Patients’ Understanding of Health Information in Online Medical Records and Patient Portals: Analysis of the 2022 Health Information National Trends Survey
The 21st Century Cures Act mandated instant digital access for patients to see their test results and clinical notes (eg, via patient portals). Entirely using and understanding such health information requires some degree of personal health literacy. This study aims to assess the associations betwee...
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| Vydané v: | Journal of medical Internet research Ročník 27; číslo 3; s. e62696 |
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| Jazyk: | English |
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Canada
Journal of Medical Internet Research
30.05.2025
Gunther Eysenbach MD MPH, Associate Professor JMIR Publications |
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| ISSN: | 1438-8871, 1439-4456, 1438-8871 |
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| Abstract | The 21st Century Cures Act mandated instant digital access for patients to see their test results and clinical notes (eg, via patient portals). Entirely using and understanding such health information requires some degree of personal health literacy.
This study aims to assess the associations between ease of understanding online health information and various factors, including sociodemographics, health-related variables, numeracy, and technology-related factors.
This cross-sectional study used data from the National Cancer Institute's 2022 Health Information National Trends Survey (HINTS), a nationally representative survey of US adults that tracks individuals' access and use of their health information. Data was collected from March to December 2022. The survey was conducted across various US settings using a stratified multistage sampling technique to ensure national representation. Our analysis included 3016 respondents with data for all variables of interest. We conducted bivariate and multivariate analyses to assess the odds of finding health information in online medical records or patient portals as "very easy" to understand compared with "not very easy."
In the multivariate analysis, age group (with the 35-49 years group being 1.9 times more likely compared to the ≥75 years group; P=.03), female birth sex (1.4 times more likely; P=.04), ease of understanding medical statistics (8.5 times more likely for those finding it "very easy"; P<.001), patient-provider communication score (increase of 1.1 odds per 1 unit increase; P<.001), and mode of accessing online records (1.8 times more likely via an app and 1.4 times more likely via both an app and website, P=.01 and P=.003, respectively, versus using a website alone) were significant predictors for finding health information "very easy" to understand.
Sociodemographic factors, numeracy, patient-provider communication, and method of accessing online records were associated with ease of understanding health information in online medical records or patient portals. Findings from this study may inform interventions to make patient portals and online medical records more patient-centered and easier to navigate. |
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| AbstractList | BackgroundThe 21st Century Cures Act mandated instant digital access for patients to see their test results and clinical notes (eg, via patient portals). Entirely using and understanding such health information requires some degree of personal health literacy. ObjectiveThis study aims to assess the associations between ease of understanding online health information and various factors, including sociodemographics, health-related variables, numeracy, and technology-related factors. MethodsThis cross-sectional study used data from the National Cancer Institute’s 2022 Health Information National Trends Survey (HINTS), a nationally representative survey of US adults that tracks individuals’ access and use of their health information. Data was collected from March to December 2022. The survey was conducted across various US settings using a stratified multistage sampling technique to ensure national representation. Our analysis included 3016 respondents with data for all variables of interest. We conducted bivariate and multivariate analyses to assess the odds of finding health information in online medical records or patient portals as “very easy” to understand compared with “not very easy.” ResultsIn the multivariate analysis, age group (with the 35-49 years group being 1.9 times more likely compared to the ≥75 years group; P=.03), female birth sex (1.4 times more likely; P=.04), ease of understanding medical statistics (8.5 times more likely for those finding it “very easy”; P<.001), patient-provider communication score (increase of 1.1 odds per 1 unit increase; P<.001), and mode of accessing online records (1.8 times more likely via an app and 1.4 times more likely via both an app and website, P=.01 and P=.003, respectively, versus using a website alone) were significant predictors for finding health information “very easy” to understand. ConclusionsSociodemographic factors, numeracy, patient-provider communication, and method of accessing online records were associated with ease of understanding health information in online medical records or patient portals. Findings from this study may inform interventions to make patient portals and online medical records more patient-centered and easier to navigate. Background:The 21st Century Cures Act mandated instant digital access for patients to see their test results and clinical notes (eg, via patient portals). Entirely using and understanding such health information requires some degree of personal health literacy.Objective:This study aims to assess the associations between ease of understanding online health information and various factors, including sociodemographics, health-related variables, numeracy, and technology-related factors.Methods:This cross-sectional study used data from the National Cancer Institute’s 2022 Health Information National Trends Survey (HINTS), a nationally representative survey of US adults that tracks individuals’ access and use of their health information. Data was collected from March to December 2022. The survey was conducted across various US settings using a stratified multistage sampling technique to ensure national representation. Our analysis included 3016 respondents with data for all variables of interest. We conducted bivariate and multivariate analyses to assess the odds of finding health information in online medical records or patient portals as “very easy” to understand compared with “not very easy.”Results:In the multivariate analysis, age group (with the 35-49 years group being 1.9 times more likely compared to the ≥75 years group; P=.03), female birth sex (1.4 times more likely; P=.04), ease of understanding medical statistics (8.5 times more likely for those finding it “very easy”; P<.001), patient-provider communication score (increase of 1.1 odds per 1 unit increase; P<.001), and mode of accessing online records (1.8 times more likely via an app and 1.4 times more likely via both an app and website, P=.01 and P=.003, respectively, versus using a website alone) were significant predictors for finding health information “very easy” to understand.Conclusions:Sociodemographic factors, numeracy, patient-provider communication, and method of accessing online records were associated with ease of understanding health information in online medical records or patient portals. Findings from this study may inform interventions to make patient portals and online medical records more patient-centered and easier to navigate. The 21st Century Cures Act mandated instant digital access for patients to see their test results and clinical notes (eg, via patient portals). Entirely using and understanding such health information requires some degree of personal health literacy.BACKGROUNDThe 21st Century Cures Act mandated instant digital access for patients to see their test results and clinical notes (eg, via patient portals). Entirely using and understanding such health information requires some degree of personal health literacy.This study aims to assess the associations between ease of understanding online health information and various factors, including sociodemographics, health-related variables, numeracy, and technology-related factors.OBJECTIVEThis study aims to assess the associations between ease of understanding online health information and various factors, including sociodemographics, health-related variables, numeracy, and technology-related factors.This cross-sectional study used data from the National Cancer Institute's 2022 Health Information National Trends Survey (HINTS), a nationally representative survey of US adults that tracks individuals' access and use of their health information. Data was collected from March to December 2022. The survey was conducted across various US settings using a stratified multistage sampling technique to ensure national representation. Our analysis included 3016 respondents with data for all variables of interest. We conducted bivariate and multivariate analyses to assess the odds of finding health information in online medical records or patient portals as "very easy" to understand compared with "not very easy."METHODSThis cross-sectional study used data from the National Cancer Institute's 2022 Health Information National Trends Survey (HINTS), a nationally representative survey of US adults that tracks individuals' access and use of their health information. Data was collected from March to December 2022. The survey was conducted across various US settings using a stratified multistage sampling technique to ensure national representation. Our analysis included 3016 respondents with data for all variables of interest. We conducted bivariate and multivariate analyses to assess the odds of finding health information in online medical records or patient portals as "very easy" to understand compared with "not very easy."In the multivariate analysis, age group (with the 35-49 years group being 1.9 times more likely compared to the ≥75 years group; P=.03), female birth sex (1.4 times more likely; P=.04), ease of understanding medical statistics (8.5 times more likely for those finding it "very easy"; P<.001), patient-provider communication score (increase of 1.1 odds per 1 unit increase; P<.001), and mode of accessing online records (1.8 times more likely via an app and 1.4 times more likely via both an app and website, P=.01 and P=.003, respectively, versus using a website alone) were significant predictors for finding health information "very easy" to understand.RESULTSIn the multivariate analysis, age group (with the 35-49 years group being 1.9 times more likely compared to the ≥75 years group; P=.03), female birth sex (1.4 times more likely; P=.04), ease of understanding medical statistics (8.5 times more likely for those finding it "very easy"; P<.001), patient-provider communication score (increase of 1.1 odds per 1 unit increase; P<.001), and mode of accessing online records (1.8 times more likely via an app and 1.4 times more likely via both an app and website, P=.01 and P=.003, respectively, versus using a website alone) were significant predictors for finding health information "very easy" to understand.Sociodemographic factors, numeracy, patient-provider communication, and method of accessing online records were associated with ease of understanding health information in online medical records or patient portals. Findings from this study may inform interventions to make patient portals and online medical records more patient-centered and easier to navigate.CONCLUSIONSSociodemographic factors, numeracy, patient-provider communication, and method of accessing online records were associated with ease of understanding health information in online medical records or patient portals. Findings from this study may inform interventions to make patient portals and online medical records more patient-centered and easier to navigate. The 21st Century Cures Act mandated instant digital access for patients to see their test results and clinical notes (eg, via patient portals). Entirely using and understanding such health information requires some degree of personal health literacy. This study aims to assess the associations between ease of understanding online health information and various factors, including sociodemographics, health-related variables, numeracy, and technology-related factors. This cross-sectional study used data from the National Cancer Institute's 2022 Health Information National Trends Survey (HINTS), a nationally representative survey of US adults that tracks individuals' access and use of their health information. Data was collected from March to December 2022. The survey was conducted across various US settings using a stratified multistage sampling technique to ensure national representation. Our analysis included 3016 respondents with data for all variables of interest. We conducted bivariate and multivariate analyses to assess the odds of finding health information in online medical records or patient portals as "very easy" to understand compared with "not very easy." In the multivariate analysis, age group (with the 35-49 years group being 1.9 times more likely compared to the ≥75 years group; P=.03), female birth sex (1.4 times more likely; P=.04), ease of understanding medical statistics (8.5 times more likely for those finding it "very easy"; P<.001), patient-provider communication score (increase of 1.1 odds per 1 unit increase; P<.001), and mode of accessing online records (1.8 times more likely via an app and 1.4 times more likely via both an app and website, P=.01 and P=.003, respectively, versus using a website alone) were significant predictors for finding health information "very easy" to understand. Sociodemographic factors, numeracy, patient-provider communication, and method of accessing online records were associated with ease of understanding health information in online medical records or patient portals. Findings from this study may inform interventions to make patient portals and online medical records more patient-centered and easier to navigate. The 21st Century Cures Act mandated instant digital access for patients to see their test results and clinical notes (eg, via patient portals). Entirely using and understanding such health information requires some degree of personal health literacy. This study aims to assess the associations between ease of understanding online health information and various factors, including sociodemographics, health-related variables, numeracy, and technology-related factors. This cross-sectional study used data from the National Cancer Institute’s 2022 Health Information National Trends Survey (HINTS), a nationally representative survey of US adults that tracks individuals’ access and use of their health information. Data was collected from March to December 2022. The survey was conducted across various US settings using a stratified multistage sampling technique to ensure national representation. Our analysis included 3016 respondents with data for all variables of interest. We conducted bivariate and multivariate analyses to assess the odds of finding health information in online medical records or patient portals as “very easy” to understand compared with “not very easy.” In the multivariate analysis, age group (with the 35-49 years group being 1.9 times more likely compared to the ≥75 years group; P =.03), female birth sex (1.4 times more likely; P =.04), ease of understanding medical statistics (8.5 times more likely for those finding it “very easy”; P <.001), patient-provider communication score (increase of 1.1 odds per 1 unit increase; P <.001), and mode of accessing online records (1.8 times more likely via an app and 1.4 times more likely via both an app and website, P =.01 and P =.003, respectively, versus using a website alone) were significant predictors for finding health information “very easy” to understand. Sociodemographic factors, numeracy, patient-provider communication, and method of accessing online records were associated with ease of understanding health information in online medical records or patient portals. Findings from this study may inform interventions to make patient portals and online medical records more patient-centered and easier to navigate. |
| Audience | Academic |
| Author | Andreadis, Katerina Buderer, Nancy Langford, Aisha Tene |
| AuthorAffiliation | 1 Department of Population Health NYU Grossman School Of Medicine New York, NY United States 2 Nancy Buderer Consulting LLC Oak Harbor, OH United States 3 Department of Family Medicine and Public Health Sciences Wayne State University School of Medicine Detroit, MI United States |
| AuthorAffiliation_xml | – name: 3 Department of Family Medicine and Public Health Sciences Wayne State University School of Medicine Detroit, MI United States – name: 1 Department of Population Health NYU Grossman School Of Medicine New York, NY United States – name: 2 Nancy Buderer Consulting LLC Oak Harbor, OH United States |
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| BackLink | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/40446288$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed |
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| Cites_doi | 10.1097/JXX.0000000000000109 10.1093/jamiaopen/ooac104 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1109323 10.2196/12779 10.1056/NEJMp2003890 10.2196/26189 10.1089/tmj.2019.0065 10.1093/jamia/ocz023 10.2196/jmir.3241 10.2196/24767 10.1093/tbm/ibac088 10.1038/s41746-022-00663-0 10.1093/jamia/ocz132 10.1055/s-0042-1751239 10.1093/jamia/ocad126 10.2196/41972 10.1093/jamia/ocad015 10.1001/jamahealthforum.2023.3883 10.1159/000510144 10.1186/s12910-020-0459-6 10.1093/jamia/ocy065 10.37765/ajmc.2024.89483 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2021.06.014 10.1089/tmj.2023.0277 10.1093/jamiaopen/ooad049 10.2196/jmir.3171 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.3572 |
| ContentType | Journal Article |
| Copyright | Katerina Andreadis, Nancy Buderer, Aisha Tene Langford. Originally published in the Journal of Medical Internet Research (https://www.jmir.org), 30.05.2025. COPYRIGHT 2025 Journal of Medical Internet Research 2025. This work is licensed under https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License. Katerina Andreadis, Nancy Buderer, Aisha Tene Langford. Originally published in the Journal of Medical Internet Research (https://www.jmir.org), 30.05.2025. 2025 |
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| Keywords | online health information online medical records mobile apps patient-focused care digital health health literacy patient portals health technology |
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| License | Katerina Andreadis, Nancy Buderer, Aisha Tene Langford. Originally published in the Journal of Medical Internet Research (https://www.jmir.org), 30.05.2025. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work, first published in the Journal of Medical Internet Research (ISSN 1438-8871), is properly cited. The complete bibliographic information, a link to the original publication on https://www.jmir.org/, as well as this copyright and license information must be included. |
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| Snippet | The 21st Century Cures Act mandated instant digital access for patients to see their test results and clinical notes (eg, via patient portals). Entirely using... Background The 21st Century Cures Act mandated instant digital access for patients to see their test results and clinical notes (eg, via patient portals).... Background:The 21st Century Cures Act mandated instant digital access for patients to see their test results and clinical notes (eg, via patient portals).... BackgroundThe 21st Century Cures Act mandated instant digital access for patients to see their test results and clinical notes (eg, via patient portals).... |
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| Title | Patients’ Understanding of Health Information in Online Medical Records and Patient Portals: Analysis of the 2022 Health Information National Trends Survey |
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| Volume | 27 |
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