Aging-related geniohyoid muscle atrophy is related to aspiration status in healthy older adults

Age-related muscle weakness due to atrophy and fatty infiltration in orofacial muscles may be related to swallowing deficits in older adults. An important component of safe swallowing is the geniohyoid (GH) muscle, which helps elevate and stabilize the hyoid bone, thus protecting the airway. This st...

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Published in:	The journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences Vol. 68; no. 7; p. 853
Main Authors:	Feng, Xin, Todd, Tee, Lintzenich, Catherine R, Ding, Jingzhong, Carr, Jeffery J, Ge, Yaorong, Browne, James D, Kritchevsky, Stephen B, Butler, Susan G
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	United States 01.07.2013
Subjects:	Adult Aged Aged, 80 and over Aging Deglutition Deglutition Disorders - diagnostic imaging Deglutition Disorders - etiology Female Head - diagnostic imaging Humans Male Muscular Atrophy Pharyngeal Muscles - diagnostic imaging Pharyngeal Muscles - pathology Radiography Retrospective Studies Velopharyngeal Sphincter - diagnostic imaging Atrophy Aspiration Geniohyoid muscle Swallow Fatty infiltration Older adults CT scans
ISSN:	1758-535X, 1758-535X
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Abstract	Age-related muscle weakness due to atrophy and fatty infiltration in orofacial muscles may be related to swallowing deficits in older adults. An important component of safe swallowing is the geniohyoid (GH) muscle, which helps elevate and stabilize the hyoid bone, thus protecting the airway. This study aimed to explore whether aging and aspiration in older adults were related to GH muscle atrophy and fatty infiltration. Eighty computed tomography scans of the head and neck from 40 healthy older (average age 78 years) and 40 younger adults (average age 32 years) were analyzed. Twenty aspirators and 20 nonaspirators from the 40 older adults had been identified previously. Two-dimensional views in the sagittal and coronal planes were used to measure the GH cross-sectional area and fatty infiltration. GH cross-sectional area was larger in men than in women (p < .05). Decreased cross-sectional area was associated with aging (p < .05), and cross-sectional area was significantly smaller in aspirators compared with nonaspirators, but only among the older men (p < .01). Increasing fatty infiltration was associated with aging in the middle (p < .05) and posterior (p < .01) portions of the GH muscle. There was no significant difference in fatty infiltration of the GH muscle among aspirators and nonaspirators. GH muscle atrophy was associated with aging and aspiration. Fatty infiltration in the GH muscle was increased with aging but not related to aspiration status. These findings suggest that GH muscle atrophy may be a component of decreased swallowing safety and aspiration in older adults and warrants further investigation.
AbstractList	Age-related muscle weakness due to atrophy and fatty infiltration in orofacial muscles may be related to swallowing deficits in older adults. An important component of safe swallowing is the geniohyoid (GH) muscle, which helps elevate and stabilize the hyoid bone, thus protecting the airway. This study aimed to explore whether aging and aspiration in older adults were related to GH muscle atrophy and fatty infiltration. Eighty computed tomography scans of the head and neck from 40 healthy older (average age 78 years) and 40 younger adults (average age 32 years) were analyzed. Twenty aspirators and 20 nonaspirators from the 40 older adults had been identified previously. Two-dimensional views in the sagittal and coronal planes were used to measure the GH cross-sectional area and fatty infiltration. GH cross-sectional area was larger in men than in women (p < .05). Decreased cross-sectional area was associated with aging (p < .05), and cross-sectional area was significantly smaller in aspirators compared with nonaspirators, but only among the older men (p < .01). Increasing fatty infiltration was associated with aging in the middle (p < .05) and posterior (p < .01) portions of the GH muscle. There was no significant difference in fatty infiltration of the GH muscle among aspirators and nonaspirators. GH muscle atrophy was associated with aging and aspiration. Fatty infiltration in the GH muscle was increased with aging but not related to aspiration status. These findings suggest that GH muscle atrophy may be a component of decreased swallowing safety and aspiration in older adults and warrants further investigation. Age-related muscle weakness due to atrophy and fatty infiltration in orofacial muscles may be related to swallowing deficits in older adults. An important component of safe swallowing is the geniohyoid (GH) muscle, which helps elevate and stabilize the hyoid bone, thus protecting the airway. This study aimed to explore whether aging and aspiration in older adults were related to GH muscle atrophy and fatty infiltration.BACKGROUNDAge-related muscle weakness due to atrophy and fatty infiltration in orofacial muscles may be related to swallowing deficits in older adults. An important component of safe swallowing is the geniohyoid (GH) muscle, which helps elevate and stabilize the hyoid bone, thus protecting the airway. This study aimed to explore whether aging and aspiration in older adults were related to GH muscle atrophy and fatty infiltration.Eighty computed tomography scans of the head and neck from 40 healthy older (average age 78 years) and 40 younger adults (average age 32 years) were analyzed. Twenty aspirators and 20 nonaspirators from the 40 older adults had been identified previously. Two-dimensional views in the sagittal and coronal planes were used to measure the GH cross-sectional area and fatty infiltration.METHODEighty computed tomography scans of the head and neck from 40 healthy older (average age 78 years) and 40 younger adults (average age 32 years) were analyzed. Twenty aspirators and 20 nonaspirators from the 40 older adults had been identified previously. Two-dimensional views in the sagittal and coronal planes were used to measure the GH cross-sectional area and fatty infiltration.GH cross-sectional area was larger in men than in women (p < .05). Decreased cross-sectional area was associated with aging (p < .05), and cross-sectional area was significantly smaller in aspirators compared with nonaspirators, but only among the older men (p < .01). Increasing fatty infiltration was associated with aging in the middle (p < .05) and posterior (p < .01) portions of the GH muscle. There was no significant difference in fatty infiltration of the GH muscle among aspirators and nonaspirators.RESULTSGH cross-sectional area was larger in men than in women (p < .05). Decreased cross-sectional area was associated with aging (p < .05), and cross-sectional area was significantly smaller in aspirators compared with nonaspirators, but only among the older men (p < .01). Increasing fatty infiltration was associated with aging in the middle (p < .05) and posterior (p < .01) portions of the GH muscle. There was no significant difference in fatty infiltration of the GH muscle among aspirators and nonaspirators.GH muscle atrophy was associated with aging and aspiration. Fatty infiltration in the GH muscle was increased with aging but not related to aspiration status. These findings suggest that GH muscle atrophy may be a component of decreased swallowing safety and aspiration in older adults and warrants further investigation.CONCLUSIONGH muscle atrophy was associated with aging and aspiration. Fatty infiltration in the GH muscle was increased with aging but not related to aspiration status. These findings suggest that GH muscle atrophy may be a component of decreased swallowing safety and aspiration in older adults and warrants further investigation.
Author	Kritchevsky, Stephen B Todd, Tee Lintzenich, Catherine R Browne, James D Feng, Xin Ge, Yaorong Carr, Jeffery J Butler, Susan G Ding, Jingzhong
Author_xml	– sequence: 1 givenname: Xin surname: Feng fullname: Feng, Xin email: xfeng@wakehealth.edu organization: Department of Otolaryngology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Medical Center Boulevard, Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27157, USA. xfeng@wakehealth.edu – sequence: 2 givenname: Tee surname: Todd fullname: Todd, Tee – sequence: 3 givenname: Catherine R surname: Lintzenich fullname: Lintzenich, Catherine R – sequence: 4 givenname: Jingzhong surname: Ding fullname: Ding, Jingzhong – sequence: 5 givenname: Jeffery J surname: Carr fullname: Carr, Jeffery J – sequence: 6 givenname: Yaorong surname: Ge fullname: Ge, Yaorong – sequence: 7 givenname: James D surname: Browne fullname: Browne, James D – sequence: 8 givenname: Stephen B surname: Kritchevsky fullname: Kritchevsky, Stephen B – sequence: 9 givenname: Susan G surname: Butler fullname: Butler, Susan G
BackLink	https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23112114$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed
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PublicationYear	2013
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Snippet	Age-related muscle weakness due to atrophy and fatty infiltration in orofacial muscles may be related to swallowing deficits in older adults. An important...
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SubjectTerms	Adult Aged Aged, 80 and over Aging Deglutition Deglutition Disorders - diagnostic imaging Deglutition Disorders - etiology Female Head - diagnostic imaging Humans Male Muscular Atrophy Pharyngeal Muscles - diagnostic imaging Pharyngeal Muscles - pathology Radiography Retrospective Studies Velopharyngeal Sphincter - diagnostic imaging
Title	Aging-related geniohyoid muscle atrophy is related to aspiration status in healthy older adults
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