Genetic effects of landscape, habitat preference and demography on three co‐occurring turtle species

Expanding the scope of landscape genetics beyond the level of single species can help to reveal how species traits influence responses to environmental change. Multispecies studies are particularly valuable in highly threatened taxa, such as turtles, in which the impacts of anthropogenic change are...

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Published in:Molecular ecology Vol. 26; no. 3; pp. 781 - 798
Main Authors: Reid, Brendan N., Mladenoff, David J., Peery, M. Zachariah
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: England Blackwell Publishing Ltd 01.02.2017
Subjects:
Animals
anthropogenic activities
Anthropogenic factors
aquatic organisms
Bayes Theorem
Biogeography
Blanding's turtle
Chelydra serpentina
Chrysemys picta
cluster analysis
Demography
Ecosystem
effective population size
Emydoidea
Emydoidea blandingii
Endangered species
Environmental changes
generation time
Genetic Drift
Genetic effects
Genetic structure
genetic variation
Genetics
Genetics, Population
Geography
Habitat changes
Habitat fragmentation
Habitat preferences
Habitats
highlands
interspecific variation
Landscape ecology
landscape genetics
landscapes
Life history
Midwestern United States
mobility
painted turtle
Population genetics
population structure
regression analysis
Reptiles & amphibians
snapping turtle
specialization
Turtles
Turtles - classification
wetlands
Wisconsin
Midwestern United States
effective population size
mobility
generation time
painted turtle
population structure
landscape genetics
snapping turtle
specialization
Blanding's turtle
Wisconsin
ISSN:0962-1083, 1365-294X, 1365-294X
Online Access:Get full text
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Abstract Expanding the scope of landscape genetics beyond the level of single species can help to reveal how species traits influence responses to environmental change. Multispecies studies are particularly valuable in highly threatened taxa, such as turtles, in which the impacts of anthropogenic change are strongly influenced by interspecific differences in life history strategies, habitat preferences and mobility. We sampled approximately 1500 individuals of three co‐occurring turtle species across a gradient of habitat change (including varying loss of wetlands and agricultural conversion of upland habitats) in the Midwestern USA. We used genetic clustering and multiple regression methods to identify associations between genetic structure and permanent landscape features, past landscape composition and landscape change in each species. Two aquatic generalists (the painted turtle, Chrysemys picta, and the snapping turtle Chelydra serpentina) both exhibited population genetic structure consistent with isolation by distance, modulated by aquatic landscape features. Genetic divergence for the more terrestrial Blanding's turtle (Emydoidea blandingii), on the other hand, was not strongly associated with geographic distance or aquatic features, and Bayesian clustering analysis indicated that many Emydoidea populations were genetically isolated. Despite long generation times, all three species exhibited associations between genetic structure and postsettlement habitat change, indicating that long generation times may not be sufficient to delay genetic drift resulting from recent habitat fragmentation. The concordances in genetic structure observed between aquatic species, as well as isolation in the endangered, long‐lived Emydoidea, reinforce the need to consider both landscape composition and demographic factors in assessing differential responses to habitat change in co‐occurring species.
AbstractList Expanding the scope of landscape genetics beyond the level of single species can help to reveal how species traits influence responses to environmental change. Multispecies studies are particularly valuable in highly threatened taxa, such as turtles, in which the impacts of anthropogenic change are strongly influenced by interspecific differences in life history strategies, habitat preferences and mobility. We sampled approximately 1500 individuals of three co‐occurring turtle species across a gradient of habitat change (including varying loss of wetlands and agricultural conversion of upland habitats) in the Midwestern USA. We used genetic clustering and multiple regression methods to identify associations between genetic structure and permanent landscape features, past landscape composition and landscape change in each species. Two aquatic generalists (the painted turtle, Chrysemys picta, and the snapping turtle Chelydra serpentina) both exhibited population genetic structure consistent with isolation by distance, modulated by aquatic landscape features. Genetic divergence for the more terrestrial Blanding's turtle (Emydoidea blandingii), on the other hand, was not strongly associated with geographic distance or aquatic features, and Bayesian clustering analysis indicated that many Emydoidea populations were genetically isolated. Despite long generation times, all three species exhibited associations between genetic structure and postsettlement habitat change, indicating that long generation times may not be sufficient to delay genetic drift resulting from recent habitat fragmentation. The concordances in genetic structure observed between aquatic species, as well as isolation in the endangered, long‐lived Emydoidea, reinforce the need to consider both landscape composition and demographic factors in assessing differential responses to habitat change in co‐occurring species.
Expanding the scope of landscape genetics beyond the level of single species can help to reveal how species traits influence responses to environmental change. Multispecies studies are particularly valuable in highly threatened taxa, such as turtles, in which the impacts of anthropogenic change are strongly influenced by interspecific differences in life history strategies, habitat preferences and mobility. We sampled approximately 1500 individuals of three co‐occurring turtle species across a gradient of habitat change (including varying loss of wetlands and agricultural conversion of upland habitats) in the Midwestern USA. We used genetic clustering and multiple regression methods to identify associations between genetic structure and permanent landscape features, past landscape composition and landscape change in each species. Two aquatic generalists (the painted turtle, Chrysemys picta , and the snapping turtle Chelydra serpentina ) both exhibited population genetic structure consistent with isolation by distance, modulated by aquatic landscape features. Genetic divergence for the more terrestrial Blanding's turtle ( Emydoidea blandingii ), on the other hand, was not strongly associated with geographic distance or aquatic features, and Bayesian clustering analysis indicated that many Emydoidea populations were genetically isolated. Despite long generation times, all three species exhibited associations between genetic structure and postsettlement habitat change, indicating that long generation times may not be sufficient to delay genetic drift resulting from recent habitat fragmentation. The concordances in genetic structure observed between aquatic species, as well as isolation in the endangered, long‐lived Emydoidea , reinforce the need to consider both landscape composition and demographic factors in assessing differential responses to habitat change in co‐occurring species.
Expanding the scope of landscape genetics beyond the level of single species can help to reveal how species traits influence responses to environmental change. Multispecies studies are particularly valuable in highly threatened taxa, such as turtles, in which the impacts of anthropogenic change are strongly influenced by interspecific differences in life history strategies, habitat preferences and mobility. We sampled approximately 1500 individuals of three co-occurring turtle species across a gradient of habitat change (including varying loss of wetlands and agricultural conversion of upland habitats) in the Midwestern USA. We used genetic clustering and multiple regression methods to identify associations between genetic structure and permanent landscape features, past landscape composition and landscape change in each species. Two aquatic generalists (the painted turtle, Chrysemys picta, and the snapping turtle Chelydra serpentina) both exhibited population genetic structure consistent with isolation by distance, modulated by aquatic landscape features. Genetic divergence for the more terrestrial Blanding's turtle (Emydoidea blandingii), on the other hand, was not strongly associated with geographic distance or aquatic features, and Bayesian clustering analysis indicated that many Emydoidea populations were genetically isolated. Despite long generation times, all three species exhibited associations between genetic structure and postsettlement habitat change, indicating that long generation times may not be sufficient to delay genetic drift resulting from recent habitat fragmentation. The concordances in genetic structure observed between aquatic species, as well as isolation in the endangered, long-lived Emydoidea, reinforce the need to consider both landscape composition and demographic factors in assessing differential responses to habitat change in co-occurring species.Expanding the scope of landscape genetics beyond the level of single species can help to reveal how species traits influence responses to environmental change. Multispecies studies are particularly valuable in highly threatened taxa, such as turtles, in which the impacts of anthropogenic change are strongly influenced by interspecific differences in life history strategies, habitat preferences and mobility. We sampled approximately 1500 individuals of three co-occurring turtle species across a gradient of habitat change (including varying loss of wetlands and agricultural conversion of upland habitats) in the Midwestern USA. We used genetic clustering and multiple regression methods to identify associations between genetic structure and permanent landscape features, past landscape composition and landscape change in each species. Two aquatic generalists (the painted turtle, Chrysemys picta, and the snapping turtle Chelydra serpentina) both exhibited population genetic structure consistent with isolation by distance, modulated by aquatic landscape features. Genetic divergence for the more terrestrial Blanding's turtle (Emydoidea blandingii), on the other hand, was not strongly associated with geographic distance or aquatic features, and Bayesian clustering analysis indicated that many Emydoidea populations were genetically isolated. Despite long generation times, all three species exhibited associations between genetic structure and postsettlement habitat change, indicating that long generation times may not be sufficient to delay genetic drift resulting from recent habitat fragmentation. The concordances in genetic structure observed between aquatic species, as well as isolation in the endangered, long-lived Emydoidea, reinforce the need to consider both landscape composition and demographic factors in assessing differential responses to habitat change in co-occurring species.
Author Peery, M. Zachariah
Mladenoff, David J.
Reid, Brendan N.
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  organization: University of Wisconsin‐Madison
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Issue 3
Keywords effective population size
mobility
generation time
painted turtle
population structure
landscape genetics
snapping turtle
specialization
Blanding's turtle
Wisconsin
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Snippet Expanding the scope of landscape genetics beyond the level of single species can help to reveal how species traits influence responses to environmental change....
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SubjectTerms Animals
anthropogenic activities
Anthropogenic factors
aquatic organisms
Bayes Theorem
Biogeography
Blanding's turtle
Chelydra serpentina
Chrysemys picta
cluster analysis
Demography
Ecosystem
effective population size
Emydoidea
Emydoidea blandingii
Endangered species
Environmental changes
generation time
Genetic Drift
Genetic effects
Genetic structure
genetic variation
Genetics
Genetics, Population
Geography
Habitat changes
Habitat fragmentation
Habitat preferences
Habitats
highlands
interspecific variation
Landscape ecology
landscape genetics
landscapes
Life history
Midwestern United States
mobility
painted turtle
Population genetics
population structure
regression analysis
Reptiles & amphibians
snapping turtle
specialization
Turtles
Turtles - classification
wetlands
Wisconsin
Title Genetic effects of landscape, habitat preference and demography on three co‐occurring turtle species
URI https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111%2Fmec.13962
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27997082
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https://www.proquest.com/docview/1851299277
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https://www.proquest.com/docview/2000426756
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