Four-Dimensional Scanning Transmission Electron Microscopy (4D-STEM): From Scanning Nanodiffraction to Ptychography and Beyond

Scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) is widely used for imaging, diffraction, and spectroscopy of materials down to atomic resolution. Recent advances in detector technology and computational methods have enabled many experiments that record a full image of the STEM probe for many probe...

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Vydáno v:Microscopy and microanalysis Ročník 25; číslo 3; s. 563 - 582
Hlavní autor: Ophus, Colin
Médium: Journal Article
Jazyk:angličtina
Vydáno: New York, USA Cambridge University Press 01.06.2019
Oxford University Press
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ISSN:1431-9276, 1435-8115, 1435-8115
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Shrnutí:Scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) is widely used for imaging, diffraction, and spectroscopy of materials down to atomic resolution. Recent advances in detector technology and computational methods have enabled many experiments that record a full image of the STEM probe for many probe positions, either in diffraction space or real space. In this paper, we review the use of these four-dimensional STEM experiments for virtual diffraction imaging, phase, orientation and strain mapping, measurements of medium-range order, thickness and tilt of samples, and phase contrast imaging methods, including differential phase contrast, ptychography, and others.
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ISSN:1431-9276
1435-8115
1435-8115
DOI:10.1017/S1431927619000497