Towards Optimized Photoluminescent Copper(I) Phenanthroline-Functionalized Complexes: Control of the Photophysics by Symmetry-Breaking and Spin–Orbit Coupling

The electronic and structural alterations induced by the functionalization of the 1,10-phenanthroline (phen) ligand in [Cu(I) (phen-R2)2]+ complexes (R=H, CH3, tertio-butyl, alkyl-linkers) and their consequences on the luminescence properties and thermally activated delay fluorescence (TADF) activit...

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Published in:	Materials Vol. 15; no. 15; p. 5222
Main Authors:	Gourlaouen, Christophe, Daniel, Chantal
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	Basel MDPI AG 28.07.2022 MDPI
Subjects:	Approximation Broken symmetry Chemical Sciences Copper Coupling (molecular) Density functional theory Electron spin Flattening Ligands Luminescence Optical properties Oscillator strengths Photoluminescence Spin-orbit interactions Steric hindrance Symmetry
ISSN:	1996-1944, 1996-1944
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Abstract	The electronic and structural alterations induced by the functionalization of the 1,10-phenanthroline (phen) ligand in [Cu(I) (phen-R2)2]+ complexes (R=H, CH3, tertio-butyl, alkyl-linkers) and their consequences on the luminescence properties and thermally activated delay fluorescence (TADF) activity are investigated using the density functional theory (DFT) and its time-dependent (TD) extension. It is shown that highly symmetric molecules with several potentially emissive nearly-degenerate conformers are not promising because of low S1/S0 oscillator strengths together with limited or no S1/T1 spin–orbit coupling (SOC). Furthermore, steric hindrance, which prevents the flattening of the complex upon irradiation, is a factor of instability. Alternatively, linking the phenanthroline ligands offers the possibility to block the flattening while maintaining remarkable photophysical properties. We propose here two promising complexes, with appropriate symmetry and enough rigidity to warrant stability in standard solvents. This original study paves the way for the supramolecular design of new emissive devices.
AbstractList	The electronic and structural alterations induced by the functionalization of the 1,10-phenanthroline (phen) ligand in [Cu(I) (phen-R2)2]+ complexes (R=H, CH3, tertio-butyl, alkyl-linkers) and their consequences on the luminescence properties and thermally activated delay fluorescence (TADF) activity are investigated using the density functional theory (DFT) and its time-dependent (TD) extension. It is shown that highly symmetric molecules with several potentially emissive nearly-degenerate conformers are not promising because of low S1/S0 oscillator strengths together with limited or no S1/T1 spin–orbit coupling (SOC). Furthermore, steric hindrance, which prevents the flattening of the complex upon irradiation, is a factor of instability. Alternatively, linking the phenanthroline ligands offers the possibility to block the flattening while maintaining remarkable photophysical properties. We propose here two promising complexes, with appropriate symmetry and enough rigidity to warrant stability in standard solvents. This original study paves the way for the supramolecular design of new emissive devices. The electronic and structural alterations induced by the functionalization of the 1,10-phenanthroline (phen) ligand in [Cu(I) (phen-R2)2]+ complexes (R=H, CH3, tertio-butyl, alkyl-linkers) and their consequences on the luminescence properties and thermally activated delay fluorescence (TADF) activity are investigated using the density functional theory (DFT) and its time-dependent (TD) extension. It is shown that highly symmetric molecules with several potentially emissive nearly-degenerate conformers are not promising because of low S1/S0 oscillator strengths together with limited or no S1/T1 spin-orbit coupling (SOC). Furthermore, steric hindrance, which prevents the flattening of the complex upon irradiation, is a factor of instability. Alternatively, linking the phenanthroline ligands offers the possibility to block the flattening while maintaining remarkable photophysical properties. We propose here two promising complexes, with appropriate symmetry and enough rigidity to warrant stability in standard solvents. This original study paves the way for the supramolecular design of new emissive devices.The electronic and structural alterations induced by the functionalization of the 1,10-phenanthroline (phen) ligand in [Cu(I) (phen-R2)2]+ complexes (R=H, CH3, tertio-butyl, alkyl-linkers) and their consequences on the luminescence properties and thermally activated delay fluorescence (TADF) activity are investigated using the density functional theory (DFT) and its time-dependent (TD) extension. It is shown that highly symmetric molecules with several potentially emissive nearly-degenerate conformers are not promising because of low S1/S0 oscillator strengths together with limited or no S1/T1 spin-orbit coupling (SOC). Furthermore, steric hindrance, which prevents the flattening of the complex upon irradiation, is a factor of instability. Alternatively, linking the phenanthroline ligands offers the possibility to block the flattening while maintaining remarkable photophysical properties. We propose here two promising complexes, with appropriate symmetry and enough rigidity to warrant stability in standard solvents. This original study paves the way for the supramolecular design of new emissive devices.
Author	Daniel, Chantal Gourlaouen, Christophe
AuthorAffiliation	Laboratoire de Chimie Quantique Institut de Chimie UMR 7177, CNRS, Université de Strasbourg, 4, Rue Blaise Pascal CS 90032, F-67081 Strasbourg, France; c.daniel@unistra.fr
AuthorAffiliation_xml	– name: Laboratoire de Chimie Quantique Institut de Chimie UMR 7177, CNRS, Université de Strasbourg, 4, Rue Blaise Pascal CS 90032, F-67081 Strasbourg, France; c.daniel@unistra.fr
Author_xml	– sequence: 1 givenname: Christophe surname: Gourlaouen fullname: Gourlaouen, Christophe – sequence: 2 givenname: Chantal orcidid: 0000-0002-0520-2969 surname: Daniel fullname: Daniel, Chantal
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Snippet	The electronic and structural alterations induced by the functionalization of the 1,10-phenanthroline (phen) ligand in [Cu(I) (phen-R2)2]+ complexes (R=H, CH3,...
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SubjectTerms	Approximation Broken symmetry Chemical Sciences Copper Coupling (molecular) Density functional theory Electron spin Flattening Ligands Luminescence Optical properties Oscillator strengths Photoluminescence Spin-orbit interactions Steric hindrance Symmetry
Title	Towards Optimized Photoluminescent Copper(I) Phenanthroline-Functionalized Complexes: Control of the Photophysics by Symmetry-Breaking and Spin–Orbit Coupling
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