Power outage and environmental justice in Winter Storm Uri: an analytical workflow based on nighttime light remote sensing

The intensity of extreme weather events has been increasing, posing a unique threat to society and highlighting the importance of our electrical power system, a key component in our infrastructure. In severe weather events, quickly identifying power outage impact zones and affected communities is cr...

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Veröffentlicht in:	International journal of digital earth Jg. 16; H. 1; S. 2259 - 2278
Hauptverfasser:	Xu, Jinwen, Qiang, Yi, Cai, Heng, Zou, Lei
Format:	Journal Article
Sprache:	Englisch
Veröffentlicht:	Abingdon Taylor & Francis 02.10.2023 Taylor & Francis Ltd Taylor & Francis Group
Schlagworte:	Angle of reflection Blackouts Census Censuses Disaster management disaster resilience Electric power Electric power systems Empirical equations Environmental justice equations Extreme weather infrastructure Latinos Luminous intensity natural disaster Night Night-time Nighttime Nighttime light Outages Power failures power outage Remote sensing Severe weather snow spatial analysis Storms Texas Tracking Weather Winter Winter storms Workflow Texas
ISSN:	1753-8947, 1753-8955, 1753-8955
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Abstract	The intensity of extreme weather events has been increasing, posing a unique threat to society and highlighting the importance of our electrical power system, a key component in our infrastructure. In severe weather events, quickly identifying power outage impact zones and affected communities is crucial for informed disaster response. However, a lack of household-level power outage data impedes timely and precise assessments. To address these challenges, we introduced an analytical workflow using NASA's Black Marble daily nighttime light (NTL) images to detect power outages from the 2021 Winter Storm Uri. This workflow includes adjustments to mitigate viewing angle and snow reflection effects. Power outage is detected by comparing storm-time and baseline (normal condition) NTL images using an empirical adjusted equation. The outcomes of the workflow are 500-meter resolution power outage maps, which have the optimal correlation with real outage tracking data when NTL intensity is reduced by 26%. With the resultant power outage maps, we analyzed the relations between power outages and disadvantaged populations in 126 Texas counties and 4182 census tracts to evaluate environmental justice in the storm. The results show that Latino/Hispanic communities tend to suffer more from power outages at both the county and census tract levels.
AbstractList	The intensity of extreme weather events has been increasing, posing a unique threat to society and highlighting the importance of our electrical power system, a key component in our infrastructure. In severe weather events, quickly identifying power outage impact zones and affected communities is crucial for informed disaster response. However, a lack of household-level power outage data impedes timely and precise assessments. To address these challenges, we introduced an analytical workflow using NASA’s Black Marble daily nighttime light (NTL) images to detect power outages from the 2021 Winter Storm Uri. This workflow includes adjustments to mitigate viewing angle and snow reflection effects. Power outage is detected by comparing storm-time and baseline (normal condition) NTL images using an empirical adjusted equation. The outcomes of the workflow are 500-meter resolution power outage maps, which have the optimal correlation with real outage tracking data when NTL intensity is reduced by 26%. With the resultant power outage maps, we analyzed the relations between power outages and disadvantaged populations in 126 Texas counties and 4182 census tracts to evaluate environmental justice in the storm. The results show that Latino/Hispanic communities tend to suffer more from power outages at both the county and census tract levels.
Author	Xu, Jinwen Qiang, Yi Zou, Lei Cai, Heng
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SubjectTerms	Angle of reflection Blackouts Census Censuses Disaster management disaster resilience Electric power Electric power systems Empirical equations Environmental justice equations Extreme weather infrastructure Latinos Luminous intensity natural disaster Night Night-time Nighttime Nighttime light Outages Power failures power outage Remote sensing Severe weather snow spatial analysis Storms Texas Tracking Weather Winter Winter storms Workflow
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Title	Power outage and environmental justice in Winter Storm Uri: an analytical workflow based on nighttime light remote sensing
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