The circular economy: New or Refurbished as CE 3.0? — Exploring Controversies in the Conceptualization of the Circular Economy through a Focus on History and Resource Value Retention Options

•Distinction of historic phases (CE 1.0-CE 3.0) show the evolutionary nature of CE and relations to predecessors.•Various schools of thought exist in CE 3.0 of rendering CE either ‘refurbished’ or transformational.•CE 3.0 stagnates on low value resource retention options (ROs) and few databases to s...

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Bibliographic Details

Published in:	Resources, conservation and recycling Vol. 135; pp. 246 - 264
Main Authors:	Reike, Denise, Vermeulen, Walter J.V., Witjes, Sjors
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	Elsevier B.V 01.08.2018
Subjects:	Circular economy Circularity Closed-loop economy Literature review Value preservation Closed-loop economy Literature review Circular economy Value preservation Circularity
ISSN:	0921-3449, 1879-0658
Online Access:	Get full text
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