Seasonal human coronavirus antibodies are boosted upon SARS-CoV-2 infection but not associated with protection

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has rapidly spread within the human population. Although SARS-CoV-2 is a novel coronavirus, most humans had been previously exposed to other antigenically distinct common seasonal human coronaviruses (hCoVs) before the coronavirus disease...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Cell Vol. 184; no. 7; p. 1858
Main Authors: Anderson, Elizabeth M, Goodwin, Eileen C, Verma, Anurag, Arevalo, Claudia P, Bolton, Marcus J, Weirick, Madison E, Gouma, Sigrid, McAllister, Christopher M, Christensen, Shannon R, Weaver, JoEllen, Hicks, Philip, Manzoni, Tomaz B, Oniyide, Oluwatosin, Ramage, Holly, Mathew, Divij, Baxter, Amy E, Oldridge, Derek A, Greenplate, Allison R, Wu, Jennifer E, Alanio, Cécile, D'Andrea, Kurt, Kuthuru, Oliva, Dougherty, Jeanette, Pattekar, Ajinkya, Kim, Justin, Han, Nicholas, Apostolidis, Sokratis A, Huang, Alex C, Vella, Laura A, Kuri-Cervantes, Leticia, Pampena, M Betina, Betts, Michael R, Wherry, E John, Meyer, Nuala J, Cherry, Sara, Bates, Paul, Rader, Daniel J, Hensley, Scott E
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: United States 01.04.2021
Subjects:
Adolescent
Adult
Alphacoronavirus - immunology
Animals
Antibodies, Viral - blood
Antibodies, Viral - immunology
Betacoronavirus - immunology
Child
Child, Preschool
Chlorocebus aethiops
COVID-19 - immunology
COVID-19 Serological Testing
Cross Protection
Cross Reactions
Disease Susceptibility
HEK293 Cells
Humans
Infant
Infant, Newborn
Vero Cells
coronavirus
SARS-CoV-2
antibodies
pre-existing immunity
ISSN:1097-4172, 1097-4172
Online Access:Get more information
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Summary:Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has rapidly spread within the human population. Although SARS-CoV-2 is a novel coronavirus, most humans had been previously exposed to other antigenically distinct common seasonal human coronaviruses (hCoVs) before the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Here, we quantified levels of SARS-CoV-2-reactive antibodies and hCoV-reactive antibodies in serum samples collected from 431 humans before the COVID-19 pandemic. We then quantified pre-pandemic antibody levels in serum from a separate cohort of 251 individuals who became PCR-confirmed infected with SARS-CoV-2. Finally, we longitudinally measured hCoV and SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in the serum of hospitalized COVID-19 patients. Our studies indicate that most individuals possessed hCoV-reactive antibodies before the COVID-19 pandemic. We determined that ∼20% of these individuals possessed non-neutralizing antibodies that cross-reacted with SARS-CoV-2 spike and nucleocapsid proteins. These antibodies were not associated with protection against SARS-CoV-2 infections or hospitalizations, but they were boosted upon SARS-CoV-2 infection.
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ISSN:1097-4172
1097-4172
DOI:10.1016/j.cell.2021.02.010