Factors affecting livestock predation by lions in Cameroon
Interviews were carried out in six villages south-west of Waza National Park, Cameroon, to investigate the impact of factors related to the occurrence of livestock raiding by lions. Data were analysed at the village and individual level. Livestock losses (cattle, sheep and/or goats) caused by lions...
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| Vydáno v: | African journal of ecology Ročník 45; číslo 4; s. 490 - 498 |
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| Médium: | Journal Article |
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
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Oxford, UK
Blackwell Publishing Ltd
01.12.2007
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| ISSN: | 0141-6707, 1365-2028 |
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| Abstract | Interviews were carried out in six villages south-west of Waza National Park, Cameroon, to investigate the impact of factors related to the occurrence of livestock raiding by lions. Data were analysed at the village and individual level. Livestock losses (cattle, sheep and/or goats) caused by lions differed between villages, ranging from eight to 232 animals per village per year, or 37 to 1115 US$ per livestock owner. At the village and individual level, season and distance to the park boundary were important factors determining the occurrence of livestock losses (R 2 > 0.81). In villages close to the park attacks occurred irrespective of season and predation was high, and in villages farther from the park attacks mainly occurred during the rainy season and predation was low. Owning a large number of animals and attempting to chase away lions during an attack also increased predation on both village and individual level. At individual level, predation increased with the combined ownership of cattle and sheep and/or goats. Herding methods could be changed to decrease livestock predation, for example herding livestock with more than one herder, or building bomas for cattle at night. [PUBLICATION ABSTRACT] |
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| AbstractList | Interviews were carried out in six villages south-west of Waza National Park, Cameroon, to investigate the impact of factors related to the occurrence of livestock raiding by lions. Data were analysed at the village and individual level. Livestock losses (cattle, sheep and/or goats) caused by lions differed between villages, ranging from eight to 232 animals per village per year, or 37 to 1115 US$ per livestock owner. At the village and individual level, season and distance to the park boundary were important factors determining the occurrence of livestock losses (R² > 0.81). In villages close to the park attacks occurred irrespective of season and predation was high, and in villages farther from the park attacks mainly occurred during the rainy season and predation was low. Owning a large number of animals and attempting to chase away lions during an attack also increased predation on both village and individual level. At individual level, predation increased with the combined ownership of cattle and sheep and/or goats. Herding methods could be changed to decrease livestock predation, for example herding livestock with more than one herder, or building bomas for cattle at night. Interviews were carried out in six villages south-west of Waza National Park, Cameroon, to investigate the impact of factors related to the occurrence of livestock raiding by lions. Data were analysed at the village and individual level. Livestock losses (cattle, sheep and/or goats) caused by lions differed between villages, ranging from eight to 232 animals per village per year, or 37 to 1115 US$ per livestock owner. At the village and individual level, season and distance to the park boundary were important factors determining the occurrence of livestock losses (R 2 > 0.81). In villages close to the park attacks occurred irrespective of season and predation was high, and in villages farther from the park attacks mainly occurred during the rainy season and predation was low. Owning a large number of animals and attempting to chase away lions during an attack also increased predation on both village and individual level. At individual level, predation increased with the combined ownership of cattle and sheep and/or goats. Herding methods could be changed to decrease livestock predation, for example herding livestock with more than one herder, or building bomas for cattle at night. [PUBLICATION ABSTRACT] Interviews were carried out in six villages south-west of Waza National Park, Cameroon, to investigate the impact of factors related to the occurrence of livestock raiding by lions. Data were analysed at the village and individual level. Livestock losses (cattle, sheep and/or goats) caused by lions differed between villages, ranging from eight to 232 animals per village per year, or 37 to 1115 US$ per livestock owner. At the village and individual level, season and distance to the park boundary were important factors determining the occurrence of livestock losses (R2 > 0.81). In villages close to the park attacks occurred irrespective of season and predation was high, and in villages farther from the park attacks mainly occurred during the rainy season and predation was low. Owning a large number of animals and attempting to chase away lions during an attack also increased predation on both village and individual level. At individual level, predation increased with the combined ownership of cattle and sheep and/or goats. Herding methods could be changed to decrease livestock predation, for example herding livestock with more than one herder, or building bomas for cattle at night. Interviews were carried out in six villages south-west of Waza National Park, Cameroon, to investigate the impact of factors related to the occurrence of livestock raiding by lions. Data were analysed at the village and individual level. Livestock losses (cattle, sheep and/or goats) caused by lions differed between villages, ranging from eight to 232 animals per village per year, or 37 to 1115 US$ per livestock owner. At the village and individual level, season and distance to the park boundary were important factors determining the occurrence of livestock losses (R super(2) > 0.81). In villages close to the park attacks occurred irrespective of season and predation was high, and in villages farther from the park attacks mainly occurred during the rainy season and predation was low. Owning a large number of animals and attempting to chase away lions during an attack also increased predation on both village and individual level. At individual level, predation increased with the combined ownership of cattle and sheep and/or goats. Herding methods could be changed to decrease livestock predation, for example herding livestock with more than one herder, or building bomas for cattle at night. |
| Author | Van Bommel, L. De Boer, W. F. De Iongh, H. H. Bij de Vaate, M. D. |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: L. surname: Van Bommel fullname: Van Bommel, L. organization: Resource Ecology Group, Wageningen University and Research Centre, Bornsesteeg 69, 6708 PD Wageningen, The Netherlands – sequence: 2 givenname: M. D. surname: Bij de Vaate fullname: Bij de Vaate, M. D. organization: Resource Ecology Group, Wageningen University and Research Centre, Bornsesteeg 69, 6708 PD Wageningen, The Netherlands – sequence: 3 givenname: W. F. surname: De Boer fullname: De Boer, W. F. email: fred.deboer@wur.nl organization: Resource Ecology Group, Wageningen University and Research Centre, Bornsesteeg 69, 6708 PD Wageningen, The Netherlands – sequence: 4 givenname: H. H. surname: De Iongh fullname: De Iongh, H. H. organization: Institute of Environmental Sciences, Leiden University, P.O. Box 9518, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands |
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| References | Loth, P. (2004) The Return of the Water; Restoring the Waza Logone Floodplain in Cameroon. Blue Series IUCN Wetlands and Water Resources Programme. IUCN, Gland. Loveridge, A.J., Lynam, T. & MacDonald, D.W. (2002) Lion Conservation Research. Workshop 2: Modelling Conflict. Wildlife Conservation Research Unit, Oxford. Meriggi, A. & Lovari, S. (1996) A review of wolf predation in southern Europe: does the wolf prefer wild prey to livestock? J. Appl. Ecol. 33, 1561-1571. Van Orsdol, K.G., Hanby, J.P. & Bygott, J.D. (1985) Ecological correlation of lion social organisation (Panthera leo). Lond. J. Zool. A 206, 97-112. Funston, P.J., Mills, G.M.L. & Biggs, H.C. (2001) Factors affecting hunting success of male and female lion in the Kruger National Park. J. Zool. 253, 419-431. Singh, H.S. & Kamboj, R.D. (1996) Predation pattern of the Asiatic lion on domestic livestock. Indian Forester 122, 869-875. Nowell, K. & Jackson, P. (1996) Wild Cats Status Survey and Conservation Action Plan. IUCN/SCC/Cat Specialist group, Gland, pp. 328. Moritz, M., Scholte, P. & Kari, S. (2002) The demise of the nomadic contract: arrangements and rangelands under pressure in the Far North of Cameroon. Nomadic Peoples 6, 127-146. Treves, A., Naughton-Treves, L., Harper, E.K., Mladenoff, D.J., Rose, R.A., Sickley, T.A. & Wydeven, A.P. (2004) Predicting human-carnivore conflict; a spatial model derived from 25 years of data on wolf predation on livestock. Conserv. Biol. 18, 114-125. Stander, P.E. (1991) Demography of lions in Etosha National Park, Namibia. Madoqua 18, 1-9. Bauer, H. (2003) Lion Conservation in West and Central Africa. PhD thesis, Leiden University, Leiden. Madhusudan, M.D. (2003) Living amidst large wildlife: livestock and crop depredation by large mammals in the interior villages of Bhadra tiger reserve, south India. Environ. Manage. 31, 466-475. Mazzolli, M., Graipel, M.E. & Dunstone, N. (2002) Mountain lion depredation in southern Brasil. Biol. Conserv. 105, 43-51. Stander, P.E. (1990) A suggested management strategy for stock-raiding lions in Namibia. S. Afr. J. Wildl. Res. 20, 37-43. Funston, P.J., Mills, G.M.L., Biggs, H.C. & Richardson, P.R.K. (1998) Hunting by male lions, ecological influences and socoecological implications. Anim. Behav. 56, 1333-1345. Schaller, G.B. (1972) The Serengeti Lion: A Study on Predator-Prey Relations. University of Chicago Press, Chicago, IL, pp. 480. Patterson, B.D., Kasiki, S.M., Selempo, E. & Kays, R.W. (2004) Livestock predation by lions (Panthera leo) and other carnivores on ranches neighboring Tsavo National Park, Kenya. Biol. Conserv. 119, 507-516. Bauer, H. (1995) Predation and Pastoralism; Report of a Survey on Predation by Carnivores of Waza National Park on Livestock in Surroundings. IUCN Waza Logone Project, Centre of Environmental Science, Leiden. Bertram, B.C.R. (1973) Lion population regulation. East Afr. Wildl. J. 11, 215-225. Bauer, H., De Iongh, H.H., Princee, F.P.G. & Ngantou, D. (2001) Status and Needs for Conservation of Lions in West and Central Africa: An Information Exchange Workshop Report. Conservation Breeding Specialist Group (IUCN/SSC), Apple Valley, MN. Ogada, M.O., Woodroffe, R., Oguge, N.O. & Frank, L. (2003) Limiting depredation by African carnivores: the role of livestock husbandry. Conserv. Biol. 17:1521-1530. 2004; 21 2001; 253 1990; 20 1991; 18 2001 1973; 11 2004; 18 2002; 6 1996 1995 2002; 105 2003; 17 1972 1996; 122 2004 2003 1985; 206 2002 2004; 119 1998; 56 2003; 31 1996; 33 1999 Stander P.E. (e_1_2_6_20_1) 1990; 20 Bauer H. (e_1_2_6_3_1) 2003 Bauer H. (e_1_2_6_2_1) 1995 Singh H.S. (e_1_2_6_19_1) 1996; 122 Bauer H. (e_1_2_6_4_1) 2001 e_1_2_6_8_1 Loth P. (e_1_2_6_9_1) 2004 e_1_2_6_5_1 e_1_2_6_7_1 e_1_2_6_6_1 e_1_2_6_13_1 e_1_2_6_14_1 e_1_2_6_24_1 Loveridge A.J. (e_1_2_6_10_1) 2002 e_1_2_6_11_1 Stander P.E. (e_1_2_6_21_1) 1991; 18 e_1_2_6_23_1 e_1_2_6_12_1 e_1_2_6_22_1 e_1_2_6_17_1 e_1_2_6_18_1 e_1_2_6_15_1 e_1_2_6_16_1 |
| References_xml | – reference: Ogada, M.O., Woodroffe, R., Oguge, N.O. & Frank, L. (2003) Limiting depredation by African carnivores: the role of livestock husbandry. Conserv. Biol. 17:1521-1530. – reference: Treves, A., Naughton-Treves, L., Harper, E.K., Mladenoff, D.J., Rose, R.A., Sickley, T.A. & Wydeven, A.P. (2004) Predicting human-carnivore conflict; a spatial model derived from 25 years of data on wolf predation on livestock. Conserv. Biol. 18, 114-125. – reference: Nowell, K. & Jackson, P. (1996) Wild Cats Status Survey and Conservation Action Plan. IUCN/SCC/Cat Specialist group, Gland, pp. 328. – reference: Moritz, M., Scholte, P. & Kari, S. (2002) The demise of the nomadic contract: arrangements and rangelands under pressure in the Far North of Cameroon. Nomadic Peoples 6, 127-146. – reference: Bauer, H. (1995) Predation and Pastoralism; Report of a Survey on Predation by Carnivores of Waza National Park on Livestock in Surroundings. IUCN Waza Logone Project, Centre of Environmental Science, Leiden. – reference: Loth, P. (2004) The Return of the Water; Restoring the Waza Logone Floodplain in Cameroon. Blue Series IUCN Wetlands and Water Resources Programme. IUCN, Gland. – reference: Funston, P.J., Mills, G.M.L., Biggs, H.C. & Richardson, P.R.K. (1998) Hunting by male lions, ecological influences and socoecological implications. Anim. Behav. 56, 1333-1345. – reference: Bauer, H. (2003) Lion Conservation in West and Central Africa. PhD thesis, Leiden University, Leiden. – reference: Funston, P.J., Mills, G.M.L. & Biggs, H.C. (2001) Factors affecting hunting success of male and female lion in the Kruger National Park. J. Zool. 253, 419-431. – reference: Mazzolli, M., Graipel, M.E. & Dunstone, N. (2002) Mountain lion depredation in southern Brasil. Biol. Conserv. 105, 43-51. – reference: Bertram, B.C.R. (1973) Lion population regulation. East Afr. Wildl. J. 11, 215-225. – reference: Madhusudan, M.D. (2003) Living amidst large wildlife: livestock and crop depredation by large mammals in the interior villages of Bhadra tiger reserve, south India. Environ. Manage. 31, 466-475. – reference: Meriggi, A. & Lovari, S. (1996) A review of wolf predation in southern Europe: does the wolf prefer wild prey to livestock? J. Appl. Ecol. 33, 1561-1571. – reference: Schaller, G.B. (1972) The Serengeti Lion: A Study on Predator-Prey Relations. University of Chicago Press, Chicago, IL, pp. 480. – reference: Loveridge, A.J., Lynam, T. & MacDonald, D.W. (2002) Lion Conservation Research. Workshop 2: Modelling Conflict. Wildlife Conservation Research Unit, Oxford. – reference: Stander, P.E. (1990) A suggested management strategy for stock-raiding lions in Namibia. S. Afr. J. Wildl. Res. 20, 37-43. – reference: Stander, P.E. (1991) Demography of lions in Etosha National Park, Namibia. Madoqua 18, 1-9. – reference: Van Orsdol, K.G., Hanby, J.P. & Bygott, J.D. (1985) Ecological correlation of lion social organisation (Panthera leo). Lond. J. Zool. A 206, 97-112. – reference: Singh, H.S. & Kamboj, R.D. (1996) Predation pattern of the Asiatic lion on domestic livestock. Indian Forester 122, 869-875. – reference: Patterson, B.D., Kasiki, S.M., Selempo, E. & Kays, R.W. (2004) Livestock predation by lions (Panthera leo) and other carnivores on ranches neighboring Tsavo National Park, Kenya. Biol. Conserv. 119, 507-516. – reference: Bauer, H., De Iongh, H.H., Princee, F.P.G. & Ngantou, D. (2001) Status and Needs for Conservation of Lions in West and Central Africa: An Information Exchange Workshop Report. 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| SubjectTerms | Cameroon carnivores Cattle damage depredation Ecology goats Herding interviews Livestock National parks ownership Panthera leo Predation Prevention Rainy season Seasons sheep Villages wet season Wildcats wolf predation |
| Title | Factors affecting livestock predation by lions in Cameroon |
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