T-Cell Response to Viral Hemorrhagic Fevers

Viral hemorrhagic fevers (VHF) are a group of clinically similar diseases that can be caused by enveloped RNA viruses primarily from the families Arenaviridae, Filoviridae, Hantaviridae, and Flaviviridae. Clinically, this group of diseases has in common fever, fatigue, dizziness, muscle aches, and o...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Vaccines (Basel) Vol. 7; no. 1; p. 11
Main Authors: Perdomo-Celis, Federico, Salvato, Maria S., Medina-Moreno, Sandra, Zapata, Juan C.
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: Switzerland MDPI AG 22.01.2019
MDPI
Subjects:
Dengue fever
dengue virus
Dizziness
Ebola virus
Fatalities
Fever
hantavirus
Hemorrhage
Immune response
Immune response (cell-mediated)
Infectious diseases
interferon-gamma
Lassa virus
Lymphocytes T
Muscles
Muscular fatigue
Pathogenesis
Review
RNA viruses
Signs and symptoms
T-cells
tumor necrosis factor-alpha
vaccine
viral hemorrhagic fever
Viruses
yellow fever virus
Brazil
United States > US
West Africa
Africa
Ebola virus
T-cells
tumor necrosis factor-alpha
vaccine
yellow fever virus
hantavirus
dengue virus
viral hemorrhagic fever
Lassa virus
interferon-gamma
ISSN:2076-393X, 2076-393X
Online Access:Get full text
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Description
Summary:Viral hemorrhagic fevers (VHF) are a group of clinically similar diseases that can be caused by enveloped RNA viruses primarily from the families Arenaviridae, Filoviridae, Hantaviridae, and Flaviviridae. Clinically, this group of diseases has in common fever, fatigue, dizziness, muscle aches, and other associated symptoms that can progress to vascular leakage, bleeding and multi-organ failure. Most of these viruses are zoonotic causing asymptomatic infections in the primary host, but in human beings, the infection can be lethal. Clinical and experimental evidence suggest that the T-cell response is needed for protection against VHF, but can also cause damage to the host, and play an important role in disease pathogenesis. Here, we present a review of the T-cell immune responses to VHF and insights into the possible ways to improve counter-measures for these viral agents.
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ISSN:2076-393X
2076-393X
DOI:10.3390/vaccines7010011