_journal_pone_0265144 crossref_primary_10_3390_nu13030982 crossref_primary_10_1007_s12098_023_04989_9 crossref_primary_10_3389_fmolb_2021_680159 crossref_primary_10_3390_nu17152503 crossref_primary_10_1002_ncp_10937 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_ajcnut_2023_01_020 crossref_primary_10_1186_s13052_022_01406_3 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_foodchem_2022_133579 crossref_primary_10_1055_a_2101_9918 crossref_primary_10_3390_nu14061181 crossref_primary_10_1111_jhn_12830 crossref_primary_10_3390_foods13172797 crossref_primary_10_1515_jpm_2019_0205 crossref_primary_10_1159_000547414 crossref_primary_10_3389_fnut_2025_1582519 crossref_primary_10_3389_fped_2021_719096 crossref_primary_10_3390_antiox12101857 crossref_primary_10_3389_fphys_2023_1189422 crossref_primary_10_3390_nu12041156 crossref_primary_10_3390_nu12092733 crossref_primary_10_1080_20469047_2025_2528301 crossref_primary_10_3389_fnut_2024_1404303 crossref_primary_10_3390_nu12041155 crossref_primary_10_3928_19382359_20230411_07 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_lwt_2020_110037 crossref_primary_10_3390_nu12051345 crossref_primary_10_1002_jpen_2249 crossref_primary_10_1093_jn_nxaa383 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_fm_2024_104661 crossref_primary_10_3390_nu12123730 crossref_primary_10_3389_fnut_2025_1517247 crossref_primary_10_1080_14737159_2020_1816465 crossref_primary_10_7759_cureus_73380 crossref_primary_10_1038_s41372_024_01988_2 crossref_primary_10_1007_s00394_021_02562_8 crossref_primary_10_1111_jhn_13353 crossref_primary_10_3390_nu12040983 crossref_primary_10_1017_S0007114522000599 crossref_primary_10_3389_fped_2024_1436885 crossref_primary_10_3390_foods11030345 crossref_primary_10_1038_s41372_020_00820_x crossref_primary_10_3389_fnut_2025_1635266 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_clp_2022_02_010 crossref_primary_10_1093_jn_nxab069 crossref_primary_10_1089_bfm_2022_0254 crossref_primary_10_3390_children8040253 crossref_primary_10_4028_www_scientific_net_KEM_884_241 crossref_primary_10_7759_cureus_86602 crossref_primary_10_1002_bab_70047 crossref_primary_10_3390_nu15143231 crossref_primary_10_1111_jhn_12971 crossref_primary_10_1007_s13312_022_2637_8 crossref_primary_10_1007_s00431_020_03677_6 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_anpedi_2020_03_009 crossref_primary_10_1007_s12098_021_03940_0 crossref_primary_10_3390_nu15163556 crossref_primary_10_1002_jpen_2060 crossref_primary_10_3389_fnut_2021_642474 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_clp_2023_04_011 crossref_primary_10_1007_s13312_021_2166_x crossref_primary_10_1080_10408398_2020_1753650 crossref_primary_10_3389_fped_2024_1354683 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_foodchem_2024_140886 crossref_primary_10_1097_MPG_0000000000003321 crossref_primary_10_1002_jpn3_12341 crossref_primary_10_3390_ijerph18126245 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_semperi_2021_151546 crossref_primary_10_3390_nu15102278 crossref_primary_10_3389_fimmu_2023_1293737 crossref_primary_10_1055_s_0041_1727278 crossref_primary_10_1007_s00112_021_01330_6 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_eclinm_2023_102375 crossref_primary_10_1055_s_0039_1696715 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_idairyj_2023_105880 crossref_primary_10_1136_bmjoq_2021_001736 crossref_primary_10_1089_bfm_2023_0320 crossref_primary_10_1136_archdischild_2024_327282 crossref_primary_10_1371_journal_pone_0313465 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_advnut_2024_100295 crossref_primary_10_1089_bfm_2023_0043 crossref_primary_10_3389_fped_2022_795222 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_spen_2025_101212 crossref_primary_10_1371_journal_pone_0255252 crossref_primary_10_3389_fped_2024_1466528 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_earlhumdev_2025_106240 crossref_primary_10_1038_s41372_024_01998_0 crossref_primary_10_1093_ajcn_nqac081 crossref_primary_10_3389_fmicb_2021_676622 crossref_primary_10_3390_ijms24032344 crossref_primary_10_1093_nutrit_nuaa138 crossref_primary_10_2147_JMDH_S450550 crossref_primary_10_1128_msystems_00916_24 crossref_primary_10_1002_ncp_11176 crossref_primary_10_3390_nu15030619 crossref_primary_10_32725_jnss_2023_002 crossref_primary_10_1055_a_1391_0426 crossref_primary_10_3389_fped_2021_652038 crossref_primary_10_3389_fped_2025_1658550 crossref_primary_10_1111_apa_70260 crossref_primary_10_1542_pir_2020_000638 crossref_primary_10_3389_fped_2024_1406637 crossref_primary_10_1089_bfm_2024_0001 crossref_primary_10_3390_nu16172904 crossref_primary_10_3389_fnut_2024_1449022 crossref_primary_10_3390_nu16060910 crossref_primary_10_3390_nu13124307 crossref_primary_10_1089_bfm_2024_0126 crossref_primary_10_3390_nu13020340 crossref_primary_10_1093_femsle_fnab001 crossref_primary_10_1038_s41598_025_04740_8 crossref_primary_10_1111_jth_15874 crossref_primary_10_3389_fnut_2021_692600 crossref_primary_10_1002_jpen_2568 crossref_primary_10_1093_nutrit_nuaf110 crossref_primary_10_3390_ijerph18147544 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_siny_2022_101392 crossref_primary_10_1093_advances_nmaa039 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jpp_2023_04_006 crossref_primary_10_1055_a_2527_4638 crossref_primary_10_1007_s13312_025_00110_9 crossref_primary_10_3390_nu14163311 crossref_primary_10_3390_nu12082229 crossref_primary_10_1186_s12887_025_05735_0 crossref_primary_10_1097_ANC_0000000000001002 crossref_primary_10_1055_s_0040_1721374 crossref_primary_10_3390_nu17101651 crossref_primary_10_3390_nu12123646 crossref_primary_10_1002_jpen_2558 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_anpede_2020_03_006 crossref_primary_10_1097_MPG_0000000000003298 crossref_primary_10_12968_hmed_2021_0101 crossref_primary_10_1002_jpen_2553 crossref_primary_10_3390_children8040298 crossref_primary_10_3390_children12091227 crossref_primary_10_3390_nu12061857 crossref_primary_10_1038_s41372_021_00989_9 crossref_primary_10_3390_microorganisms13081772 crossref_primary_10_1186_s13006_021_00447_4 crossref_primary_10_1002_hsr2_1958 crossref_primary_10_3390_foods13091298 crossref_primary_10_1038_s41372_022_01475_6 crossref_primary_10_5005_jp_journals_11002_0130 crossref_primary_10_3390_nu13062089 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_semperi_2020_151387 crossref_primary_10_1177_19345798251350987 crossref_primary_10_1007_s12161_021_02030_3 crossref_primary_10_1038_s41390_025_04086_x crossref_primary_10_3390_nu15163515 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_advnut_2024_100305 crossref_primary_10_1038_s41372_020_0609_1 crossref_primary_10_1097_JPN_0000000000000800 crossref_primary_10_3390_nu17162644 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_clnu_2024_11_005 crossref_primary_10_1002_14651858_CD013465_pub2 crossref_primary_10_1542_neo_23_8_e558 crossref_primary_10_1097_MPG_0000000000003642 crossref_primary_10_3390_nu12082247 crossref_primary_10_1089_bfm_2021_0334 crossref_primary_10_3389_fped_2025_1596255 crossref_primary_10_1038_s41372_022_01502_6 crossref_primary_10_3389_fnut_2025_1566376 crossref_primary_10_3390_nu16111719 crossref_primary_10_1038_s41372_020_0637_x crossref_primary_10_1007_s12098_024_05066_5 crossref_primary_10_1017_S0007114523002982 crossref_primary_10_1093_tropej_fmac110 crossref_primary_10_3389_fnut_2024_1468886 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_clnu_2023_03_008 crossref_primary_10_1038_s41390_025_04115_9 crossref_primary_10_3390_nu14132709 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_advnut_2025_100432 crossref_primary_10_1177_0973217920938522 crossref_primary_10_1210_endrev_bnab029 crossref_primary_10_3390_nu11081855 crossref_primary_10_1002_jpn3_12431 crossref_primary_10_1002_jpn3_70104 crossref_primary_10_1038_s41372_022_01532_0 crossref_primary_10_3390_cells11152345 crossref_primary_10_3390_nu15061533 crossref_primary_10_1017_S0007114521005110
Cites_doi	10.1542/peds.2011-0282 10.1203/00006450-200101000-00023 10.1542/peds.107.4.683 10.1089/bfm.2011.0002 10.1136/bmj.300.6728.837 10.1038/jp.2016.98 10.1111/apa.13344 10.3389/fped.2018.00322 10.3109/14767058.2010.512414 10.1016/j.jpeds.2014.07.005 10.1017/S0007114515004614 10.1159/000323381 10.1542/peds.2015-0129 10.1136/archdischild-2014-306237.81 10.1159/000341335 10.1203/00006450-199804001-01528 10.1016/j.clp.2016.11.013 10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2013.08.015 10.1016/j.clp.2014.02.005 10.1542/peds.2006-3227 10.1002/14651858.CD004696.pub5 10.1097/MPG.0b013e3181adaee0 10.1016/j.jpeds.2013.07.011 10.3389/fnut.2017.00020 10.1136/archdischild-2014-306576.136 10.3390/nu10060690 10.1097/MPG.0b013e3182a3af0a 10.1016/j.clnu.2015.08.006 10.1111/j.1651-2227.1998.tb01747.x 10.1089/bfm.2012.0067 10.1038/ki.2009.201 10.1016/j.jpeds.2016.05.027 10.1111/j.1399-3038.2010.01102.x 10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2015.09.001 10.1111/apa.13757 10.1097/MPG.0b013e31819bc94b 10.1016/j.jpeds.2009.10.040 10.1136/archdischild-2014-306576.229 10.1002/14651858.CD004866.pub4 10.1111/pai.129.81 10.1159/000336127 10.1542/peds.2005-1368 10.1038/jp.2008.117 10.1097/01.mpg.0000471460.08792.4d 10.1016/j.jped.2015 10.1542/peds.110.6.1125 10.1542/peds.2010-0723 10.1038/jp.2015.168 10.1097/MPG.0000000000001790 10.1542/peds.2009-2959 10.1203/PDR.0b013e318163a271 10.1089/bfm.2015.0166 10.1016/j.jpeds.2008.05.042 10.1111/j.1651-2227.2011.02443.x 10.1038/jp.2009.50 10.1159/000358470 10.1186/s12937-017-0308-8 10.1111/mcn.12485 10.1136/archdischild-2018-315951 10.1016/j.jpeds.2013.04.052 10.1186/s12887-018-1136-5 10.1016/j.siny.2016.09.001 10.1177/0148607111414026 10.1016/j.siny.2016.08.004 10.1097/00005176-200105000-00012 10.1016/S0095-5108(02)00007-6 10.1097/00005176-199909000-00017 10.1038/jp.2016.230 10.1016/S0140-6736(15)01024-7 10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2010.04.001 10.1111/apa.13128 10.1016/j.clp.2016.11.001 10.1089/bfm.2014.0024 10.1136/adc.63.4.435 10.1038/sj.jp.7210548 10.1542/peds.2007-0054 10.1038/sj.jp.7211571 10.1017/S0007114509371755 10.1055/s-0031-1295652 10.1542/peds.2004-1974 10.1002/14651858.CD000343.pub3 10.1007/s00112-011-2618-9 10.1136/archdischild-2014-308095 10.1136/bmj.317.7171.1481 10.1067/S0022-3476(03)00243-9 10.1136/archdischild-2016-312572 10.1515/jpm.2010.064 10.1016/j.clp.2016.11.011 10.1016/j.jpeds.2015.10.080 10.1097/01.mpg.0000471452.85920.4d 10.1002/14651858.CD002971 10.1016/j.jogn.2017.05.005 10.1089/bfm.2013.0049 10.1097/MPG.0000000000001142 10.1097/00005176-200310000-00008 10.1097/MPG.0000000000000989 10.1038/jp.2011.67 10.1016/j.clp.2016.11.004 10.1159/isbn.978-3-318-02641-2 10.1016/j.jpeds.2016.02.077 10.1159/000452819 10.1159/000358462 10.1016/j.copbio.2016.11.013 10.1038/jp.2009.53 10.1177/0890334417710635 10.1038/jp.2016.85 10.1186/1471-2431-13-178 10.1097/MPG.0000000000001686 10.1111/apa.13237 10.1097/MCO.0000000000000167 10.3945/ajcn.112.042689 10.1136/bmjopen-2012-000834 10.1016/j.clp.2016.11.010 10.1093/ajcn/nqy067 10.1097/ANC.0000000000000387 10.23750/abm.v88i4.5316 10.1097/01.mpg.0000221915.73264.c7 10.1016/j.pcl.2009.03.005 10.1016/j.jpeds.2016.03.003 10.3945/an.114.006643 10.1053/j.semperi.2016.09.016
ContentType	Journal Article
Copyright	licence_http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero Copyright © 2019 Arslanoglu, Boquien, King, Lamireau, Tonetto, Barnett, Bertino, Gaya, Gebauer, Grovslien, Moro, Weaver, Wesolowska and Picaud. 2019 Arslanoglu, Boquien, King, Lamireau, Tonetto, Barnett, Bertino, Gaya, Gebauer, Grovslien, Moro, Weaver, Wesolowska and Picaud
Copyright_xml	– notice: licence_http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero – notice: Copyright © 2019 Arslanoglu, Boquien, King, Lamireau, Tonetto, Barnett, Bertino, Gaya, Gebauer, Grovslien, Moro, Weaver, Wesolowska and Picaud. 2019 Arslanoglu, Boquien, King, Lamireau, Tonetto, Barnett, Bertino, Gaya, Gebauer, Grovslien, Moro, Weaver, Wesolowska and Picaud
DBID	AAYXX CITATION NPM 7X8 1XC VOOES 5PM DOA
DOI	10.3389/fped.2019.00076
DatabaseName	CrossRef PubMed MEDLINE - Academic Hyper Article en Ligne (HAL) Hyper Article en Ligne (HAL) (Open Access) PubMed Central (Full Participant titles) Directory of Open Access Journals
DatabaseTitle	CrossRef PubMed MEDLINE - Academic
DatabaseTitleList	PubMed MEDLINE - Academic
Database_xml	– sequence: 1 dbid: DOA name: DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals url: https://www.doaj.org/ sourceTypes: Open Website – sequence: 2 dbid: NPM name: PubMed url: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed sourceTypes: Index Database – sequence: 3 dbid: 7X8 name: MEDLINE - Academic url: https://search.proquest.com/medline sourceTypes: Aggregation Database
DeliveryMethod	fulltext_linktorsrc
Discipline	Medicine
EISSN	2296-2360
ExternalDocumentID	oai_doaj_org_article_b8c5cc8624f24f9d8b0acda74eb4f14b PMC6439523 oai:HAL:hal-02628588v1 30968003 10_3389_fped_2019_00076
Genre	Journal Article Review
GroupedDBID	53G 5VS 9T4 AAFWJ AAYXX ACGFO ACGFS ADBBV ADRAZ AFPKN ALMA_UNASSIGNED_HOLDINGS AOIJS BAWUL BCNDV CITATION DIK GROUPED_DOAJ GX1 HYE KQ8 M48 M~E OK1 PGMZT RNS RPM ACXDI EMOBN IPNFZ NPM RIG 7X8 1XC VOOES 5PM
ID	FETCH-LOGICAL-c493t-69f1d3b19fbe6f4b6159b076eb730032482c1737dde122bca3eb1762a7af7d2a3
IEDL.DBID	DOA
ISICitedReferencesCount	206
ISICitedReferencesURI	http://www.webofscience.com/api/gateway?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=Summon&SrcAuth=ProQuest&DestLinkType=CitingArticles&DestApp=WOS_CPL&KeyUT=000462557500002&url=https%3A%2F%2Fcvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com%2F%23%21%2Fsearch%3Fho%3Df%26include.ft.matches%3Dt%26l%3Dnull%26q%3D
ISSN	2296-2360
IngestDate	Fri Oct 03 12:33:18 EDT 2025 Thu Aug 21 18:16:59 EDT 2025 Sat Nov 22 06:20:28 EST 2025 Fri Sep 05 13:18:49 EDT 2025 Thu Apr 03 06:59:16 EDT 2025 Sat Nov 29 02:51:30 EST 2025 Tue Nov 18 22:18:49 EST 2025
IsDoiOpenAccess	true
IsOpenAccess	true
IsPeerReviewed	true
IsScholarly	true
Keywords	nutrition prematurity protein adjustable fortification growth human milk individualized fortification
Language	English
License	licence_http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/: http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
LinkModel	DirectLink
MergedId	FETCHMERGED-LOGICAL-c493t-69f1d3b19fbe6f4b6159b076eb730032482c1737dde122bca3eb1762a7af7d2a3
Notes	ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 ObjectType-Review-3 content type line 23 This article was submitted to Neonatology, a section of the journal Frontiers in Pediatrics Edited by: Maximo Vento, Hospital Universitari i Politècnic La Fe, Spain European Milk Bank Association (EMBA) Working Group on Human Milk Fortification Reviewed by: Miguel Saenz De Pipaon, University Hospital La Paz, Spain; Catherine Mullié, University of Picardie Jules Verne, France; Ehsan Khafipour, University of Manitoba, Canada
ORCID	0000-0001-6944-5372 0000-0002-4999-6668
OpenAccessLink	https://doaj.org/article/b8c5cc8624f24f9d8b0acda74eb4f14b
PMID	30968003
PQID	2207158101
PQPubID	23479
ParticipantIDs	doaj_primary_oai_doaj_org_article_b8c5cc8624f24f9d8b0acda74eb4f14b pubmedcentral_primary_oai_pubmedcentral_nih_gov_6439523 hal_primary_oai_HAL_hal_02628588v1 proquest_miscellaneous_2207158101 pubmed_primary_30968003 crossref_primary_10_3389_fped_2019_00076 crossref_citationtrail_10_3389_fped_2019_00076
PublicationCentury	2000
PublicationDate	2019-00-00
PublicationDateYYYYMMDD	2019-01-01
PublicationDate_xml	– year: 2019 text: 2019-00-00
PublicationDecade	2010
PublicationPlace	Switzerland
PublicationPlace_xml	– name: Switzerland
PublicationTitle	Frontiers in pediatrics
PublicationTitleAlternate	Front Pediatr
PublicationYear	2019
Publisher	Frontiers Frontiers Media S.A
Publisher_xml	– name: Frontiers – name: Frontiers Media S.A
References	Kreins (B54) 2018; 6 Young (B106) 2013 Ehrenkranz (B5) 2006; 117 Victora (B20) 2016; 387 Arslanoglu (B68) 2010; 23 McLeod (B102) 2016; 115 Embleton (B65) 2013; 8 Mimouni (B92) 2017; 44 Griffin (B17) 2016; 101 Corvaglia (B90) 2010; 86 Abrams (B62) 2014; 9 Buffin (B101) 2017; 37 Spiegler (B37) 2016; 169 Bacchetta (B12) 2009; 76 Belfort (B2) 2017; 22 Alan (B96) 2013; 89 Eidelman (B19) 2012; 7 Lucas (B72) 1990; 300 Chan (B11) 2016; 105 Toftlund (B119) 2018; 30 Isaacs (B6) 2008; 63 Latal-Hajnal (B4) 2003; 143 Hay (B46) 2016; 36 Stephens (B1) 2014; 41 Biasini (B98) 2018; 88 Rozé (B39) 2012; 2 Horbar (B16) 2015; 136 Lechner (B41) 2017; 44 Polberger (B79) 1999; 29 Olsen (B84) 2002; 110 Henriksen (B86) 2009; 102 Perrin (B67) 2018; 66 Sullivan (B33) 2010; 156 Rochow (B80) 2015; 18 Koletzko (B53) 2014; 110 Aimone (B120) 2009; 49 Hernell (B23) 2016; 173 Radmacher (B45) 2017; 22 Agostoni (B52) 2010; 50 Ong (B10) 2015; 104 Meinzen-Derr (B31) 2009; 29 Wilson (B108) 2018 King (B123) 2014; 99 Cole (B18) 2014; 99 David (B71) 1988; 63 Corpeleijn (B30) 2012; 102 Stephens (B9) 2009; 56 Carver (B110) 2001; 107 Stoll (B15) 2010; 126 Picaud (B75) 2016; 63 Borkhardt (B113) 2012; 160 Marino (B114) 2018 Ziegler (B50) 2011; 58 Aggett (B103) 2006; 42 B69 Maly (B91) 2018; 104 Fomon (B109) 1993 Arslanoglu (B88) 2009; 29 Belfort (B7) 2011; 128 Guellec (B8) 2016; 175 Moro (B42) 2015; 61 O'Connor (B118) 2008; 121 Ramel (B14) 2016; 173 Bellagamba (B48) 2016; 62 Lucas (B3) 1998; 317 Bode (B24) 2015; 91 Maffei (B28) 2017; 41 Zachariassen (B116) 2011; 127 O'Connor (B83) 2003; 37 Teller (B104) 2016; 35 Mathes (B99) 2018; 18 da Cunha (B117) 2016; 92 Billeaud (B55) 2018; 10 Rochow (B76) 2013; 163 Arslanoglu (B78) 2015; 61 Coscia (B57) 2018; 17 de Halleux (B81) 2013; 98 Ganapathy (B63) 2012; 7 Maas (B87) 2013; 13 Meredith-Dennis (B58) 2018; 34 Koletzko (B22) 2016; 69 Bode (B26) 2014; 5 Bharwani (B36) 2016; 36 Dicky (B38) 2017; 106 Ziegler (B44) 2014; 110 Hylander (B35) 2001; 21 Arslanoglu (B43) 2010; 38 Hay (B89) 2009; 29 Young (B105) 2016; 12 Arslanoglu (B77) 2012; 26 Ergenekon (B97) 2013; 55 Pieltain (B85) 2001; 49 O'Connor (B121) 2012; 36 Picaud (B70) 2001; 32 Senterre (B47) 2012; 101 Lönnerdal (B21) 2017; 44 Cristofalo (B61) 2013; 163 Schanler (B32) 2005; 116 Theile (B125) 2012; 32 Hair (B59) 2014; 165 Quigley (B27) 2014; 22 Zachariassen (B73) 2011; 22 Domellöf (B49) 2014; 110 Ziegler (B51) 2002; 29 Arslanoglu (B29) 2013; 57 O'Connor (B66) 2018; 108 Picaud (B112) 2008; 153 McGuire (B25) 2017; 44 Rigo (B56) 2017; 65 Hair (B60) 2016; 11 Vohr (B40) 2007; 120 Assad (B64) 2016; 36 Ginovart (B94) 2017; 17 Kumar (B93) 2017; 26 Fusch (B100) 2017; 44 King (B124) 2014 Mimouni (B95) 2017; 44 Cooke (B111) 1998; 43 Ramel (B13) 2012; 102 Lapointe (B107) 2016; 105 Thanhaeuser (B122) 2017; 46 Wauben (B115) 1998; 87 Brown (B82) 2016; 8 Maayan-Metzger (B34) 2012; 29 Arslanoglu (B74) 2006; 26
References_xml	– volume: 128 start-page: e899 year: 2011 ident: B7 article-title: Infant growth before and after term: effects on neurodevelopment in preterm infants publication-title: Pediatrics doi: 10.1542/peds.2011-0282 – volume: 49 start-page: 120 year: 2001 ident: B85 article-title: Weight gain composition in preterm infants with dual energy X-ray absorptiometry publication-title: Pediat Res. doi: 10.1203/00006450-200101000-00023 – volume: 107 start-page: 683 year: 2001 ident: B110 article-title: Growth of preterm infants fed nutrient-enriched or term formula after hospital discharge publication-title: Pediatrics doi: 10.1542/peds.107.4.683 – volume: 7 start-page: 29 year: 2012 ident: B63 article-title: Costs of necrotizing enterocolitis and costeffectiveness of exclusively human milk based products in feeding extremely premature infants publication-title: Breastfeed Med. doi: 10.1089/bfm.2011.0002 – volume: 300 start-page: 837 year: 1990 ident: B72 article-title: Early diet of preterm infants and development of allergic or atopic disease: randomized prospective study publication-title: Br Med J doi: 10.1136/bmj.300.6728.837 – volume: 36 start-page: 913 year: 2016 ident: B36 article-title: Systematic review and meta-analysis of human milk intake and retinopathy of prematurity: a significant update publication-title: J Perinatol. doi: 10.1038/jp.2016.98 – volume: 105 start-page: 587e99 year: 2016 ident: B11 article-title: Nutrition and neurodevelopmental outcomes in preterm infants: a systematic review publication-title: Acta Paediatr doi: 10.1111/apa.13344 – volume: 6 start-page: 322 year: 2018 ident: B54 article-title: Individualized fortification influences the osmolality of human milk publication-title: Frontiers Pediatr doi: 10.3389/fped.2018.00322 – volume: 23 start-page: 1 year: 2010 ident: B68 article-title: Guidelines for the establishment and operation of a donor human milk bank publication-title: J Mater Fetal Neonatal Med. doi: 10.3109/14767058.2010.512414 – volume: 165 start-page: 915 year: 2014 ident: B59 article-title: Randomized trial of human milk cream as a supplement to standard fortification of an exclusive human milk-based diet in infants 750–1250 g birth weight publication-title: J Pediatr doi: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2014.07.005 – volume: 115 start-page: 431 year: 2016 ident: B102 article-title: Comparing different methods of human breast milk fortification using measured v publication-title: Br J Nutr. doi: 10.1017/S0007114515004614 – volume: 58 start-page: 8 year: 2011 ident: B50 article-title: Meeting the nutritional needs of the low-birth-weight infant publication-title: Ann Nutr Metab doi: 10.1159/000323381 – volume: 136 start-page: e84 year: 2015 ident: B16 article-title: Weight growth velocity and postnatal growth failure in infants 501 to 1500 grams: 2000-2013 publication-title: Pediatrics doi: 10.1542/peds.2015-0129 – volume: 99 start-page: F34 year: 2014 ident: B18 article-title: Neonatal data analysis unit and the preterm growth investigator group publication-title: Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed. doi: 10.1136/archdischild-2014-306237.81 – volume: 102 start-page: 276 year: 2012 ident: B30 article-title: Intake of own mother's milk during the first days of life is associated with decreased morbidity and mortality in very low birth weight infants during the first 60 days of life publication-title: Neonatology doi: 10.1159/000341335 – volume: 43 start-page: 355 year: 1998 ident: B111 article-title: Feeding preterm infants after hospital discharge: effect of dietary manipulation on nutrient intake and growth publication-title: Pediatr Res doi: 10.1203/00006450-199804001-01528 – volume: 44 start-page: 179 year: 2017 ident: B21 article-title: Bioactive proteins in human milk-potential benefits for preterm infants publication-title: Clin Perinatol. doi: 10.1016/j.clp.2016.11.013 – volume: 89 start-page: 1017 year: 2013 ident: B96 article-title: An intention to achieve better postnatal in-hospital-growth for preterm infants: adjustable protein fortification of human milk publication-title: Early Hum Dev. doi: 10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2013.08.015 – volume: 41 start-page: 323 year: 2014 ident: B1 article-title: Protein intake and neurodevelopmental outcomes publication-title: Clin Perinatol doi: 10.1016/j.clp.2014.02.005 – volume: 120 start-page: e953e9 year: 2007 ident: B40 article-title: National institute of child health and human development national research network publication-title: Pediatrics doi: 10.1542/peds.2006-3227 – volume: 55 start-page: 365 year: 2013 ident: B97 article-title: Short- and long-term effects of individualized enteral protein supplementation in preterm newborns publication-title: Turk J Pediatr. – volume: 12 start-page: CD004696 year: 2016 ident: B105 article-title: Nutrient-enriched formula versus standard formula for preterm infants following hospital discharge publication-title: Cochr Database Syst Rev. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD004696.pub5 – ident: B69 – volume: 50 start-page: 85 year: 2010 ident: B52 article-title: ESPGHAN Committee on Nutrition publication-title: J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr. doi: 10.1097/MPG.0b013e3181adaee0 – volume: 163 start-page: 1592 year: 2013 ident: B61 article-title: Randomized trial of exclusive human milk versus preterm formula diets in extremely premature infants publication-title: J Pediatr. doi: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2013.07.011 – volume: 26 start-page: 20 year: 2017 ident: B93 article-title: Optimizing nutrition in preterm low birth weight infants- Consensus Summary publication-title: Front Nutr. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2017.00020 – year: 2014 ident: B124 article-title: Three year experience of using breast milk fortifer post discharge in preterm babies publication-title: Arch Dis child F&N doi: 10.1136/archdischild-2014-306576.136 – volume: 10 start-page: E690 year: 2018 ident: B55 article-title: Effects on fatty acid metabolism of a new powdered human milk fortifier containing medium-chain triacylglycerols and docosahexaenoic acid in preterm infants publication-title: Nutrients. doi: 10.3390/nu10060690 – volume: 57 start-page: 535 year: 2013 ident: B29 article-title: ESPGHAN Committee on Nutrition publication-title: J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr. doi: 10.1097/MPG.0b013e3182a3af0a – volume: 35 start-page: 791 year: 2016 ident: B104 article-title: Post-discharge formula feeding in preterm infants: a systematic review mapping evidence about the role of macronutrient enrichment publication-title: Clin Nutr. doi: 10.1016/j.clnu.2015.08.006 – volume: 87 start-page: 780 year: 1998 ident: B115 article-title: Growth and body composition of preterm infants: influence of nutrient fortification of mother's milk in hospital and breastfeeding post-hospital discharge publication-title: Acta Paediatr doi: 10.1111/j.1651-2227.1998.tb01747.x – volume: 7 start-page: 323e4 year: 2012 ident: B19 article-title: Breastfeeding and the use of human milk: an analysis of the American Academy of Pediatrics 2012 Breastfeeding Policy Statement publication-title: Breastfeeding Med doi: 10.1089/bfm.2012.0067 – volume: 26 start-page: 65 year: 2012 ident: B77 article-title: Update of adjustable fortification regimen for preterm infants: a new protocol publication-title: J Biol Regul Homeost Agents. – volume: 76 start-page: 445 year: 2009 ident: B12 article-title: Both extrauterine and intrauterine growth restriction impair renal function in children born very preterm publication-title: Kidney Int. doi: 10.1038/ki.2009.201 – volume: 175 start-page: 93 year: 2016 ident: B8 article-title: Étude Épidémiologique sur les Petits Âges Gestationnels (EPIPAGE; [Epidemiological Study on Small Gestational Ages]) study group publication-title: J Pediatr. doi: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2016.05.027 – volume: 22 start-page: 515 year: 2011 ident: B73 article-title: Allergic diseases among very preterm infants according to nutrition after hospital discharge publication-title: Pediatr Allergy Immunol. doi: 10.1111/j.1399-3038.2010.01102.x – volume: 91 start-page: 619 year: 2015 ident: B24 article-title: The functional biology of human milk oligosaccharides publication-title: Early Hum Dev. doi: 10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2015.09.001 – volume: 106 start-page: 755 year: 2017 ident: B38 article-title: EPIPAGE 2 nutrition study group publication-title: Acta Paediatr doi: 10.1111/apa.13757 – volume: 49 start-page: 456 year: 2009 ident: B120 article-title: Growth and body composition of human milk–fed premature infants provided with extra energy and nutrients early after hospital discharge: 1-year Follow-up publication-title: J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr. doi: 10.1097/MPG.0b013e31819bc94b – volume: 156 start-page: 562e7 year: 2010 ident: B33 article-title: An exclusively human milk-based diet is associated with a lower rate of necrotizing enterocolitis than a diet of human milk and bovine milk-based products publication-title: J Pediatr doi: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2009.10.040 – volume: 99 start-page: A80 year: 2014 ident: B123 article-title: Use of breast milk fortifier in a preterm baby post discharge to avoid use of formula publication-title: Arch Dis Ch F&N doi: 10.1136/archdischild-2014-306576.229 – year: 2013 ident: B106 article-title: Multinutrient fortification of human breast milk for preterm infants following hospital discharge (Review) publication-title: Cochr Database Syst. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD004866.pub4 – volume: 30 start-page: 47 year: 2018 ident: B119 article-title: Improved lung function at age 6 in children born very preterm and fed extra protein post-discharge publication-title: Pediatr Allergy Immunol doi: 10.1111/pai.129.81 – volume: 102 start-page: 19 year: 2012 ident: B13 article-title: The relationship of poor linear growth velocity with neonatal illness and two-year neurodevelopment in preterm infants publication-title: Neonatology doi: 10.1159/000336127 – volume: 117 start-page: 1253 year: 2006 ident: B5 article-title: Growth in the neonatal intensive care unit influences neurodevelopmental and growth outcomes of extremely low birth weight infants publication-title: Pediatrics doi: 10.1542/peds.2005-1368 – volume: 29 start-page: 57 year: 2009 ident: B31 article-title: Role of human milk in extremely low birth weight infants' risk of necrotizing enterocolitis or death publication-title: J Perinatol. doi: 10.1038/jp.2008.117 – volume: 61 start-page: S16 year: 2015 ident: B42 article-title: American academy of pediatrics; european society for pediatric gastroenterology, hepatology, and nutrition publication-title: J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr. doi: 10.1097/01.mpg.0000471460.08792.4d – volume: 92 start-page: 136 year: 2016 ident: B117 article-title: Breast milk supplementation and preterm infant development after hospital discharge: a randomized clinical trial publication-title: J Pediatr doi: 10.1016/j.jped.2015 – volume: 110 start-page: 1125 year: 2002 ident: B84 article-title: Intersite differences in weight growth velocity of extremely premature infants publication-title: Pediatrics. doi: 10.1542/peds.110.6.1125 – volume: 127 start-page: e995 year: 2011 ident: B116 article-title: Nutrient enrichment of mother's milk and growth of very preterm infants after hospital discharge publication-title: Pediatrics doi: 10.1542/peds.2010-0723 – volume: 36 start-page: 216 year: 2016 ident: B64 article-title: Decreased cost and improved feeding tolerance in VLBW infants fed an exclusive human milk diet publication-title: J Perinatol. doi: 10.1038/jp.2015.168 – volume: 66 start-page: 664 year: 2018 ident: B67 article-title: Donor human milk and fortifier use in United States Level 2:3, and 4 neonatal care hospitals publication-title: J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr. doi: 10.1097/MPG.0000000000001790 – volume: 126 start-page: 443 year: 2010 ident: B15 article-title: Eunice kennedy shriver national institute of child health and human development neonatal research network publication-title: Pediatrics. doi: 10.1542/peds.2009-2959 – volume: 63 start-page: 308 year: 2008 ident: B6 article-title: The effect of early human diet on caudate volumes and IQ publication-title: Pediatr Res. doi: 10.1203/PDR.0b013e318163a271 – volume: 11 start-page: 133 year: 2016 ident: B60 article-title: Premature infants 750–1,250 g birth weight supplemented with a novel human milk-derived cream are discharged sooner publication-title: Breastfeed Med. doi: 10.1089/bfm.2015.0166 – volume: 153 start-page: 616 year: 2008 ident: B112 article-title: Growth and bone mineralization in preterm infants fed preterm formula or standard term formula after discharge publication-title: J Pediatr. doi: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2008.05.042 – volume: 101 start-page: e64 year: 2012 ident: B47 article-title: Reduction in postnatal cumulative nutritional deficit and improvement of growth in extremely preterm infants publication-title: Acta Paediatr. doi: 10.1111/j.1651-2227.2011.02443.x – volume: 29 start-page: 489 year: 2009 ident: B88 article-title: Preterm infants fed fortified human milk receive less protein than they need publication-title: J Perinatol doi: 10.1038/jp.2009.50 – volume: 110 start-page: 215 year: 2014 ident: B44 article-title: Human milk and human milk fortifiers publication-title: World Rev Nutr Diet doi: 10.1159/000358470 – volume: 17 start-page: 6 year: 2018 ident: B57 article-title: Nutritional adequacy of a novel human milk fortifier from donkey milk in feeding preterm infants: study protocol of a randomized controlled clinical trial publication-title: Nutr J. doi: 10.1186/s12937-017-0308-8 – year: 2018 ident: B108 article-title: EPICE Research Group publication-title: Matern Child Nutr. doi: 10.1111/mcn.12485 – year: 2018 ident: B114 article-title: Home use of breast milk fortifier to promote postdischarge growth and breastfeeding in preterm infants : a quality improvement project publication-title: Arch Dis Child doi: 10.1136/archdischild-2018-315951 – volume: 163 start-page: 1001 year: 2013 ident: B76 article-title: Target fortification of breast milk with fat, protein and carbohydrates for preterm infants publication-title: J Pediatr doi: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2013.04.052 – volume: 18 start-page: 154 year: 2018 ident: B99 article-title: Effect of increased enteral protein intake on plasma and urinary urea concentrations in preterm infants born at <32 weeks gestation and <1500 g birth weight enrolled in a randomized controlled trial - a secondary analysis publication-title: BMC Pediatr. doi: 10.1186/s12887-018-1136-5 – volume: 22 start-page: 42 year: 2017 ident: B2 article-title: Neurodevelopmental outcomes and nutritional strategies in very low birth weight infants publication-title: Semin Fetal Neonatal Med. doi: 10.1016/j.siny.2016.09.001 – volume: 36 start-page: 349 year: 2012 ident: B121 article-title: Visual development of human milk–fed preterm Infants Provided With Extra Energy and Nutrients after Hospital Discharge publication-title: JPEN doi: 10.1177/0148607111414026 – volume: 22 start-page: 30 year: 2017 ident: B45 article-title: Fortification of human milk for preterm infants publication-title: Semin Fetal Neonatal Med. doi: 10.1016/j.siny.2016.08.004 – volume: 32 start-page: 555 year: 2001 ident: B70 article-title: Nutritional efficacy of preterm formula with a partially hydrolyzed protein source: a randomized pilot study publication-title: J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr. doi: 10.1097/00005176-200105000-00012 – volume: 29 start-page: 225 year: 2002 ident: B51 article-title: Aggressive nutrition of the very low birthweight infant publication-title: Clin Perinatol. doi: 10.1016/S0095-5108(02)00007-6 – volume: 29 start-page: 332 year: 1999 ident: B79 article-title: Individualized protein fortification of human milk for preterm infants: comparison of ultrafiltrated human milk protein and a bovine whey fortifier publication-title: J Pediatr Gastr Nutr. doi: 10.1097/00005176-199909000-00017 – volume: 37 start-page: 552 year: 2017 ident: B101 article-title: Assessment of human milk composition using mid-infrared analyzers requires calibration adjustment publication-title: J Perinatol. doi: 10.1038/jp.2016.230 – volume: 387 start-page: 475 year: 2016 ident: B20 article-title: Lancet breastfeeding series group publication-title: Lancet. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(15)01024-7 – volume: 86 start-page: 237 year: 2010 ident: B90 article-title: Standard fortification of preterm human milk fails to meet recommended protein intake: bedside evaluation by Near-Infrared-Reflectance-Analysis publication-title: Early Hum Dev doi: 10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2010.04.001 – volume: 104 start-page: 974 year: 2015 ident: B10 article-title: Postnatal growth in preterm infants and later health outcomes: a systematic review publication-title: Acta Paediatr. doi: 10.1111/apa.13128 – start-page: 103 year: 1993 ident: B109 article-title: Energy – volume: 44 start-page: 209 year: 2017 ident: B100 article-title: “Bed Side” human milk analysis in the neonatal intensive care unit: a systematic review publication-title: Clin Perinatol. doi: 10.1016/j.clp.2016.11.001 – volume: 9 start-page: 281 year: 2014 ident: B62 article-title: Greater mortality and morbidity in extremely preterm infants fed a diet containing cow milk protein products publication-title: Breastfeed Med. doi: 10.1089/bfm.2014.0024 – volume: 63 start-page: 435 year: 1988 ident: B71 article-title: Atopic eczema and preterm birth publication-title: Arch Dis Child. doi: 10.1136/adc.63.4.435 – volume: 21 start-page: 356e62 year: 2001 ident: B35 article-title: Association of human milk feedings with a reduction in retinopathy of prematurity among very low birth weight infants publication-title: J Perinatol doi: 10.1038/sj.jp.7210548 – volume: 121 start-page: 766 year: 2008 ident: B118 article-title: Growth and nutrient intakes of human milk-fed preterm infants provided with extra energy and nutrients after hospital discharge publication-title: Pediatrics doi: 10.1542/peds.2007-0054 – volume: 26 start-page: 614 year: 2006 ident: B74 article-title: Adjustable fortification of human milk fed to preterm infants: does it make a difference? publication-title: J Perinatol. doi: 10.1038/sj.jp.7211571 – volume: 102 start-page: 1179 year: 2009 ident: B86 article-title: Growth and nutrient intake among very-low-birth-weight infants fed fortified human milk during hospitalization publication-title: Br J Nutr. doi: 10.1017/S0007114509371755 – volume: 29 start-page: 121e6 year: 2012 ident: B34 article-title: Human milk versus formula feeding among preterm infants: short-term outcomes publication-title: Am J Perinatol doi: 10.1055/s-0031-1295652 – volume: 116 start-page: 400e6 year: 2005 ident: B32 article-title: Randomized trial of donor human milk versus preterm formula as substitutes for mothers' own milk in the feeding of extremely premature infants publication-title: Pediatrics doi: 10.1542/peds.2004-1974 – volume: 8 start-page: CD000343 year: 2016 ident: B82 article-title: Multi-nutrient fortification of human milk for preterm infants publication-title: Cochr Database Syst Rev. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD000343.pub3 – volume: 160 start-page: 491 year: 2012 ident: B113 article-title: Nutrition of premature infants after discharge publication-title: Monatsschr Kinderheilkd doi: 10.1007/s00112-011-2618-9 – volume: 101 start-page: F50e5 year: 2016 ident: B17 article-title: Postnatal growth failure in very low birthweight infants born between 2005 and 2012 publication-title: Archs Dis Childh Fetal Neonatal Ed doi: 10.1136/archdischild-2014-308095 – volume: 317 start-page: 1481 year: 1998 ident: B3 article-title: Randomised trial of early diet in preterm babies and later intelligence quotient publication-title: BMJ doi: 10.1136/bmj.317.7171.1481 – volume: 143 start-page: 163 year: 2003 ident: B4 article-title: Postnatal growth in VLBW infants: significant association with neurodevelopmental outcome publication-title: J Pediatr. doi: 10.1067/S0022-3476(03)00243-9 – volume: 104 start-page: F50 year: 2018 ident: B91 article-title: PREMATURE MILK study group publication-title: Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed. doi: 10.1136/archdischild-2016-312572 – volume: 38 start-page: 233 year: 2010 ident: B43 article-title: Optimization of human milk fortification for preterm infants: new concepts and recommendations publication-title: J Perinat Med. doi: 10.1515/jpm.2010.064 – volume: 44 start-page: 175 year: 2017 ident: B95 article-title: The use of multinutrient human milk fortifiers in preterm infants: a systematic review of unanswered questions publication-title: Clin Perinatol doi: 10.1016/j.clp.2016.11.011 – volume: 169 start-page: 76 year: 2016 ident: B37 article-title: German Neonatal Network (GNN) publication-title: J Pediatr. doi: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2015.10.080 – volume: 61 start-page: S4 year: 2015 ident: B78 article-title: IV. Individualized fortification of human milk: adjustable fortification publication-title: J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr doi: 10.1097/01.mpg.0000471452.85920.4d – volume: 22 start-page: CD002971 year: 2014 ident: B27 article-title: Formula versus donor breast milk for feeding preterm or low birth weight infants publication-title: Cochr Database Syst Rev. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD002971 – volume: 46 start-page: 748 year: 2017 ident: B122 article-title: Administration of fortifier by finger feeder during breastfeeding in preterm infants publication-title: J Obstet Gynecol Neonatal Nurs. doi: 10.1016/j.jogn.2017.05.005 – volume: 8 start-page: 421 year: 2013 ident: B65 article-title: Effectiveness of human milk-based fortifiers for preventing necrotizing enterocolitis in preterm infants: case not proven publication-title: Breastfeed Med. doi: 10.1089/bfm.2013.0049 – volume: 63 start-page: 103 year: 2016 ident: B75 article-title: Additional protein fortification is necessary in extremely low-birth-weight infants fed human milk publication-title: J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr. doi: 10.1097/MPG.0000000000001142 – volume: 37 start-page: 437 year: 2003 ident: B83 article-title: Growing and development of premature infants fed predominantly human milk, predominantly premature infant formula, or a combination of human milk and premature formula publication-title: J Pediatr Gastr Nutr. doi: 10.1097/00005176-200310000-00008 – volume: 62 start-page: 879 year: 2016 ident: B48 article-title: One extra gram of protein to preterm infants from birth to 1800 g: A single-blinded randomized clinical trial publication-title: JPGN doi: 10.1097/MPG.0000000000000989 – volume: 32 start-page: 117 year: 2012 ident: B125 article-title: Nutritional strategies and growth in extremely low birth weight infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia over the past 10 years publication-title: J Perinatol doi: 10.1038/jp.2011.67 – volume: 44 start-page: 69 year: 2017 ident: B41 article-title: Neurodevelopmental outcomes of preterm infants fed human milk: a systematic review publication-title: Clin Perinatol. doi: 10.1016/j.clp.2016.11.004 – volume: 110 start-page: 297 year: 2014 ident: B53 article-title: Recommended nutrient intake levels for stable, fully enteral fed very low birth weight infants publication-title: World Rev Nutr Diet doi: 10.1159/isbn.978-3-318-02641-2 – volume: 173 start-page: S60 year: 2016 ident: B23 article-title: Clinical benefits of milk fat globule membranes for infants and children publication-title: J Pediatr. doi: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2016.02.077 – volume: 69 start-page: 28 year: 2016 ident: B22 article-title: Human Milk Lipids publication-title: Ann Nutr Metab. doi: 10.1159/000452819 – volume: 110 start-page: 121 year: 2014 ident: B49 article-title: Nutritional care of premature infants: microminerals publication-title: World Rev Nutr Diet doi: 10.1159/000358462 – volume: 44 start-page: 63 year: 2017 ident: B25 article-title: Got bacteria? publication-title: Curr Opin Biotechnol. doi: 10.1016/j.copbio.2016.11.013 – volume: 29 start-page: 465 year: 2009 ident: B89 article-title: Optimizing protein intake in preterm infants publication-title: J Perinatol. doi: 10.1038/jp.2009.53 – volume: 34 start-page: 120 year: 2018 ident: B58 article-title: Composition and variation of macronutrients, immune proteins, and human milk oligosaccharides in human milk from nonprofit and commercial milk banks publication-title: J Hum Lact. doi: 10.1177/0890334417710635 – volume: 36 start-page: 500 year: 2016 ident: B46 article-title: Growth failure among preterm infants due to insufficient protein is not innocuous and must be prevented publication-title: J Perinatol. doi: 10.1038/jp.2016.85 – volume: 13 start-page: 178 year: 2013 ident: B87 article-title: Early feeding of fortified breast milk and in-hospital-growth in very premature infants: a retrospective cohort analysis publication-title: BMC Pediatr. doi: 10.1186/1471-2431-13-178 – volume: 65 start-page: e83 year: 2017 ident: B56 article-title: Growth and nutritional biomarkers of preterm infants fed a new powdered human milk fortifier: a randomized trial publication-title: J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr. doi: 10.1097/MPG.0000000000001686 – volume: 105 start-page: e54 year: 2016 ident: B107 article-title: Preventing postnatal growth restriction in infants with birthweight less than 1300 g publication-title: Acta Paediatr. doi: 10.1111/apa.13237 – volume: 18 start-page: 276 year: 2015 ident: B80 article-title: Challenges in breast milk fortification for preterm infants publication-title: Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care. doi: 10.1097/MCO.0000000000000167 – volume: 98 start-page: 529s year: 2013 ident: B81 article-title: Variability in human milk composition: benefit of individualized fortification in very-low-birth-weight infants publication-title: Am J Clin Nutr doi: 10.3945/ajcn.112.042689 – volume: 2 start-page: e000834 year: 2012 ident: B39 article-title: The apparent breastfeeding paradox in very preterm infants: relationship between breast feeding, early weight gain and neurodevelopment based on results from two cohorts, EPIPAGE and LIFT publication-title: BMJ Open doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2012-000834 – volume: 44 start-page: 165 year: 2017 ident: B92 article-title: Preterm human milk macronutrient and energy composition: a systematic review and metaanalysis publication-title: Clin Perinatol doi: 10.1016/j.clp.2016.11.010 – volume: 108 start-page: 108 year: 2018 ident: B66 article-title: OptiMoM feeding group publication-title: Am J Clin Nutr. doi: 10.1093/ajcn/nqy067 – volume: 17 start-page: 250 year: 2017 ident: B94 article-title: A fortified donor milk policy is associated with improved in-hospital head growth and weight gain in very low-birth-weight infants publication-title: Adv Neonatal Care. doi: 10.1097/ANC.0000000000000387 – volume: 88 start-page: 470 year: 2018 ident: B98 article-title: High protein intake in human/maternal milk fortification for ≤1250 gr infants: intrahospital growth and neurodevelopmental outcome at two years publication-title: Acta Biomed. doi: 10.23750/abm.v88i4.5316 – volume: 42 start-page: 596 year: 2006 ident: B103 article-title: Feeding preterm infants after hospital discharge: a commentary by the ESPGHAN Committee on Nutrition publication-title: J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr. doi: 10.1097/01.mpg.0000221915.73264.c7 – volume: 56 start-page: 631 year: 2009 ident: B9 article-title: First-week protein and energy intakes are associated with 18-month developmental outcomes in extremely low birth weight infants publication-title: Pediatr Clin North Am. doi: 10.1016/j.pcl.2009.03.005 – volume: 173 start-page: 108 year: 2016 ident: B14 article-title: Greater early gains in fat-free mass, but not fat mass, are associated with improved neurodevelopment at 1 year corrected age for prematurity in very low birth weight preterm infants publication-title: J Pediatr. doi: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2016.03.003 – volume: 5 start-page: 571 year: 2014 ident: B26 article-title: It's alive: microbes and cells in human milk and their potential benefits to mother and infant publication-title: Adv Nutr. doi: 10.3945/an.114.006643 – volume: 41 start-page: 36 year: 2017 ident: B28 article-title: Human milk is the feeding strategy to prevent necrotizing colitis publication-title: Semin Perinatol. doi: 10.1053/j.semperi.2016.09.016
SSID	ssj0000970515
Score	2.53629
SecondaryResourceType	review_article
Snippet	Evidence indicates that human milk (HM) is the best form of nutrition uniquely suited not only to term but also to preterm infants conferring health benefits...
SourceID	doaj pubmedcentral hal proquest pubmed crossref
SourceType	Open Website Open Access Repository Aggregation Database Index Database Enrichment Source
StartPage	76
SubjectTerms	adjustable fortification Food and Nutrition growth Human health and pathology human milk individualized fortification Life Sciences nutrition Pediatrics prematurity
Title	Fortification of Human Milk for Preterm Infants: Update and Recommendations of the European Milk Bank Association (EMBA) Working Group on Human Milk Fortification
URI	https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30968003 https://www.proquest.com/docview/2207158101 https://hal.inrae.fr/hal-02628588 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/PMC6439523 https://doaj.org/article/b8c5cc8624f24f9d8b0acda74eb4f14b
Volume	7
WOSCitedRecordID	wos000462557500002&url=https%3A%2F%2Fcvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com%2F%23%21%2Fsearch%3Fho%3Df%26include.ft.matches%3Dt%26l%3Dnull%26q%3D
hasFullText	1
inHoldings	1
isFullTextHit
isPrint
journalDatabaseRights	– providerCode: PRVAON databaseName: DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals customDbUrl: eissn: 2296-2360 dateEnd: 99991231 omitProxy: false ssIdentifier: ssj0000970515 issn: 2296-2360 databaseCode: DOA dateStart: 20130101 isFulltext: true titleUrlDefault: https://www.doaj.org/ providerName: Directory of Open Access Journals – providerCode: PRVHPJ databaseName: ROAD: Directory of Open Access Scholarly Resources customDbUrl: eissn: 2296-2360 dateEnd: 99991231 omitProxy: false ssIdentifier: ssj0000970515 issn: 2296-2360 databaseCode: M~E dateStart: 20130101 isFulltext: true titleUrlDefault: https://road.issn.org providerName: ISSN International Centre
link	http://cvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwrV1La9wwEBZtKKWXkj7j5oFaekgPbmxZtqzcdssuKWRDDg3sTUiyRJYk3mV3k2N_TH9pZmTvYreUXgrGB9mWbM149M14_A0hn3PhKwlQNzaWuZgLm8Q6BV0uwFcptfSF0-FH4XNxcVFOp_KyU-oLc8IaeuBm4k5MaXNr8TcGD5usSpNoW2nBneE-5QatL6CejjMVbLAUWLyk4fIBL0ye-IVDYtAU6SkTZBjpLEOBrR8Wl2vMhfwTaP6eL9lZgMa75GWLHOmgueNX5ImrX5Pnk_bb-BvyawxIGhN_wlzTuachQE8ns9sbCtCUXi5D6gv9XntMfjmlVwt096muK4pe6N2dayssrfBqQIZ0E6tvOhnq-oZ25EmPR5Ph4AttA-40xLEotHcG7t3UW3I1Hv34dha3FRhiy2W2jgvp0yozqfTGFZ4bgD_SwOw5gzT3gMVKZlORCbCRKWPG6gxMP5hXLbQXFdPZO7JTz2u3RyjW_sNAS6Id4wUHBQb_1XKupeU6MUVEvm4EomxLT45VMm4VuCkoQYUSVChBFSQYkePtBYuGmePvpw5RwtvTkFI7NICiqVbR1L8ULSKfQD96fZwNzhW2gR_LyrwsH9KIfNyoj4L3FD--6NrN71eKMQBzOdKpReR9o07bvjLwIwG4ZxERPUXrDdY_Us-uAxc4AsqcZR_-xxPukxc4Z02A6YDsrJf37pA8sw_r2Wp5RJ6KaXkUXjPYT36OHgFQyy_v
linkProvider	Directory of Open Access Journals
openUrl	ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info%3Aofi%2Fenc%3AUTF-8&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsummon.serialssolutions.com&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Fortification+of+human+milk+for+preterm+infants%3A+update+and+recommendations+of+the+european+milk+bank+association+%28emba%29+working+group+on+human+milk+fortification&rft.jtitle=Frontiers+in+pediatrics&rft.au=Arslanoglu%2C+Sertac&rft.au=Boquien%2C+Clair-Yves&rft.au=King%2C+Caroline&rft.au=Lamireau%2C+Delphine&rft.date=2019&rft.pub=Frontiers&rft.issn=2296-2360&rft.eissn=2296-2360&rft.volume=7&rft_id=info:doi/10.3389%2Ffped.2019.00076&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F30968003&rft.externalDBID=HAS_PDF_LINK&rft.externalDocID=oai%3AHAL%3Ahal-02628588v1
thumbnail_l	http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/lc.gif&issn=2296-2360&client=summon
thumbnail_m	http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/mc.gif&issn=2296-2360&client=summon
thumbnail_s	http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/sc.gif&issn=2296-2360&client=summon