High-resolution comparative analysis of great ape genomes

Genetic studies of human evolution require high-quality contiguous ape genome assemblies that are not guided by the human reference. We coupled long-read sequence assembly and full-length complementary DNA sequencing with a multiplatform scaffolding approach to produce ab initio chimpanzee and orang...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Science (American Association for the Advancement of Science) Vol. 360; no. 6393
Main Authors: Kronenberg, Zev N, Fiddes, Ian T, Gordon, David, Murali, Shwetha, Cantsilieris, Stuart, Meyerson, Olivia S, Underwood, Jason G, Nelson, Bradley J, Chaisson, Mark J P, Dougherty, Max L, Munson, Katherine M, Hastie, Alex R, Diekhans, Mark, Hormozdiari, Fereydoun, Lorusso, Nicola, Hoekzema, Kendra, Qiu, Ruolan, Clark, Karen, Raja, Archana, Welch, AnneMarie E, Sorensen, Melanie, Baker, Carl, Fulton, Robert S, Armstrong, Joel, Graves-Lindsay, Tina A, Denli, Ahmet M, Hoppe, Emma R, Hsieh, PingHsun, Hill, Christopher M, Pang, Andy Wing Chun, Lee, Joyce, Lam, Ernest T, Dutcher, Susan K, Gage, Fred H, Warren, Wesley C, Shendure, Jay, Haussler, David, Schneider, Valerie A, Cao, Han, Ventura, Mario, Wilson, Richard K, Paten, Benedict, Pollen, Alex, Eichler, Evan E
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: United States 08.06.2018
Subjects:
Animals
Contig Mapping
Evolution, Molecular
Genetic Variation
Genome, Human
Hominidae - genetics
Humans
Molecular Sequence Annotation
Sequence Analysis, DNA
ISSN:1095-9203, 1095-9203
Online Access:Get more information
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Summary:Genetic studies of human evolution require high-quality contiguous ape genome assemblies that are not guided by the human reference. We coupled long-read sequence assembly and full-length complementary DNA sequencing with a multiplatform scaffolding approach to produce ab initio chimpanzee and orangutan genome assemblies. By comparing these with two long-read de novo human genome assemblies and a gorilla genome assembly, we characterized lineage-specific and shared great ape genetic variation ranging from single- to mega-base pair-sized variants. We identified ~17,000 fixed human-specific structural variants identifying genic and putative regulatory changes that have emerged in humans since divergence from nonhuman apes. Interestingly, these variants are enriched near genes that are down-regulated in human compared to chimpanzee cerebral organoids, particularly in cells analogous to radial glial neural progenitors.
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ISSN:1095-9203
1095-9203
DOI:10.1126/science.aar6343