Pleurotus spp. Mycelia Enriched in Magnesium and Zinc Salts as a Potential Functional Food

Worldwide, mushrooms belonging to the Pleurotus spp. such as P. citrinopileatus, P. djamor, and P. pulmonarius are highly valued not only for their taste and aroma but also for their health-promoting properties. These species are rich in bioelements, vitamins, and above all, compounds that exhibit i...

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Veröffentlicht in:	Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) Jg. 26; H. 1; S. 162
Hauptverfasser:	Włodarczyk, Anna, Krakowska, Agata, Sułkowska-Ziaja, Katarzyna, Suchanek, Małgorzata, Zięba, Piotr, Opoka, Włodzimierz, Muszyńska, Bożena
Format:	Journal Article
Sprache:	Englisch
Veröffentlicht:	Switzerland MDPI AG 31.12.2020 MDPI
Schlagworte:	Amino acids anions antioxidative effect Bioavailability bioelements Biomass Functional Food Humans Humidity indole compounds Magnesium - metabolism Metals Mushrooms Mycelium - growth & development Mycelium - metabolism phenolic compounds Pleurotus - growth & development Pleurotus - metabolism Pleurotus spp Zinc - metabolism Poland St Louis Missouri United States > US Europe Germany Pleurotus spp bioelements phenolic compounds indole compounds digestive tract antioxidative effect anions
ISSN:	1420-3049, 1420-3049
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Abstract	Worldwide, mushrooms belonging to the Pleurotus spp. such as P. citrinopileatus, P. djamor, and P. pulmonarius are highly valued not only for their taste and aroma but also for their health-promoting properties. These species are rich in bioelements, vitamins, and above all, compounds that exhibit immunostimulatory activity. Therefore, in this study, we aimed to determine the effect of the supplementation of culture media using inorganic Mg and Zn salts. This is the first study to establish the bioavailability of the selected elements (Mg and Zn) and anions (Cl−, SO42−) from the enriched biomass by means of the extraction of lyophilized mycelium into artificial digestive juices. The following salts were added to the liquid Oddoux medium: ZnSO4·7H2O, ZnCl2, MgSO4·7H2O or MgCl2·6H2O. The bioelements, anions and organic compounds in the obtained biomass were determined. The addition of Zn and Mg salts to the media increased the production of biomass by 30% and increased the bioaccumulation of the inorganic salts. Maintaining in vitro cultures under optimized and controlled conditions produced mycelium with a better composition and health properties than otherwise. Such enriched biomass may be classified as potential functional foods, aiding in overcoming deficiencies of elements and organic compounds with biological activity in humans.
AbstractList	Worldwide, mushrooms belonging to the Pleurotus spp. such as P. citrinopileatus, P. djamor, and P. pulmonarius are highly valued not only for their taste and aroma but also for their health-promoting properties. These species are rich in bioelements, vitamins, and above all, compounds that exhibit immunostimulatory activity. Therefore, in this study, we aimed to determine the effect of the supplementation of culture media using inorganic Mg and Zn salts. This is the first study to establish the bioavailability of the selected elements (Mg and Zn) and anions (Cl−, SO42−) from the enriched biomass by means of the extraction of lyophilized mycelium into artificial digestive juices. The following salts were added to the liquid Oddoux medium: ZnSO4·7H2O, ZnCl2, MgSO4·7H2O or MgCl2·6H2O. The bioelements, anions and organic compounds in the obtained biomass were determined. The addition of Zn and Mg salts to the media increased the production of biomass by 30% and increased the bioaccumulation of the inorganic salts. Maintaining in vitro cultures under optimized and controlled conditions produced mycelium with a better composition and health properties than otherwise. Such enriched biomass may be classified as potential functional foods, aiding in overcoming deficiencies of elements and organic compounds with biological activity in humans. Worldwide, mushrooms belonging to the spp. such as , , and are highly valued not only for their taste and aroma but also for their health-promoting properties. These species are rich in bioelements, vitamins, and above all, compounds that exhibit immunostimulatory activity. Therefore, in this study, we aimed to determine the effect of the supplementation of culture media using inorganic Mg and Zn salts. This is the first study to establish the bioavailability of the selected elements (Mg and Zn) and anions (Cl , SO ) from the enriched biomass by means of the extraction of lyophilized mycelium into artificial digestive juices. The following salts were added to the liquid Oddoux medium: ZnSO ·7H O, ZnCl , MgSO ·7H O or MgCl ·6H O. The bioelements, anions and organic compounds in the obtained biomass were determined. The addition of Zn and Mg salts to the media increased the production of biomass by 30% and increased the bioaccumulation of the inorganic salts. Maintaining in vitro cultures under optimized and controlled conditions produced mycelium with a better composition and health properties than otherwise. Such enriched biomass may be classified as potential functional foods, aiding in overcoming deficiencies of elements and organic compounds with biological activity in humans. Worldwide, mushrooms belonging to the Pleurotus spp. such as P. citrinopileatus, P. djamor, and P. pulmonarius are highly valued not only for their taste and aroma but also for their health-promoting properties. These species are rich in bioelements, vitamins, and above all, compounds that exhibit immunostimulatory activity. Therefore, in this study, we aimed to determine the effect of the supplementation of culture media using inorganic Mg and Zn salts. This is the first study to establish the bioavailability of the selected elements (Mg and Zn) and anions (Cl-, SO42-) from the enriched biomass by means of the extraction of lyophilized mycelium into artificial digestive juices. The following salts were added to the liquid Oddoux medium: ZnSO4·7H2O, ZnCl2, MgSO4·7H2O or MgCl2·6H2O. The bioelements, anions and organic compounds in the obtained biomass were determined. The addition of Zn and Mg salts to the media increased the production of biomass by 30% and increased the bioaccumulation of the inorganic salts. Maintaining in vitro cultures under optimized and controlled conditions produced mycelium with a better composition and health properties than otherwise. Such enriched biomass may be classified as potential functional foods, aiding in overcoming deficiencies of elements and organic compounds with biological activity in humans.Worldwide, mushrooms belonging to the Pleurotus spp. such as P. citrinopileatus, P. djamor, and P. pulmonarius are highly valued not only for their taste and aroma but also for their health-promoting properties. These species are rich in bioelements, vitamins, and above all, compounds that exhibit immunostimulatory activity. Therefore, in this study, we aimed to determine the effect of the supplementation of culture media using inorganic Mg and Zn salts. This is the first study to establish the bioavailability of the selected elements (Mg and Zn) and anions (Cl-, SO42-) from the enriched biomass by means of the extraction of lyophilized mycelium into artificial digestive juices. The following salts were added to the liquid Oddoux medium: ZnSO4·7H2O, ZnCl2, MgSO4·7H2O or MgCl2·6H2O. The bioelements, anions and organic compounds in the obtained biomass were determined. The addition of Zn and Mg salts to the media increased the production of biomass by 30% and increased the bioaccumulation of the inorganic salts. Maintaining in vitro cultures under optimized and controlled conditions produced mycelium with a better composition and health properties than otherwise. Such enriched biomass may be classified as potential functional foods, aiding in overcoming deficiencies of elements and organic compounds with biological activity in humans.
Author	Suchanek, Małgorzata Opoka, Włodzimierz Muszyńska, Bożena Sułkowska-Ziaja, Katarzyna Krakowska, Agata Włodarczyk, Anna Zięba, Piotr
AuthorAffiliation	4 Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Biotechnology and Horticulture, University of Agriculture in Kraków, 29 Listopada 54, 31-425 Kraków, Poland; p.zieba90@gmail.com 2 Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 9 Medyczna Street, 30-688 Kraków, Poland; wlodzimierz.opoka@uj.edu.pl 3 Department of Analytical Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Materials Science and Ceramics, AGH University of Science and Technology, Al. Mickiewicza 30, 30-059 Kraków, Poland; msuchanek@agh.edu.pl 1 Department of Pharmaceutical Botany Jagiellonian, Faculty of Pharmacy, University Medical College, 9 Medyczna Street, 30-688 Kraków, Poland; annawlodarczyk1966@gmail.com (A.W.); katarzyna.sulkowska-ziaja@uj.edu.pl (K.S.-Z.)
AuthorAffiliation_xml	– name: 2 Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 9 Medyczna Street, 30-688 Kraków, Poland; wlodzimierz.opoka@uj.edu.pl – name: 3 Department of Analytical Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Materials Science and Ceramics, AGH University of Science and Technology, Al. Mickiewicza 30, 30-059 Kraków, Poland; msuchanek@agh.edu.pl – name: 1 Department of Pharmaceutical Botany Jagiellonian, Faculty of Pharmacy, University Medical College, 9 Medyczna Street, 30-688 Kraków, Poland; annawlodarczyk1966@gmail.com (A.W.); katarzyna.sulkowska-ziaja@uj.edu.pl (K.S.-Z.) – name: 4 Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Biotechnology and Horticulture, University of Agriculture in Kraków, 29 Listopada 54, 31-425 Kraków, Poland; p.zieba90@gmail.com
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Keywords	Pleurotus spp bioelements phenolic compounds indole compounds digestive tract antioxidative effect anions
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Snippet	Worldwide, mushrooms belonging to the Pleurotus spp. such as P. citrinopileatus, P. djamor, and P. pulmonarius are highly valued not only for their taste and... Worldwide, mushrooms belonging to the spp. such as , , and are highly valued not only for their taste and aroma but also for their health-promoting properties....
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SubjectTerms	Amino acids anions antioxidative effect Bioavailability bioelements Biomass Functional Food Humans Humidity indole compounds Magnesium - metabolism Metals Mushrooms Mycelium - growth & development Mycelium - metabolism phenolic compounds Pleurotus - growth & development Pleurotus - metabolism Pleurotus spp Zinc - metabolism
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Title	Pleurotus spp. Mycelia Enriched in Magnesium and Zinc Salts as a Potential Functional Food
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