Evolutionary changes in plant reproductive traits following habitat fragmentation and their consequences for population fitness

1. The effects of habitat fragmentation on plant population genetic structure and diversity are relatively well studied. Yet, most of these studies used molecular tools focusing on neutral genetic markers, and much less is known about the potential evolutionary consequences of habitat fragmentation...

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Vydané v:	The Journal of ecology Ročník 100; číslo 1; s. 76 - 87
Hlavní autori:	Jacquemyn, Hans, De Meester, Luc, Jongejans, Eelke, Honnay, Olivier
Médium:	Journal Article
Jazyk:	English
Vydavateľské údaje:	Oxford, UK Blackwell Publishing Ltd 2012 Blackwell Publishing Blackwell
Predmet:	Animal and plant ecology Animal, plant and microbial ecology Biological and medical sciences Conservation biology Demecology Demography Dispersal Ecological genetics Ecology ESSAY REVIEW Evolution flowers Flowers & plants Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology gene flow General aspects Genetic diversity Genetic drift Genetic markers Genetic structure genetic variation Habitat fragmentation Habitats heritability Human ecology Inbreeding mating system nectar Phenotypic traits phenotypic variation Plant ecology Plant populations plant reproduction Plants population dynamics Population ecology reproductive traits selection selection response Nectar dispersal Dispersion Fragmentation Mating system Reproduction selection phenotypic variation Phenotype variation Population dynamics Habitat Fitness habitat fragmentation
ISSN:	0022-0477, 1365-2745
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Popis
Shrnutí:	1. The effects of habitat fragmentation on plant population genetic structure and diversity are relatively well studied. Yet, most of these studies used molecular tools focusing on neutral genetic markers, and much less is known about the potential evolutionary consequences of habitat fragmentation on ecologically relevant plant traits. 2. It can be expected that the altered biotic and abiotic conditions and limited gene flow following habitat fragmentation may impose strong selection pressures on traits important for plant fitness. Responses to these selection pressures may, however, be hampered by reduced genetic diversity through genetic drift. Conversely, evolutionary changes in flower or dispersal traits may itself impact the strength of inbreeding and genetic drift. 3. In this review, we highlight different reproductive plant traits that may be under selection following habitat fragmentation, and we examine studies that have shown indications for rapid evolutionary responses. 4. There are still relatively few studies that have convincingly shown that habitat fragmentation generates rapid evolutionary responses. Separating genetic from plastic trait responses and quantifying the long‐term fitness consequences of evolutionary changes in plant traits also remain major challenges. 5. Synthesis. Many plant traits may be subject to selection following habitat fragmentation, but, until now, studies that quantified evolutionary responses to habitat fragmentation are limited. To study the consequences of changing plant traits for population fitness, we advocate applying population models that link demographic vital rates, the responding plant traits and their heritability.
Bibliografia:	http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2745.2011.01919.x ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 content type line 14 ObjectType-Literature Review-2 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23 ObjectType-Article-2 ObjectType-Feature-1
ISSN:	0022-0477 1365-2745
DOI:	10.1111/j.1365-2745.2011.01919.x